Silver nano-cubes of about 97 nm side-length were synthesized by reducing AgNO3 with ethylene glycol (EG) and used to modulate fluorescence intensity of Rhodamine B (RhB). The RhB (probe molecules) powder was dissolved into PMMA solution with different PMMA concentrations, which resulted in RhB doped PMMA films with different thickness. The distance between Ag nano-cubes and the fluorescence molecules and distribution of Ag nano-cubes has important influence on the fluorescence emission. The fluorescence spectrums show the enhancement and quenching effect with different thickness of PMMA film. The largest fluorescence enhancement factor (EF) is 56 for the structure of Ag nano-cubes absorbed on the RhB doped PMMA film as the thickness of PMMA is 10 nm. The confocal-images also verified the fluorescence enhancement. The EF is influenced by the distribution of silver nano-cubes on the PMMA film from the confocal-images. So the biggest EF can be obtained by optimizing the distance between silver nano-cubes and the fluorescence molecules or by tuning the distribution of silver nano-cubes, which may be used to single molecule detection. The experiment results have potential application in fluorescence based bio-sensing or bio-imaging.

The effect of ultraviolet photoirradiation on the azo-bent-core liquid crystal electronic structure and the optical properties was studied by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry observation and electronic structure calculation. The optical absorption spectrum showed that two optical absorption peaks appear at about 360 nm and 275 nm which originated from electronic transitions of azo-chromophores indicated by electronic calculation. The result showed that nitrogen double bonds in the azo-containing liquid crystal can be broken when it is exposed to 365 nm irradiation which caused the absorption, decreasing rapidly at 360 nm and increasing accordingly at 275 nm, and which indicated the occurring of photo-dissociation.

Theoretically, the sampling rate of Hadamard transform ion mobility spectrometry (HT-IMS) spectra was optimized by changing the sampling data points. By adding white noise of simulation, the effect of improving signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of spectra of the proposed approach and its influence on the resolution were analyzed. Preliminary results show that it can retrieve the IMS spectra by sampling at least 8 data points within a single ion gate width of 0.4 ms. The SNR of the spectra using Hadamard transform approach is 15.8 times as large as that of conventional IMS spectra, as well is 4.6 times as large as that of the spectra acquired by averaging multiple conventional spectra with the same sampling time. The transformational process has no obvious influence on the resolution of the IMS spectra. The simulation of HT-IMS not only provides theoretical evidences to choose and optimize sampling rate and so on, but also establishs the software foundation for next experimental control and transformation.

The design theory of large aperture and wide spectrum refracting collimator was introduced. The refracting collimator system of the suitable glass materials, original configuration selection, and power allocation was discussed with the wavelength range of 400～1100 nm, the focal length of 2000 mm and the relative aperture of 0.1. Based on the modified relative partial dispersion P and Abbe number V, the apochromatic equations was calculated to solve the initial structure, and then the final design was optimized in the whole spectral range by Zemax software. Finally, results show that the spot diagram is better than 5 μm within the center field of view, central wavelength of wavefront aberration is better than 1/60λ and the maximum focal shift range is less than 0.33 mm, and the remaining aberrations are well revised in the design index.

Integral time is the key factor to determine infrared focal plane arrays (IRFPA) imaging quality. In order to solve the problem that a infrared measurement system can’t real-time determine the optimal integration time, an IRFPA integral time adaptive predictive method based on radiation calibration and human visual characteristics was brought forward. Supposing the target and background in two consecutive frames don’t change, the information of target and background during the other integral time can be computed by combining with the results of prior radiation calibration and the information of target and background. Then, the optimal integral time can be determined automatically by the judgment based on human visual characteristics and tracking criterion. Experimental results show that the method can rapidly predict the optimal integral time, and make the image in the middle of the IRFPA response linear region. The method can not only ensure the image quality but also be conducive to the target initial capture and stable tracking.

The fiber-based femtosecond optical frequency comb has great potential in the field of fundamental physics and precision measurement. An experimental apparatus for precise control of the fiber-based femtosecond optical frequency comb was discribed. The system was combined with a digital charge-pump phase-locked loop (CPPLL) and a temperature stabilizer. The optical comb system was buit of which the repetition frequency Frep is 129 MHz and the carrier-envelope offset (CEO) frequency Fceo is about 33 MHz. The frequency comb was locked with the standard signal provided by the agilent PSG analog signal generator. The locked state can be maintained over 1 day. The standard deviation of repletion frequency was 0.78 mHz which is the same order of magnitude with reference, and the standard deviation of CEO frequency can be 8.98 Hz.

