In order to strengthen students' understanding of nonlinear problems, a set of hysteresis nonlinear hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform for piezoelectric ceramic nanopositioners based on dSPACE is designed. Firstly, the composition of the experimental platform is introduced in detail. Secondly, the hysteresis nonlinear data of the piezo-positioner is collected based on the experimental platform, the PI (Prandtl-Ishlinskii) model is obtained by the general least squares identification method, and the PI inverse model is obtained by the analytical method. Finally, the PI inverse model is added to the feedforward path to offset the hysteresis nonlinearity, thereby transforming the nonlinear system into a pseudo-linear system. During the experiment, students can not only deepen their understanding of the nonlinear characteristics and inverse system method, but also effectively solve the hysteretic nonlinear problem of a kind of intelligent materials through the parameter identification method and inverse compensation method, improve students’ ability to combine theoretical knowledge with engineering practice, and cultivate automation students’ ability to solve complex engineering problems.

According to the interference theory of light, a simulation platform capable of demonstrating optical interference phenomena is designed based on MATLAB App Designer, including five interference experiments, namely Young’s double slit, wedge, Newton’s ring, Michelson as well as Fabry-Perot interference. It can intuitively display the effects of relevant physical parameters on the interference pattern, and can also display the simulation results in the form of animation. The use of this platform can help students better understand the theoretical mechanism of optical interference, improve their logical thinking and scientific innovation ability, and also help online learning and hybrid classroom teaching.

In response to the problem of single content in traditional transparent oxide thin film electrical performance testing experiments, combined with teachers’ lectures and research project, an exploratory experiment “ITO/p-Si contact properties based on transmission line model” and the corresponding assessment system were designed. The variety law and reason of contact resistivity and barrier height of ITO/p-Si contacts under different preparation conditions were analyzed by testing their electrical properties. The experiment assessment system covers literature review, sample preparation, performance measurement, data analysis and extension experiment. The experiment is comprehensive and progressive, which can consolidate professional theoretical knowledge, stimulate students’ interest in learning, and increase students’ innovative ability.

The knowledge points of experiment projects in the original mobile Internet of Things (IoT) technology curriculum are not relevant enough, and the design lacks an overall cognition of system development. In order to support the construction of development framework of mobile IoT systems for students, the application scenario of a mobile IoT intelligent garbage classification system is devised for the basic experiments. The mobile garbage classification attribute database is designed based on the Android development environment, with the aim of cultivating the mobile database design and development abilities of students. The C/S network structure of mobile terminal and garbage sorting terminal is designed through Wi-Fi ESP8266 to cultivate students’ abilities in the system networking design. The data interaction control program of mobile terminal and garbage sorting terminal is designed through the socket technology to cultivate students’ ability of programming in the socket communication technology between heterogeneous platforms, and the system can complete the status monitoring and intelligent control of the garbage sorting terminal on the mobile terminal. The system is easy to debug and has strong portability, which can help students to have a deeper understanding of the architecture of mobile IoT systems, and can be developed in different scenarios.

Centering on the needs of Compton scattering imaging and measurement experiments, the development of X-ray Compton scattering experimental system and experimental research were carried out. The influence of the system collimator on the imaging resolution and the solid angle of the beam collection was simulated, and the structure of the experimental system was designed. Based on the study of the detection efficiency of the detector for different energies of X-rays, the luminous flux calculation model was established, the influence of detector parameters on the luminous flux of scattered X-rays was analyzed, and the detection efficiency of the system was improved. X-ray Compton scattering experiments were carried out, clear scattering images were obtained, and the scattering intensity of PMMA was preliminarily measured. The system can be used for demonstration experiments of Compton scattering imaging and studies of material scattering analysis.

In view of the deficiencies of the existing data processing methods of the Milligan oil-drop experiment, this paper analyzes the principles of the mapping method of data processing and uses the easy-to-use WPS spreadsheet application to implement the linear regression calculation of the elementary charge through its built-in LINEST function. Through the analysis of the calculation process, the iterative method is introduced to design and optimize the algorithm to improve the accuracy and precision of the calculation. Furthermore, the formula for calculating the uncertainty of the slope based on the standard deviation results returned by the LINEST function is given. Applying the method of this paper to 15 sets of 107 data from reference literature, the results of this paper were found to be more accurate with less uncertainty and relative error.

In order to detect fires in ancient buildings, a device for automatic smoke and fire detection and recognition based on the improved YOLO algorithm instead of human and traditional sensors is designed and analyzed around the clock. FPN is utilized to solve the problem of the existence of small flames that are not easy to be detected in ancient buildings, and a flame detection system is established on the basis of the CNN model. In order to improve the accuracy of detection and reduce the probability of false alarms, electronic sensors are inserted into this system in order to further detect signals such as temperature and smoke. The experimental results show that the improved algorithm model improves the accuracy and real-time performance of fire detection, and the recognition accuracy can reach more than 96%.

