Perturbation theory and analytic formulas are presented for modal analysis of step-index and graded-index multilayer planar waveguides. As examples, the dependence of guided modal gain/loss on structure parameters and polarization are discussed. The method is simpler and time saving than complex shooting method for solving complex eigenvalues, and can give accurate results for practical planar structures in semiconductor lasers and laser amplifiers. It can be appled to the analysis of influence of material gain/;pss coefficients of TE and TM modes and their modal gain.

The theoretical study on optical characteristics of multilayer optical waveguides with complex dielectric constants involves great quantities of computation to sovle the complex transcendental eigenvalue equation. In this paper an improved and generalized formula for calculating the complex modal refractive indeces of guided modes is presented. In combination with iteration method very exact results can be capidly obtained even for high loss or high gain structrues. The procedure is illustrated on 4 layer

We report a method for fabricating Rb/Ba ion exchanged optical waveguides in Z cut KTiOPO 4 (KTP). The ideal mol% ration of Rb/Ba is presented, and optical damage sensitivity and lattice constant changes in optical waveguided layer are measuring. Experimental results show that the optical damage sensitivity is of (1.2～2.3)×10 -10 cm 2/J and independent of the constant of Ba and Heat treatment. Lattice constant changes Δc/c is in the range of 0.42%～0.25%, it decreased with increased additional constant of Ba.

The model of stochastic gain variation is built for a dark soliton transmission system, and the influence is studied of the stochastic gain variation on time jitters of the dark soliton. The results show that the stochastic gain variation apparently leads to the time jitters in arrival, and reduces the capacity of dark soliton transmission system. The nonlinear gain can suppress effectively the influence.

When light propagates in a single mode fiber, it may acquire additional phase corresponing to the geomerical configuration of the fiber. In this paper we report the observation of such geometrical phase at single photon level to manifest the quantum origination of the geometical phase.

A closed loop fiber optic gyroscope (FOG) system with hybrid structure is proposed and developed. The structure characteristic of the system and the signal detecting method and the influence of the system from feedback signal are analyzed. This system possesses low loss and long term drift. The 300 deg/s dynamic range and less than 300×10 -6 scale factor error can be realized.

A new three dimensional holographic disk scheme based on the spatioangular multiplexing is proposed. The principle and feasibility of this scheme are analysed by using a simplified ray optics method. It is shown that this scheme has potential applications for implementing holographic storage with a high capacity and high data transfer rate, as well as a relatively simple read/write system.

A new method for making a thin silver halide phase holographic grating with an expectation phase modulation is proposed. The optimum exposure parameter can be obtained by analysing the data of the holographic grating which was made at the first step. Then the subsequent thin phase holographic gratings with expectation phase modulation can be made under the same experimental conditions as in the first step. The theoretical analysis and some applications of this method are discussed.

The basic ideas and technique for recording using grating and retrieving full color images with panchromatic black and white film were presented in 1899. Since then, this technique has undergone much suffering. At the early stage, some authors used color images to modulate spatial carriers, i. e., gratings, which is analogous to the method of using temporal signals to modulate temporal carriers in electronics. After ten years, few people paid attention to this filed of research. Things remained like that for nearly half a century. In this period, a comparatively important result in this respect was recoding color information on a black and white film with three colored filters and three gratings of different azimuthal orientations in three exposures and reconstructing the transparency thus obtained into a full color image. In the sixties, interest in this technique was aroused again and some importent achievements appeared, including a snapshot method for color encoding using a tricolor grating and design for and manufacture of cameras implementing this snapshot method. Successful field tests of this color method was conducted for both military applications and television news. Another important achievement in the late sixties was that the importance of maintaining a linear relation between total input exposure and amplitude transmittance of the processed film during recording was realized and analyzed in detail. And good decoding systems were put forward based on Fourier optics. But since the early eighties, especially the mid eighties, almost nobody has taken an interest in this field of research and no important progress has been made. This technique's many practical drawbacks and the development of the highly practical tripack color films make this technique almost obsolete. Except that it still has some applications in multiple image storage and multispectral photography, it is no match for modern color photography in both quality and price.

Some novel basic optical units to produce fractional Fourier transforms are suggested, which are constructed by one Fresnel transform and one lens. It augments an alternation for the available models in optical designing. For a given lens, they can perform some fractional Fourier transforms that can not be implemented by Lohmann′s setup composed of one lens.

A structure of the optical banyan interconnection network using TN liquid crystal light modulations and polarized beam splitter are discussed. The structure has many advantages, such as directly transmission, no aligned error, no zooming, and can realize modularization and integration.

The polarization of signal readout system in dual beam magnetooptical storage is analyzed with Jones matrix. The formula of readout signal is deduced. The effects of phase retardation of polarized beam splitter and magnetooptical disk substrate are discussed.

