The phase drift leads to low exposure contrast in interference lithography system. In order to effectively suppress the phase drift of interference fringe, an Acousto-Optic Modulator (AOM) was employed to modulate the frequency of interference beam in real time. The characteristic of phase drift was analyzed, indicating that the main disturbance came from air turbulence with frequency within 0~5 Hz. The relationship between phase drift and exposure contrast was deduced by numerical analysis, and the target phase accuracy of fringe locking system was submitted. In terms of the target accuracy, the experiment devices were picked and the experiment system based on RTX was prepared. Finally the parameter model of system was established by closed-loop identification and a feedback controller was designed, thus realizing the fringe locking function. The experiment results indicated that the low-frequency disturbance ranging from 0 to 5 Hz is suppressed efficiently by the proposed fringe locking system under the control frequency of 400 Hz. The 3σ value of phase drift is within ±0.04 period, which satisfies the exposure contrast requirements of interference lithography.

In order to realize determined fabrication by the Magnetorheological Finishing(MRF), the coordinate origin of removal function was calibrated according to the lowest point of polishing wheel. The generation of removal function and the distribution of removing rate were analyzed. Then the coordinate relationship between the lowest point of polishing wheel and the testing probe was deduced by using a standard cylinder, realizing the precise alignment of optical elements. The removal function was tested on special points of the optics, and the coordinate origin of the removal function derived from the lowest point of the polishing pad was calibrated. Furthermore the calibrating error was analyzed clearly. The calibration experiment was performed on the polishing wheel with a diameter of 360 mm, where a circle plane mirror was fabricated with aqueous magnetorheological fluid made of diamond polishing powder. The precision of calibration is up to 0.030 mm. The result indicates that the proposed calibration method is simple and reliable, therefore can meet the demands of the MRF and establish a strong foundation for MRF in optical fabrications.

In view of the high-altitude atmospheric density fluctuation and the difficulty to identify aerodynamic characteristics of the aircraft in orbit, a technical solution for atmospheric density measurement by lidar based on Rayleigh scattering principle was proposed. The online data of atmospheric density at different distances was acquired through the analysis of the laser backscattering Rayleigh optical cylinder, which was captured by the Electron-Multiplying Charge Coupled Device (EMCCD) in the measuring flow field based on the principle that the density of gas molecules is in direct proportion to Rayleigh scattering intensity. Furthermore the atmospheric density online measuring instrument was developed and calibrated. Experimental and calibration results show that the online measurement precision of atmospheric density is controlled within 5%. The instrument has a promising application in optimization of spacecraft appearance and improvement of aerodynamic identification.

The Ta2O5 thin film is one of the most important high refractive materials in the range from visible to near infrared. This paper researched the optical band gap of the Ta2O5 thin film which was deposited by the Ion Beam Sputtering (IBS). The optical band gap was characterized by the Cody-Lorentz dispersion model. Particularly, the correlations of the band gap and the Urbach with technological parameters were studied respectively. The results show that when the confidence probability is over 95%, the technological parameters are ranked due to their influence coefficients on the band gap as follows: oxygen flow, substrate temperature, and ion beam voltage. Accordingly due to those on the Urbach, the technological parameters are ranked as substrate temperature and oxygen flow. The result provides a method for choosing the key technological parameters to increase the band gap width and reduce the Urbach energy width simultaneously of the Ta2O5 thin film used in the areas of the ultra-low loss thin film and high laser-induced damage threshold thin film.

Aiming at the slow calculation speed both of monochrome transmission based on Beer-Lambert Law and other transmittance models, the absorption features of oxygen A band was analyzed and algorithms of oxygen absorptivity in atmosphere was investigated in order to realize real-time and high-efficient passive ranging of infrared targets. The absorption spectrum and distribution characters for oxygen A band were analyzed. The passive ranging model based on random Malkums mode was built by introducing the random Malkums mode to the calculation of the band average absorptivity of oxygen molecules with the current atmospheric parameters, testing environment and HITRAN database. Then the passive ranging test platform was established for measuring seven different points ranging from 12 to 128 m. Experimental results show that the model is accuracy and the average error of oxygen A band between measured and calculated distances is 1.8% in current atmosphere. The proposed passive ranging algorithms is feasible and can satisfy the system requirements of rapid speed, online, concealing, higher precision, as well as strong anti-jamming.