The design methods and performance analysis of chassis by wire for driverless vehicle are important for the new engineering teaching of the vehicle engineering specialty. In order to clearly show the structure design and performance analysis process of the brake-by-wire system, a user-friendly virtual simulation teaching platform was developed based on the multiple software. Firstly, the human-machine interface design of the platform was completed based on MATLAB GUI, showing design and analysis process, and the detailed design of the brake-by-wire system was carried out to write callback functions. Secondly, 2D drawings of key components were drawn based on AutoCAD. Thirdly, 3D models were built based on SOLIDWORKS to realize system movement process demonstration. Finally, the modal analysis and transient mechanical performance analysis of key components, such as brake disc, were carried out with ANSYS. The results show force changes of brake disc during braking and the possible failure forms under different modes. The platform realizes the integration and visualization of design process and performance analysis, and improves students’ innovative design ability of new engineering and engineering application ability of performance analysis.

Based on the professional knowledge of the mechanical accuracy design and detection and the information technology, the virtual scene of geometric error measurement is constructed, and a set of virtual simulation experimental teaching platform for a three-dimensional geometric error measurement with three modules of learning, practice and examination is developed. The structure, principle, operation, error evaluation and data analysis of the coordinate measuring machine (CMM) are integrated in this platform by taking the lower box of reducer as the measurement object, which is commonly used in the engineering practice. According to the geometric shape and surface of the actual part, a virtual simulation environment is constructed to simulate the measurement principle and work steps of the CMM. The training experience is highly restored. Test data, data analysis and experimental operation under different experimental conditions and operations, and the online test report generated by the assessment as the virtual simulation experiment are taken as experimental output. The platform can be used for students to learn independently. This virtual simulation experiment solves the problem of insufficient training in the physical experiment of measuring geometric errors of a large and complex equipment. Students’ understanding of theoretical knowledge has been deepened, and their desire to explore the cutting-edge science has become stronger.

This paper analyzes the current situation and difficulties of mobile communication experimental teaching and expounds the necessity of 5G mobile communication practical teaching, which designs a virtual simulation teaching platform for the practical teaching of postgraduates in communication and gives the specific construction scheme. The platform includes basic simulation experiments such as the configuration, installation, and opening of the core network and base station equipment and the comprehensive simulation experiments such as network signal coverage analysis, drive test and network optimization in large and complex application scenarios. The teaching practice shows that this experimental platform can meet the needs of professional graduate students in the mobile communication practice training and cultivate the students’ innovative thinking and ability to solve complex engineering and technical problems.

Based on the outcome based education (OBE) theory and demand of architecture energy equipment (AEE) of design, installation and operation, this program constructs a parameterized, modulized, and visualized energy equipment simulation and training platform, and instructs the students to conduct installation practices of 4 task modules, therefore enhancing the understanding of AEE equipment and promoting the comprehensive qualities of the students in the aspects of practice and cognition.

Servo system is an important part of electric drives automatic control systems, and it’s an indispensable basic technology for modern industries such as industrial robots. In order to make teaching servo systems convenient and intuitive, a virtual experiment platform for servo systems based on Matlab is designed. The Simulink module and the Power systems sub-module are used to build a simulation model of the position servo system, and the GUI module is used to design the servo system visualization interface. The virtual experiment platform can be used to complete the virtual experiments of position single closed-loop, double closed-loop, and triple closed-loop control systems for commonly used servo motors. The virtual experimental results are consistent with the actual system waveforms, and this virtual experimental platform can be used to demonstrate the control and operation laws of servo systems visually and conveniently. The platform has a certain significance to improve the efficiency of the servo system analysis and enhance the teaching effect．

Accurate characterization of heat dissipation loss of settling tank is of great significance for energy saving and consumption reduction of the crude oil gathering and transportation system. In this paper, by building the heat dissipation characterization experimental system of the crude oil settling tank, the experimental measurement of the internal temperature field and heat flow distribution in different parts of the settling tank during the heat dissipation process is carried out. The results show that the heat conduction loss of the bottom surface is greater than that of the side surface and greater than that of the arch top surface. The development of the system has played a positive role for students majoring in oil and gas storage and transportation to deeply understand the application of the heat transfer knowledge in the engineering field, and cultivates students’ practical ability.

In order to strengthen students’ awareness of resource recovery of solid waste and treating the wastes with wastes, a comprehensive experiment on the preparation, characterization and adsorption performance of porous biocarbon from solid waste was designed under the background of dual carbon. First, the porous biocarbon was prepared from municipal solid waste and biomass corncobs through K2CO3 activation. Then, the porous biocarbon materials were comprehensively characterized and analyzed by pore structure analysis, scanning electron microscopy and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the CO2 adsorption performance of the samples was studied. The experiment includes porous biocarbon material preparation, characterizations and adsorption performance exploration, which is conducive to enforcing the students’ understanding of resource recovery of solid waste, developing the innovative consciousness and improving comprehensive practical ability and ability to solve practical problems.