In the condition of non-rotating wave approximation, Nakajima transform was used to make a unitary transformation of the two-level system Hamiltonian, and coupling condition is broadened appropriately to calculate Zeno time in a much broader range in order to study the effect of non-rotating wave item on Zeno time in a two-level system. Calculating results show that Zeno time is in inverse proportion to the energy interval of the two-level system, which turns out to be more accurate compared with that with rotating wave approximation. In addition, only when compared in the same type of physical model can quantum Zeno time be more accurately described.

The propagation properties of Airy beams passing through an EIT vapor were investigated. The analytical expression of Airy beam passing ABCD system of the EIT vapor was deduced and employed to analyze the propagating quantity of the beam. It is shown that both the deflection position and intensity of Airy beam can be modulated by Rabi frequency of the control light. Such a tunable optical behavior may have some potential applications in biomedical science and optical manipulation.

In order to solve the problem of quantum satellite communications handover in low earth orbit (LEO), the algorithm of quantum satellite communication handover in low earth orbit based on entanglement degree computing was proposed. After influence of the distance of quantum satellite and mobile terminal and quantum noise, this algorithm obtained the entanglement of two subsystems when environment have the quantum decoherence in quantum systems and always choose the satellite which have the maximal entangled degree to complete real-time handover. Simulation results show that the handover success rate of this algorithm can achieve more than 95% in both 700 km and 1400 km with some entanglement degree, and it is important that it can achieve smooth handover of quantum satellite. It is important supporting role in building the future global quantum communication system and developing standards.

A scheme was proposed based on two levels of polarizing beam splitter (PBS) to purify relaying problem in the remote transmission process of quantum signaling. Three polarizing beam splitters were divided into two stages, the first stage including one splitter and the second stage including another two splitters. The three splitters make a new pair of entangled states after mixed-state quantum signaling going through two stages PBS. Using the new entangled states to replace the original mixed state would achieve the purpose of purification. The result shows that the entanglement purification method can purify quantum signaling effectively and it is applied well in many fields and easy to be operated. The scheme has certain technical reference for the future of transmission in quantum communication of signaling.

Geometric quantum discord is a measure of quantum correlations. Combining quantum entanglement and geometric quantum discord, the comparison of quantum correlations of two-qubits initially in X-state was investigated in non-Markovian process by using analytical and numerical methods. The results show that in some initial states, both the concurrence and geometric quantum discord decay because of existence of the dissipation environments. However, the geometric quantum discord damps more slowly than concurrence does, which shows that the survival time of geometric quantum discord is longer than that of the entanglement. In other words, geometric quantum discord is more robust than entanglement to against the relaxation processes. Therefore, the quantum correlation is also a useful resource to realize quantum information processing.

A new quantum private comparison (QPC) protocol using Bell states and Bell entanglement swapping was proposed and analyzed. In the proposed protocol, Bell states were used as the quantum resources, and further Bell measurements and entanglement swapping were performed as the main operations for dealing with the private comparison of equal information without revealing their information content. The third part(TP) prepares Bell states and decoy photons, then inserts the decoy photons to sequences which he want to send to users for security. Users don’t need to carry out any local unitary operations and only need to perform Bell measurements, then they send their sequences after coding their private information respectively. TP can achieve the comparison of two bits of classical information by simple calculation. Finally, TP announced the result of the comparison. In addition, the correctness and security of our protocol were discussed.

The fault tolerant reversible Hamming code circuits were designed in order to test the reliability of the data in the transmission process. A new reversible gate named four variables parity preserving gate (FVG) was proposed, and the quantum equivalent implementations of FVG was also given. Fault tolerant reversible code encoding and detection circuits were designed using FVG and existing gates. Taking the design of the (7, 4) Hamming code as an example, its circuit performance was evaluated in terms of quantum cost and delay. The results prove that its performance is improved by 10% to 20% than existing counterparts. Simulation results indicate that the logic structures of circuit are correct and their performances are reliable.