The inverse Doppler effect in two dimensional photonic crystal with negative index was proved. In order to analysis the phase evolution of light propagated through this effect, the negative refraction was simulated in static photonic crystal by the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method. Subsequently, the Bloch wave along the propagating direction was analyzed based on the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method. Then, the components were retrieved by iFFT method from the filtered spectrum. The phase evolution of each component was analyzed for the extraction of the backward wave component related to the negative refraction. Furthermore, the phase evolution of signal beam and reference beam on the detecting surface was deduced by dividing the continuous movement of the platform into a series of static moment, where the variation of phase difference with time is the beat frequency. These values obtained with this method are closed to the theoretical values, with an error of 20%, which can explain the phase evolution of light in the inverse Doppler effect. The result reveals the phase evolution of the backward wave in photonic crystal, and provides a new way in dealing with the case of light passing through moving objects.

X-ray Luminescence Computed Tomography (XLCT), a novel imaging technique which can obtain anatomical structure and functional information simultaneously, has an important application prospect in early tumor detection and radiotherapy. But due to the less measurement and complex imaging model, the tomography reconstruction always is a challenging problem. This paper presents a gradient algorithm based on Non-monotone Barzilai-Borwein(NBBG) to obtain the optimal solution of the objective. In each iteration, a spectral gradient-projection method approximately was minimized as a least-squares problem with an explicit L1-regularized constraint. The Barzilai-Borwein was employed to get the appropriate updating direction, further to improve the convergence speed of the proposed method. In addition, anonmonotone line search strategy was applied to build the optimal step length, which guarantees global convergence. The combination of nonmonotone line Barzilai-Borwein step length search strategy with spectral projected gradient method not only can ensure the global convergence, but also can reduce the computational cost of selecting exact step-size. From numerical simulation experiments and the physical experiment, the Location Errors(LE) of single target reconstruction based on NBBG are 0.68 and 0.94 mm respectively. Compared with Split Augmented Lagrangian Shrinkage Algorithm(SALSA), NBBG can obtain better results in terms of LE, robustness and efficiency.

In order to overcome the negative influence of elasticity coefficient changeability of force- transmitting medium and directional movement of sliding block on the measurement accuracy of existing fiber Bragg grating (FBG) displacement sensors, a novel sliding type FBG displacement sensor was investigated. Special design and measures were adopted, including perpendicular sliding surface to the constrain face of sliding block, constant-strength beam with altered cross-section, and circular sliding surface of the beam, which enable the sensor to possess anti-interference of directional sliding, high sensitive measurement to beam deflection, and abrasion performance in reciprocating displacement measurement in long-term. The measuring principle of the sensor was deduced and a sensor prototype was manufactured for performance testing. Experimental results demonstrate that displacement sensitivity of the sensor is 20.11 pm/mm in the range of 0—100 mm, and the measuring accuracy is 0.999 5%F.S, which indicate that the sensor is a promising candidate for micro displacement measurement. Moreover the repeatability error and hysteresis error are only 0705% and 0.403% respectively, which demonstrates good creep resistance of the sensor. These excellent performances can satisfy the requirements of high precision and long term stability in structural health monitoring of machinery equipment and civil engineering.

Induced-transparency based on optical resonator structure is usually generated by utilizing double optical resonators. However the induced-transparency is not stable due to the detuning between resonators. In this paper, stable induced-transparency, of which the transmission peak has high transmittance and narrow bandwidths, was achieved by using a single optical resonator. First a single optical resonator self-interference structure was established, and the transmission spectra of the structure were discussed using transfer matrix theory in order to investigate the influence of structural parameters on the transmission spectra. Based on the theoretical results, a single optical resonator self-interference structure with single-mode fiber was fabricated with appropriate structure parameters. Then the experimental system for measuring the transmission spectra of the structure was established. Finally, the applications of the structure were discussed. The experimental results show that the transmission peak with very narrow bandwidths can be obtained by using the single optical resonator induced-transparency. The peak transmittance is 0.62, the bandwidth of the transmission peak is 0.54 MHz, and the product of the transmission peak bandwidth and the length of the waveguide is 6.48 MHz·m. The transmission peak with narrow bandwidth can be applied to filters, optical information processing, high precision optical measurements and detections.