In order to enable undergraduates to understand the operation process before the experiment of engineering fluid mechanics, a terminal virtual simulation experiment platform was built. Students complete the virtual simulation experiment by clicking the corresponding controls, of which the interface was made by the HTML5 web language. For avoiding of students’ escaping or operating negatively, the Apache Tomcat container was set up and login information and operation processs of students were sent to the Java background as a sending request through the Ajax technology, thus realizing the back-end recording and taking the the data as the permission to real experiment. Taking the Reynolds experiment as an example, the operation process and effect of virtual simulation experiment platform were introduced, so as to improve students’ proficiency of experiment and promote the experiment teaching quality.

In order to help students better understand the knowledge of frequency demodulation and master different frequency demodulation schemes, a set of phase/proportional frequency discrimination comprehensive experimental circuit is designed. The frequency modulation wave generated by the signal source is used as the circuit input, and the flexible switching between the proportional frequency discriminator and the superimposed phase frequency discriminator is realized through the selection switch, so as to achieve the organic combination of the two circuit forms. Through the test and analysis of the frequency discrimination function, frequency discrimination sensitivity and amplitude limiting function, this paper deeply discusses the similarities and differences between the two frequency discriminators, so as to realize the integration of theory and practice. The teaching practice shows that the experiment has good effect and is suitable for many occasions, such as undergraduate experimental teaching, college students’ scientific research and electronic design competition.

The demand for developing atmospheric chemistry experiment courses is urgent, but the textbooks are relatively lacking. This paper introduces the concepts, characteristics and practice of the new textbook “Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment” edited by the School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University. This textbook highlights the characteristics of atmospheric science discipline, including basic standard experiments of meteorological departments with reference to national standard methods, and cutting-edge experimental technology methodologies by advantage of large instruments. The content basically covers the theoretical knowledge in atmospheric chemistry, and encourages independent design of experiments, aiming to help cultivate practical and innovative undergraduate talents in atmospheric sciences. This textbook can serve as teaching materials of atmospheric chemistry experiment, and is expected to provide perspectives into the construction of other related courses.

The practical teaching of scientific research is an important way to improve undergraduates’ participation in the scientific research. The selection of course content, teaching design and implementation are the key factors which affect the effect of scientific research training. Based on cognitive process dimension, the paper reorganizes the system of academic practical training, and provides systematic and scientific guidance for instructional design of academic practical course for undergraduates. For cultivation of interest and confidence about the scientific research, the paper clarifies the basic ideas for constructing academic practical courses from three aspects: the selection of course content, the way of integrating academic research projects, and the practical platform. Take the academic topic of “Inertial Navigation of Pedestrian” as an example, the paper transforms complex academic research project into the practical course of scientific research that students “want to do” and “can do”. The course provides a guarantee for the further implementation of the hierarchical academic research training system. It is of great significance to the cultivation of innovative undergraduate talents under the new situation.

The scientific research feeding teaching is an important means to improve the quality of cultivating talents in universities. The content, scale, time and management problems were considered fully in this experiment. A knowledge point from the series of research results was selected, which was relatively independent and had the characteristic of exploration. The cadmium content of the four kinds of extractors (DTPA, 0.1 mol/L HCl, 0.01 mol/L CaCl2 and DI-water) was determined for the test soil treated with three passivation materials (HAP, WB and TMP), and the best passivation material TMP and the extractor DTPA of the tested soil type were determined. The experiment design integrated the individual operation and group cooperation as well as the basic operation and modern equipment. This experiment not only conveyed the cutting-edge progress of the discipline field, but also taught students to use the scientific research tools, which conforms to the requirements of innovative talent model training.

The electronic system design and practice is a basic comprehensive design experiment and an important practice link for electrical students. Aiming at the problems of separate experimental items, tense class hours and different demands for class hours of students with different abilities in offline teaching of electronic system design and practice course, a hybrid teaching system is proposed. It includes establishing experimental demonstration operation and error prone knowledge base, upgrading assessment methods, and combining online teaching with offline practice. The result shows that the relevant measures have achieved good results in the teaching of electronic system design and practice courses, which can meet the requirements of students with different abilities. It has a significant effect on improving students’ innovative practice ability and plays an important role in the connection between basic knowledge and professional knowledge points.