The experimental results of mode locked Nd:YVO 4 laser pumped by a home made laser diode are reported. Pumped by 120 mW, the laser generated the cw mode locked pulse train with 43 ps duration and 7 mW output power. Self amplitude modulation was obserred in the experiment. The fomula of mode locking with self phase modulation was derived.

The Authors report a novel structure of a simple Q switched Er doped fiber laser in which a fiber grating Michelson interferometer is used as a laser cavity mirror. It offers a precise wavelength selecting as well as a feedback reflectivity modulating functions. A stable Q switched fiber laser emitting light at 1545.70 nm with a peak power of 500 mW, repetition rate of 17 kHz and pulse width of 1.3 μs, was successfully demonstrated.

A self-mode-locked Ti:sapphire ring laser system with six mirrors has been constructed. It can generate sequences of femtosecond pulses simultaneously in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions.

Passive mode locking in Nd:YAG laser is demonstrated by using monocrystalline silicon and ultra short pulses with pulse width of 28 ps and energy of 3 μJ approximately are obtained. The mechanism of the mode locking is analysed.

The far-field distribution of two practical diode lasers are measured accurately, and the comparison of the measured data with the calculated results is made based on a new far-field model of diode lasers. It is shown that the new model agrees quite well with the practical devices.

A calculation method of Judd Ofelt parameter and hence the fluoresence life time, fluoresence branching ratio and averaged emission cross section by the absorption spectral measurements in three perpendicular directions and the results for biaxial crystal Nd 3+ :KGd(WO 4) 2 are presented. The fluorescence life time was calculated as 119 μs and the averaged emission cross section as 2.3×10 -19 cm 2.

Intensity dependent absorption in doped KNSBN crystals have been studied. Light induced absorption and transparency in Co:KNSBN and heavy reduced Co:KNSBN have been experimentally measured. Light induced absorption increases and reaches a saturate value of 6.5 cm -1 in heavy reduced Co:KNSBN crystal. Light induced absorption decreases and reaches a saturate value of 3.2 cm -1 in Co:KNSBN crystal. The transparent intensity of probe beam present a oscillation behavior when the pump beam switch off in heavy reduced Co:KNSBN crystal. These behaviors are explained by a theory of two types of charge carriers with multiple traps. Finally, we predict that the light induced absorption and transparency should be useful for making spatial intensity distributions more homogeneous and incoherent signal amplification.

The quantum correlated twin beams have bean generated by an optical parametric oscillator with a pair of KTP crystals, the total power of the output twin beams is 23 mW at the pump power of 300 mW. he quantum noise reduction of 50% (3 dB) in the intensity difference between the twin beams was observed near 1.25 MHz.

The multiwave mixing effect in the azobenzene compounds was observed by means of three dimensional degenerate four wave mixing geometry. Except for three pump beam spots, the symmetrical 14 spots arrayed on the output screen was observed firstly. The signal spots were thought to be induced by cascaded effect. The qualitative theoretical explanation based on multiwave mixing and weak beam amplification effect has been given. The phenomenon will be used widely in optical computing, image process and optical interconnect.

By solving the 1 dimensional time dependent Schrodinger equation, the effects of laser frequency and two colour coherence fields on high order harmonic generation (HOHG) of atom under the same laser intensity are studied. The results show that with higher laser frequency, one can get lower order harmonics but higher conversion efficiency; with lower laser frequency, get higher order harmonics but lower conversion efficiency; with two colour laser fields, both the harmonic order and conversion efficiency are raised obviously. With the first harmonic and its second harmonic the even order harmonics can be obtained.

The theoretical model of the Maxwell fish eye sphere lens has long been regarded as an absolute optical instrument without practical application since it was proposed. But the study on the theory of Maxwell fisheye microspheric lens shows that on certain condition it has fine image formation ability and coupling efficiency. Through multiple stage ion exchange technology, Maxwell fish eye microspheric lens of high quality could be produced, which has a promising practical application in micro optics and integrated optics.

A novel quasi monochromatic depolarizerimproved Lyot depolarizer was fabricated and analysed in detail. Three conditions for effective depolarization were concluded: 1) retardance of the depolarizer should be large enough; 2) the optical pupil or the wedge angle of the crystal should be large enough; 3) angle between two crystal′s optical axes should be 45°. The experimental results indicated that, for arbitrary incident quasi monochromatic polarized light (±10 nm) ranging of 400～800 nm, the average residual polarization degree is less than 1.2% after depolarized by this depolarizer.

