In order to realize fast and high-quality image scaling on field programmable gate array (FPGA) hardware platform, this paper proposed a nine-point interpolation adaptive scaling algorithm. Firstly, in order to reduce the amount of logical resources, a basic algorithm of nine-point interpolation is proposed, the image scaling effect achieved is obviously better than the nearest neighbor interpolation algorithm but slightly worse than the bilinear interpolation algorithm, and the edge of the image is not clear. In order to optimize the scaling effect of the basic algorithm of nine-point interpolation on the edge of the image, an adaptive scaling algorithm combining nine-point interpolation and nearest neighbor domain interpolation is proposed. The algorithm software, hardware comparative analysis and experimental verification are carried out through MATLAB and FPGA. Experimental results indicate that the peak signal to noise ratio of the adaptive nine-point interpolation algorithm is 0.3~2.5 dB higher than that of the traditional scaling algorithm on average, and the hardware resource consumption is reduced by about 20% compared with bilinear interpolation. The nine-point interpolation algorithm alleviates the problems of image edge blur and severe image distortion of the traditional algorithms, and it occupies less FPGA resources and has higher application value.