To solve the problems of low operating frequency and small flow rate of valve-type piezoelectric pump, a resonant air pump directly driven by piezoelectric oscillator was designed. First, the configuration of the piezoelectric resonant air pump was designed, and its structure was simulated and analyzed, and the influence of structural parameters on the output characteristics of the air pump was obtained. The prototype of the piezoelectric resonant air pump was preliminarily made, and an experimental test device was set up to examine the vibration characteristics of the piezoelectric oscillator under different structural parameters, as well as the change law of the flow rate and pressure of the air pump. Based on the simulation and experimental results, the matching relationship between the resonant frequency of the four-arm valve and piezoelectric oscillator is determined, and when the fundamental frequency of the valve is close to the first-order resonant frequency of the oscillator and slightly higher by 225 Hz, the matching between the two is the best. After optimization, when the driving voltage is 120 V_pp and driving frequency is 1 600 Hz, the output flow rate of the resonant valve-type piezoelectric pump is 1 241.28 mL/min and output pressure is 7.56 kPa.