Using phase balance design method and the accumulating integral method, the Binary Optical Microlenses (BOML) is designed and used in high density grating wavelength division multiplexers with the working wavelength of 1.536～1.564 μm and the channel spacing of 4 nm. The phase structure of the binary optical microlenses and the diffraction far field distribution at the end of the receiving fibers are calculated. The loss resulted from the microlenses when the single mode and the multi mode receiving fiber are used, and the ratio of the fundamental modes excited in the multi mode receiving fiber for eight channels are discussed.

On the basis of the theory of Gaussian light beams transmission, the analytical equation is derived to calculate the insertion loss and backward isolation of Wedge type optical isolator. The relationships between isolation, insertion loss and declined angle of birefrective crystal and distance of two birefrective crystals are obtained respectively. The factors of influencing insertion loss and isolation of optical isolator are analysised. Exprimental results agree with theoretical analysis.

1.5 μm waveguide acoustooptic tunable filter has been stuidied and fabricated. The SAW waveguide is used to reduce the RF driving power. Tunable optical filtering was realized over the whole 1.5～1.6 μm range. Optical band width of the device is with in 2 nm. The RF driving power need to obtain 97% conversion efficiency is nearly 80 mW(19 dBm) and the device total insertion loss is about 9 dB.

The effects of fusion and tapering conditions on biconical taper fiber filters are studied experimentally. A Gaussian profile model for the prediction of fiber taper shape is presented. We have fabricated the passband fiber filter with narrow band (3 dB width 4 nm), and band regection fiber filters with central band rejection wavelengthes of 1553 nm(loss -6.6 dB) and 1559 nm (loss -19.6 dB), respectively.

The waveplates are used in the laser technology and the polarization microscope often in oblique incident beam. The accurate formulas of phase shift and polarization aberration are presented. The formulas are very important calculating accurately the tuning curve of waveplates and polarization aberration of polarization microscope. The calculations show that if the azimuth angle of crystal is selected properly, the phase shift of waveplates and the ellipticity of polarized light change with incident angle can be greatly decreased.

By using the improved method of measuring the reflectance ratio of p polarization, the incident angle versus the reflectance ratio was obtained. The optical profile of surface layer on a K9 glass is investigated with a new computing model of surface layer.

Application of Raman free electron laser for investigating the target scattering is presented. A free electron laser has advantages of high power and frequency tunable at millimeter. The preliminary results of experimental measurement are obtained.

The experimental and theoretical results of the time coherent length estimated for soft X ray beam are given in the Hefei National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory using a Fresnel zone plate as a dispersion element and an aperture to reduce the line width.

The image formation of luminor body by lens is studied using geometrical optics. Considering the contributions due to viewed cone centred on the object point and extending through the luminnor body, the distribution of intensity in the image plane can be expressed by the integration of emitted powers of luminor body over the entire sightline under the paraxial approximation. Then following results obtained: 1) the contribution of emitted power in any plane perpendicular to the sightline is all the same. 2) the relative level of the intensity fluctuations measured by detector is smaller than the true value due to the integration, but the emission fluctuations of luminor body can be reconstructed under some conditions.

In this paper, we study the time evolution of population number and dipole squeezing of an atom in multiphoton Jaynes Cummings model for a high Q cavity filled with the Kerr-Like medium. The influences of coupling constant χ and dituning Δ on the atomic system action are disscused emphatically.

The fluctuations of the measured phase operators in the thermal squeezed states are calculated with the aid of thermo field dynamics. Two kinds of fundamental quantum mechanical fluctuation are introduced, one is associated with two quadrature components of measured phase, an other is associated with one quadrature component of measured phase and photon number. From these, we investigate two kinds of squeezing of fluctuations for measured phase in thermal squeezed states and their relations to temperature.

The possibility of temperature measurement with excitation spectra is studied theoretically and demonstrated experimentally. By choosing EuCl 3·6H 2O powder as sample and choosing 7F1→5D0 magnetic dipole transition of trivalent rare earth europium ion, temperature of the sample is determined with excitation spectra. Measured errors less than 0.6% for temperature below 290 K. The suitable temperature range that can be measured with this experiment setup and sample is from 40 K to 330 K. Further work on improving measurement accuracy and on extending temperature range is suggested.

The changes of Raman spectrum and optical second harmonic generation of C 60 films deposited on quartz glass substrate by exposing to the air are studied. According to the experimental results, we suggest that C 60 molecules in the air undergo polymerization and oxidation.

The applied condition, uncountered difficulties and algorithum of the deconvolution technique used for acquiring a high resolution atmospheric Rayleigh Mie spectrum are discussed in detail. It is explained that why original spectrum lineshap can be reconstructed on the relax condition of signal to noise ratio of 20. We also discussed the feasibility and way of a lower spetrum resolution analyser used for a high speccture resolution.