In order to improve the gain and directionality of terahertz communication antenna, a cross-like rings stacked lens antenna was proposed in terahertz atmospheric transmission I window. The lens antenna was consisted of a diagonal horn antenna and a multilayer stacked lens. The diagonal horn antenna was adopted as the primary feed and the multilayer comprised cross-like rings. Far field characteristics of the lens antenna was studied by using Fresnel-Kirchhoff diffraction theory and paraxial approximation. Furthermore, the effects of the full-wave period and the focus diameter ratio on radiation characteristics were analyzed by using variable-controlling approach. The proposed lens antenna was fabricated and experimentally tested. The results show that the proposed lens antenna has common processing methods and axisymmetric radiation patterns. The gain is over 26.4 dB and the 3 dB main lobe beamwidth is lower than 4.8° throughout the whole operation bandwidth from 320 to 380 GHz. The good focusing characteristics and great directionality indicate that the designed lens antenna is qualified for applications in THz wireless communication systems.

To eliminate the serious vignetting phenomenon and to solve the difficulty of choosing a relatively positioning target value problems among CCDs during the radiometric calibration of the whole image plane of the photographic camera with a composite plane array CCD, a method for radiometric calibration of multi-CCDs was proposed. After the dark signal calibration on each pixel, the gray value of the pixel in the vignetting area was revised, and by choosing the appropriate relative calibration target gray value of the whole image plane, the radiometric calibration of the photographic camera with a composite plane array CCD was eventually completed. Through analysis of the gray distribution characteristics of vignetting area, the gray correction method for all kinds of explosion time and radiance was proposed. With calculation of fitting coefficient between each CCD gray value and the input radiance respectively, the coefficient with global minimum fitting error was chosen to calculate the relative calibration target gray value corresponding to radiance. After the radiometric calibration using this method, the non-uniformity of the whole image plane of the photographic camera with a composite plane array CCD is reduced from above 20% to better than 2%, and the accuracy of the absolute calibration is 4.23%. The result indicates that the proposed calibration method is appropriate for the calibration of composite planes array CCD. The accuracy of the calibration satisfies the radiometric calibration requirement of aerial cameras.

A composite sliding mode control method, which was based on the traditional double power sliding mode reaching law method, was adopted for the requirements of low chattering, high-performance and strong robustness on the motion platform of permanent magnet linear synchronous motor precision laser cutting. A variable boundary layer of double power reaching law with sliding mode disturbance observer has been proposed in this paper. The method of variable boundary layer is a trade-off between control precision and chattering reduction, and it inherits the finite time convergence properties of the double power sliding mode reaching law. In order to reduce the conservatism of the system design, a sliding mode disturbance observer based on super-twisting algorithm was used to estimate the unknown disturbance on the system. A power exponent was added in this algorithm and the simulation experiments verified that increasing the value of the power exponent can accelerate the convergence rate of the unknown disturbance estimations. The stability of the closed-loop system was proved by the Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, a laser cutting translation test stage based on PMLSM was built. The experimental results showed that the proposed control method could satisfy the requirements of the system.

In order to realize the ultra-precision grinding of high-gradient thin conformal aspheric on ALON infrared ceramic, the material property of ALON and the structured feature of high-gradient thin conformal aspheric was analyzed firstly. The precision jig was design and the main dimensions were optimized by finite element method. Secondly, the ALON grinding experiments were implemented. The results indicated that although the roughness would reduce with the decrease of workpiece spindle speed and wheel abrasive size, the effect of abrasive size on roughness was more significant. Finally, the ultra-precision grinding procedures were established for ALON high-gradient thin conformal aspheric. The form accuracy PV value of ground ALON workpiece was 2 μm, while the surface roughness was 8.6 nm.

