Plans of armed helicopter ammunitions are discussed systematically through description of the function of the armed helicopters in modern wars. Current situation, future development and related key techniques of airborne ammunitions of air to ground missile, air to air missile and aircraft guidance rocket are mainly analyzed. Furthermore the trend of domestic armed helicopter airborne weapon system is presented.

Photoelectrical countermeasure is a new branch of photoelectrical technology with the extensive application in the military field, and soft-killing weapon plays an important role in this orientation,especially in the high technology war. The soft-killing weapon aims at destroying the photoelectrical system and blinding or half-blinding the enemy. The mechanism and prospect of the soft-killing weapon are presented.

With the development of space technique, the tactical function of space weapon system becomes more and more important. Through introducing the principle, characteristic and technical parameters of space-based lasers, a constellation of space-based lasers for ballistic missile defense is designed. Then, the campaign capability of different laser constellations for ballistic missile defense is analyzed. The key problems for domestic development of space-based lasers are also put forward.

A method of extracting manmade object from natural background is presented. Operators of difference orientations based on image gray separated a image into some sub-images of different orientations. Post processing of every sub-image made these sub-images construct different difference orientations collection of line segment. Structure grammar based on local area of collection of line segmentation and geometric element and number of classes of geometric element could extract manmade object from natural background. This algorithm could be developed as real-time hardware trackors applied to automatic target capture. Finally, experimental results show that this method can extract manmade object in infrared image under conditions of complicated background and low contrast, and the correct detection ratio is more than 95%.

The scene model of infrared small target image was established, and the characteristics of image pretreatment were analyzed under this condition. Based on the characteristics, the pretreatment technologies were classified. In order to evaluate results of pretreatment, two definitions of signal-to-noise ratio and background suppression factor were given. The experimental results indicate that different pretreatment methods can be applied to different images. In order to get good pretreatment effects, the appropriate pretreatment method should be selected according to the image characteristics.

The research of face classification achieves people's attention with increasing of face database. In front-view images, chin contour is a relatively stable shape feature, but it is hard to extract by conventional edge-detection methods due to the complexity of grayscale distribution in chin area. A novel algorithm for chin contour extraction and a face classification method using chin contour are presented. Three chin templates were constructed and the template matching was done. Chin classification was achieved according to the matching results, and then face classification results were got. Based on prior distribution and local decision, the possible points of chin contour were got using the algorithm. The false points were deleted by filtering and the other points were joined to get chin contour. Then we classified them by template matching. Experimental results show that we can get good classification results of chins and faces by this algorithm, which is good enough to improve the recognition rate and speed on huge face database.

In order to solve the problem of detecting moving small targets in low-contrast infrared image sequences, a new detection method based on multilevel filter is proposed. First of all, for small targets which had certain space distribution scope(≤5×5), frequency characters of target, noise and background were analyzed in detail in terms of the gray distribution model of target, noise and background. Therefore, the conclusion was got. Background was relatively dominant in low frequency part, target was viewable in middle frequency part and noise was more obvious in high frequency part in the frequency domain in terms of Fourier transform. The frequency scope of various sizes of target could be estimated by the Fourier transform of GATE function. Then various sizes of candidate targets could be distinguished from complex background by different level filters. Real targets could be detected by properly processing these images which contain targets.

In order to choose an objective evaluation criterion which is always consistent with the subject evaluation criteria in the complicated conditions, some criteria are analyzed and compared in this paper. Through calculating the mutual information between source images and fused images, the fusion performance are evaluated. This method has the characters of simple, precise and anti-jamming. Furthermore, infrared image and visible image are merged. Compared with other evaluation criteria methods, the experimental results show that mutual information is better.

Radar and IR image sensor both have disadvantages because of their intrinsic characters. For improving the target tracking performance, an IMM target tracking algorithm is proposed to synthesize the information from both of them. In this algorithm, IR image was processed by digital image processing technology firstly. Then its result was fused with the radar information in the algorithm of IMM target tracking. At last, the final tracking result was got through distribution method. This algorithm can reduce operating time and improve the tracking precision.

Conventional Kalman filter(TTF) based on information fusion includes two methods—state vector fusion and measurement fusion. The conventional measurement has lower estimation error but a higher computational time. A kind of MTF model is provided which gives a better state estimation. An example is given to prove that this model has better performance and less computational time than the conventional method.

This paper is based on the construction of the infrared static parameter test systems,which is designed to test modulation transfer function (MTF) of IR imaging systems. The fundamental theories of the canted slit-method to the measurements of MTF are analyzed. The testing method and steps are also given.After analyzing the method of data processing, the testing results and compared data corresponding to this method are provided. At last, the factors that influence accuracy and characters of the test system are also discussed.

The gradient-index strip waveguide coupler is introduced in this paper. Its principle and configuration were analyzed carefully and design equations were set up. Because a SOA's mode-dimension and emission-angle could be converted with a selected direction by a gradient-index strip waveguide coupler, a high-efficient fiber-chip coupling application was realized,and the minimum coupling loss was less than 3 dB.The graded index strip waveguide coupler could be used to replace a cylindrical lens sometimes due to their equivalent optical properties.

To improve the detecting sensitivity of CCD image sensors,the design method and the fabrication technology of 516×516 element microlens array on fused silica substrate are introduced briefly. The test data indicate that the microlens array has perfect surface profile,good uniformity and optical performance. Consequently the fill factors of microlens array increase greatly.

Observing the diameter of hole in interpretation lens directly affects observing effect of all kinds of target in aviation image. Hardware and software scheme of automatic measurement are given based on circular aperture Fraunhofer diffraction and highspot of series outbound signal of linear array CCD. At last, experimental analysis proves that this method is scientific and practical.

