To adapt the requirements of high power and narrow pulse width of detection laser in the active detection application for the eye-safe laser, a method for improving the performance of 1550 nm pulse laser diode transmitter module using equivalent circuit model analysis is proposed. The equivalent circuit model is established based on the specific laser parameters, and the model is introduced into the pulse drive circuit of the transmitter module. The key factors affecting the output characteristics of high power, narrow pulse laser are obtained through simulation analysis. The optimized two package lasers are connected to the pulse laser transmitter module to test the output laser pulse. The measured results are consistent with the simulation results, it is proved that the equivalent circuit analysis method can be used to evaluate and optimize the performance of the laser transmitter module. Finally, the optical pulse with the maximum output power over 20 W and the pulse width less than 10 ns is obtained that realizing laser output with high power and narrow pulse.