As the investigation is deepened, it is necessary to measure velocity with different techniques based on single probe to a point in the fields of shock waves physics, explosion physics, weapon, intense laser, and so on. The operational principles，optical structures and synchronous measuremental problems of the conventional and heterodyne photonic Doppler velocimetry (PDV) techniques are analyzed. According to the analysis, a novel velocimetry based on single probe, which can measure a target′s velocity by different techniques, is designed and assembled.The aluminum flyer plate and a large number of lead granules loaded by detonation wave are tested by the proposed velocimetry. The experimental results show that the velocities of single or multiple targets are measured well by the novel velocimetry, and the speed curves of the targets under test are obtained in independence measurement by two techniques. The research results can provide a valuable reference for the practical application of the velocimetry to measure a target′s velocity with different techniques simultaneously.