Theory and character of Integrated PCI-1394 bridge chip TSB43AA22 are presented. The design of hardware and software of PCI-1394 interface card are also introduced. Using this integrated physical and link layer controller chip, PC can be connected to all kinds of 1394 video and audio devices according to 1394 bus.

The energy level structure and the spectral characteristic of a novel laser crystal Yb:YAB(Yb:YAl(BO3)4) are analyzed, and the analytic expressions of the laser output with CW end-pumping are achieved.The dependence of the output laser intensity and threshold on the temprerature, the effective optical length of the crystal and the reflectivity of the output coupler are discussed.

It is an important task to study the passive Q-switching used in DPL high power pumped. The theory of the passive Q-switching is discussed. When DPL was pumped by high power, the characteristics of output plus series were evaluated as the function of the argument T_0, which was small-signal transmittance. The results are shown by the curves that plus width and repetition rate increase and peak power decreases,when small-signal transmittance increases. The comparison results of passive Q-switching and one of A-O Q-switching show that passive Q-switching is applicable to DPL high power pumped.

Based on thermo-elastic theory, an analytic model is developed for determining the laser fluence required to damage a series of thin glass disks which serve as transmissive optical components. In particular, the dependence of threshold fluence on laser beam diameter and mechanical boundary conditions of samples is investigated. Study shows that beam diameter effect in material response results from the energy loss of the irradiated area. As for structural response, different mechanical boundaries result in different relationships of LIDT(laser induced damage threshold) with radius of laser beam. It is also found that mechanical boundaries have great influence on LIDT even if beam diameter is fixed, and optimal boundary under which tensile stress is eliminated is available theoretically when particular compressive boundary is applied.

Power propagation equations of multi-pumped fiber Raman amplifier (FRA) were reasonably simplified, and multi-step average power method was applied to compute composite Raman gain of multi-signal in dense wavelength division multi-plexed system (DWDM) amplified by multi-pumped FRA. Based on such a simple and effective model, the influence of the number, input power and wavelength distribution of multi-pump on Raman gain was researched. The rules of implementing the ultra broad and flat Raman gain bandwidth were analyzed. All simulation and analysis provided valuable references for the application of multi-pumped FRA in DWDM system.

Light Emitting Diode (LED) has many advantages, such as little volume, light weight, low power consumption, long life, high reliability and quick response speed. It can be used as the luminous device of many beacons which are widely applied to indicating lamp, display screen, traffic guidance and production automation. In this paper, the operating range formula of LED is deduced. For the observation equipment used in common, the further analysis on LED's application is also completed. If the camera with minimum luminosity of 0.02 lux and middle resolution is used as observation equipment, the operating range of LED with radiation power of 6mW and semiapex angle of 25° can be more than 1.5km. The experimental results have verified the correctness of the theory analysis.

A new instrument and a method concerning measurement of pulsed laser multi-parameters are proposed by one sample, based on a bunch of single-mode fibers which are designed serial number with different lengths. Its advantages are high damage threshold and real temporal-spatial domain sample, and a large of attenuation without aberration. By an O-E probe with a big sense area, the laser signal from the bunch of fibers transforms a list of electrical waveforms that could be real-time displayed on digital storage oscilloscope, which would measure real-time for laser parameters of single pulse. Meanwhile, several designs are presented.

Iterative blind deconvolution algorithm is always used to image restoration in aero-optics. These corresponding programmes are coded. The restoration image and the corresponding point spread function(PSF) of aero-optics effect degradation model are gained. In addition, to improve the global convergence of IBD algorithm, the conjugate gradient (CG) algorithm is tried to revise.

In this paper, an optimal estimation of the embedding strength for the digital image watermark is discussed. Under the assumptions that the original image data are an i.i.d. random sequence from a Guassian distribution, it's shown that this embedding strength should be estimated by observing the averages of the watermarked image and briefly calculating between them. The approach is based on maximum-likelihood estimation of the watermark embedding strength. The experimental results show that this method is effective for watermark extraction. Moreover, according to the addition, multiplication and fusion embedding rules, their performances are compared and analyzed using PSNR. The conclusions obtained by experiments are useful to future research.

A new method for image segmentation based on Immune Genetic Algorithm (IGA) is presented in this paper. Utilizing functions of self-adaptive, antigen recognition and memory of immune system, this method has combined with genetic algorithm to segment image. The experimental results indicate that this new approach is effective for image segmentation, which overcomes the limit of object comparing with other traditional ways.

The license image has geometric distortion because of several factors, such as camera location, camera distortion etc. It is difficult to recognize the license. To solve this problem, a series of image rectification procedure which utilize geometric rectification theory in vehicle license recognition system are pointed out. Firstly vehicle license was located and the edge detection and binary conversion were executed. Then real-time calibration was proceeded in which we used the calibration scheme to look for control point coordinate based on the Hough transform and image analysis method. Finally image correction was realized in geometrical transform and bilinear gray interpolation method. The experimental result affirms that this method is effective to the image of vehicle license.

Energy centroid algorithm is mostly used in center location of light spot, which is effected by the intensity distribution distortion of received light spot compared with that of light source. A distortion model is constructed, and a correcting factor is introduced. The related correcting algorithm is proposed, which modifies the conventional centroid algorithm. The correcting process applied in satellite laser communication is described. Computer simulation verifies that, under some factual circumstance, the angle deviations resulting from neglecting the asymmetrical attenuation of laser illumination can exceed 109″. Therefore, in satellite laser communication, correcting factor introduced improves the locating and tracking precision and the channel reliability.