A photonic crystal fiber was analyzed which produces birefringence by changing the refractive index of the cladding radial holes and the influence of geometric symmetry on the birefringence feature of this fiber was compared. The finite element method was used in the data analysis of features such as the electric-field distribution, normalized birefringence and polarization of the fundamental mode of the fiber. The results implied that the birefringence feature of the photonic crystal fiber can be controlled by adjusting the medium refractive index of cladding radial holes, diameter of an air hole and space size between the cladding air holes. If the fiber’s geometric structure and refractive index of the radial holes are changed at the same time, the birefringence effect will increase with a result of a higher order of magnitude than ordinary polarization-maintaining fiber. This result provides theoretical basis for design and manufacturing of the photonic crystal fiber.

The complete synchronization between two nonlinear Chua circuits due to linear coupling was investigated based on Lyauponov stability theory. It was confirmed that the linear controllers are reliable by constructing the exponential Lyapunov function, and the effectiveness of this scheme was confirmed by the numerical results. The transient period for complete synchronization and averaged power consumption of controller are associated with the selection of coupling intensity.

With the continuous progress and development of science and technology, more and more new composite materials were used in the industrial manufacturing process. Because the damage of composite materials during service will lead to huge losses, it is very important for structural health monitoring of composite materials. Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor technology was used in the detection of glass fiber composite sheet. Glass fiber composite was incented using active impact way, and impulse response signal before and after the injury was collected. Based on the wavelet packet energy spectrum, the impact response of the damage identification was realized by wavelet packet decomposition, and the histogram of wavelet energy spectrum changes ratio before and after the injury was obtained. By comparing each order wavelet packet energy ratio, the damage identification of the glass fiber composite was realized.

Simulated performance of space-borne wind lidar between 355 nm and 532 nm based on double-edge Fabry-Perot and iodine filter were compared respectively . The comparison and analysis included emitted photon number, atmospheric backscattering, detector, filters and wind measurement sensitivity. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and wind measurement error were calculated to assess the lidar systems’ performance. The results showed that when altitude ranges from 0 to 5 km, the wind measurement error of iodine filter system at 532 nm is lower than that of double-edge Fabry-Perot system at 355 nm, while for higher altitude, measurement error of double-edge Fabry-Perot system is 25% lower than iodine filter system.

C# and Matlab for the design of lidar echo data acquisition and inversion software were presented. With friendly user interface, C# was used to call the DLL format shared library compiled by function files written in Matlab. The existing atmospheric lidar echo data were applied as an example and the processing results show that this method can improve computing speed and programming efficiency. The software system can be effectively used in the data acquisition and system monitoring. Echo data were preprocessed efficiently with high precision. The retrieving extinction coefficient and echo energy accumulation were processed and displayed dynamically in real time. By adjusting algorithm parameters, it can also be used for other kind of lidar signal processing systems.

The classification of noise in the returned signal of residual turbulent scintillation(RTS) lidar was introduced. Based on changing condition of experimental status, the amplitude and variance of different sum of the baseline of A/D card, amplifier, PMT, background noise and shot noise were acquired. By comparison of different noise, it is found that the baseline of amplifier is primary and background noise is small when telescope doesn’t receive atmospheric scattering signal. When telescope receives scattering signal, the shot noise is primary in near range (2 km for near channel and 4 km for far channel), and is small in far range. The experiment results show different impact of different noise on total noise, and so are instructive on acquiring atmospheric turbulence form returned signal of RTS lidar, as well as reducing influence of noise on effective signal.

Based on the modified nonlinear Schrdinger equation, the evolution equations for parameters of super-Gaussian pulse with different factor of sharpness was derived under the influence of dispersion(the second-order and high-order) and nonlinearity (the third-order and quintic) by using variational method, and the evolution equations were calculated by using Runge-Kutta algorithm. The numerical results indicate that when the coefficients of dispersion and nonlinearity are small, there always exist coefficients of the third-order and the quintic nonlinearity that can compensate the influence of broadening on super-Gaussian pulse caused by the second-order and high-order dispersion effectively, in this case, the super-Gaussian pulse can transmit conformally. When the ratio of dispersion and nonlinearity is too big, the pulse is broadened infinitely.