With the development of the educational information technology, the experimental curriculum reform and practice based on the brain computer interface technology rely on the hybrid teaching platform to carry out the “three classroom linkage” hybrid teaching combined with traditional classroom, online classroom and virtual simulation to guide students’ development in a multi-dimensional way, so that students at different levels can participate in the curriculum and have some harvest. The experimental construction introduces the outcomes-based education (OBE) concept into classroom teaching, cultivates students’ innovation awareness through interesting practical teaching, carries out experimental cases oriented to the cultivation of innovation ability and practical ability, and constructs a continuous improvement mode of teaching quality, aiming to enable students to achieve the ultimate teaching goal of knowledge acquisition, ability cultivation and value shaping in professional teaching.

The study aims to increase the accuracy and stability of the oxidase test due to the frequent false-positive and false-negative to the oxidase test during the microbiology experimental teaching. Here, we optimized experimental procedure and tested various culture mediums for pseudomonas aeruginosa by evaluating various bacterial culture medium and oxidase test kit to find a proper oxidase test protocol. Colonies were picked up with a sterilized toothpick, glass stick, or directly picked up with the paper disk. As a result, pseudomonas aeruginosa cultured in a slant agar medium frequently showed false positivity in the oxidase test, whereas pseudomonas aeruginosa cultured in regular agar plate or blood agar plate didn’t show any false positive. The experiment results showed that the blood agar was the best medium for bacterial culture for the oxidase test, and the oxidase test paper disk or N,N-Dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride test paper showed a similar result in the oxidase test.

In the construction of new engineering, the reform of experimental courses is the main battlefield for the cultivation of innovative talents. How to solve the contradiction between the rapid development of new industries and new technologies and the relative lag of experimental courses is an unavoidable problem. This study takes the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China as an example to explore this problem through paths of news collection, interviews, and in-depth interviews. This study systematically studies the practical experience of the new engineering construction namely “Chengdian Program” in the reform of the experimental curriculum system, and summarizes it into the “idea-support-operation mode” (ISO model), in the hope of providing reference for various universities to carry out the construction of experimental curriculum system based on new engineering.

In response to the problems of low practical ability and lack of learning interest among students in experimental teaching in engineering colleges, the B&R Laboratory encourages students to self-empower, stimulate their interest in learning, empower and authorize them with more learning rights, seize interdisciplinary integration knowledge and skills, comprehensively improve professional literacy and innovation ability, and cultivate them to quickly grow into new engineering innovation talents meeting the needs of the times. This article introduces the concept of empowerment theory into the teaching reform process of the B&R laboratory, and explores a teaching method centered on “learning”, which is a teaching method that students are self-empowered, self-learning, and self-teaching. Practice has proven that through the application of innovative teaching methods that empower and authorize students, their learning initiatives are significantly improved, and the teaching effect is greatly improved. They have performed excellently in various subject competitions, postgraduate entrance exams, and employment, which provides new ideas for cultivating new engineering professionals.

The online platform for microcontroller course experiments is crucial for effective control and management of the experimental process when there is a lack of robust support. To facilitate both student experimentation and instructor oversight, we have developed an online platform for microcontroller experiments and management. This platform is built using cutting-edge development technologies and tailored to the specific requirements of course experiment teaching. It is deployed in a cloud server environment, enabling remote implementation, breaking through geographical limitations, and providing convenient control and management. This platform is well-suited for both conducting and overseeing online microcontroller experiments. Additionally, it can support a blended learning approach, serving as a valuable resource for both in-person and online instruction for both educators and students.

3D printing is an emerging product manufacturing technology characterized by additive manufacturing, which has a profound impact on multiple industries and fields in society. In recent years, many universities have gradually begun to research and explore the application of this technology in the curriculum teaching. In response to the common problems such as the single teaching content, limited teaching time, and outdated teaching methods, a 3D printing practical teaching platform was constructed in the Fundamental Industry Training Center of Tsinghua University. This paper discusses the construction experience and innovation in the diverse model design, combination of the traditional and emerging technologies, the online digital resource development, and the research project integration. The platform has played an important role in the teaching practice of many courses and students’ scientific and technological innovation activities, and students’ engineering thinking, innovation ability, design ability and independent learning ability have been well exercised and improved.

The space optical payload experiment needs to be carried out in the environment with clean, dark and apposite temperature, humidity and pressure conditions. In order to make the simulated experimental conditions closer to the space environment, especially the light environment, a set of multi-parameter sensing system, which is suitable for space optical payload imaging and stray light testing, is established for the real-time monitoring of data (dust particle count, ambient light distribution, temperature, humidity and air pressure) in the class thousand clean laboratory. Based on the LabVIEW controlling program, the sensors are managed through serial communication, and the environmental condition data are collected, stored and comprehensively analyzed. Tests show that the monitoring system is capable of real-time monitoring and comprehensive analysis for dust particles and atmospheric condition under weak light conditions, and the monitoring capability of test automation of optical load and the reliability of calibration data is improved.