In order to slove the environmental pollution problem caused by sulfur-containing lead-zinc tailings, this study adopted microbial induced calcuim carbonate precipitation technology to solidify and remediate the tailings through the synergistic action of S. pasteurii and sulfate-reducing bacteria. By simultaneously optimizing the formula of the composite nutrient solution, it is found that ammonium bicarbonate is the optimal carbon source, and the best results achieve when the calcium source concentration is 0.50 mol/L. The results show that the unconfined compressive strength of the composite nutrient solution specimen is 1.075 MPa and the calcium carbonate content is 13.03%. Compared with the basic nutrient solution of the same concentration, unconfined compressive strength and calcium carbonate content have increased by 27.33% and 29.21%, respectively. Additionally, the curing effect of heavy metal ions and sulfate ions is remarkable, with Pb²⁺, total Fe, total Cr, Cd²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Mn²⁺ being completely removed, the curing rate of Zn²⁺ exceeding 98%, and the curing rate of ${\text{SO}}_4^{2-}$ is up to 88.68%. Microscopic analysis reveals that the solidified samples formed highly cohesive crystals such as aragonite and calcite, effectively binding the tailings particles together. This study offers a novel approach for the solidification and remediation of sulfur-containing lead-zinc tailings.