Surface quality of LED sapphire substrate influences epitaxy quality greatly, and further influences the performance of LED devices. After the chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) of slurry including Al2O3 abrasive and SiO2 abrasive of sapphire grinding wafer, finally ultra smooth surface of sub-nanometric roughness was achieved with surface roughness reaching 0.101 nm measured by atomic force microscope (AFM) and atomic step morphology was presented. Using Zygo profiler and AFM to observe the variations of surface of sapphire grinding wafer from being polished by Al2O3 abrasive slurry to SiO2 abrasive slurry, the generation reason of atomic step morphology of sapphire surface was elaborated, and the CMP removal mechanism of the sapphire atomically ultra-smooth surface was proposed. Through controlling the process conditions of sapphire polishing, a-a type and a-b type atomic step periodic morphologies were obtained respectively. The experimental result shows the chemical reaction speed of double-atom layer 6H1, 6H2 of different adsorptive energy between layers is slightly different. When the revolving speed is relatively slower and mechanical effect Rm is slightly weaker than chemical effect, the difference of chemical reaction speed Rc of different double-atom layer is also presented, and mechanical removal only acts on softening double-atom layer with sapphire polishing surface presenting step morphology of different width of a-b type; while when the revolving speed is relatively faster and mechanical effect Rm is slightly stronger than chemical effect, the mechanical removal speed of each double-atom layer is the same with sapphire polishing surface presenting step morphology of the same width of a-a type.

The three-dimensional model of 1/72 LSII nuclear submarine was established using the finite volume method, and the simulation of high-speed rotating propeller and temperature-density stratified seawater were realized combining the frame motion, user defined functions and physical polynomial profile. Based on this model, the influences of factors such as high-speed rotating propeller, temperature-density stratified seawater and high-temperature thermal spray on the heat and mass transfer characteristics of submarine cold-thermal wake were discussed. The results indicate that high-speed rotating propeller induces the increase of backward delay distance of thermal wake and the decreases of sea surface temperature difference. Ignoring the rotation, absolute error and relative error of sea surface temperature difference is 3.23 mK and 52.7% respectively. Cold wake signal is formed by the rise of temperature-density stratified seawater which is disturbed by underwater navigation submarine. Compared with temperature-density uniform seawater, temperature-change area increases significantly and wake temperature difference rises from 6.13 mK to 84 mK. Existence of underwater navigation submarine can be judged by the cold wake characteristics in the upstream sea surface; if submarine exists, its position can be inversed precisely combining the thermal wake characteristics in the downstream sea surface. The above results can provide reference for optimizing the simulation accuracy of submarine cold-thermal wake.

For 3D space assembly of micro-particles, the column cavity assembly of micro-particles with diameter of more than a dozen microns and cavities with diameter of several hundred microns was determined as the research object, and a trans-scale assembly method research of micro-particles in 3D space was developed. Firstly, for the problem that micro-particles are hard to be gripped and released because of micro-force from substrate, the micro-force of micro-particles was analyzed, and a micro-gripper based on theory of vacuum adsorption was designed to grip and release micro-particles. Secondly, for the large-span of size between micro particles and column cavities, its very difficult to realize monitoring of the real-time positions of micro-particles and cavities in assembly process, then a micro-robot system with multi-dimensional visual monitor function was designed and a multi-dimensional visual monitor model was set up to realize on-line monitoring of assembly process of micro-particles and cavities. Lastly, a semi-automatic assembly method of micro-particles and cavities based on multi-dimensional visual monitor model was proposed. Experimental result proves the effectiveness of proposed method, and the aim of putting a micro-particle with diameter of 20 μm into a column cavity with diameter of 200 μm is realized. This method applies to 3D space assembly of micro-particles in micro-electrical-mechanical (MEMS) system fabrication.

To improve the shock reliability of the MEMS inertial switch, a flexible stop structure was proposed. Firstly, the stop collision model was established using the theory of continuous contact force, and the response characteristics of the switch in different stop modes were researched conducting simulation on the model through Simulink. Then, from the perspectives of space-efficient and the stress concentration, the cantilever type and plane micro-spring type stops were discussed and the stop structure was designed. Finally, the switch prototypes were fabricated using the UV-LIGA technology, and the prototypes were tested by the drop hammer shock system. Collision contact force was critical for shock reliability, Simulink simulation result shows that the flexible stop structure can greatly prolong the collision contact time, thus reducing the contact force. At the same time, it also improves the contact bounce phenomenon using flexible stop after collision and the stability of latching. The shock test shows that the cumulative failure distribution function (CDF) of the switch accords with Weibull distribution, with scale parameter (reference acceleration) α=29 600, shape parameter β=8.2. Compared with the MEMS switch without flexible stop, the proposed flexible stop improves the shock resistance of the switch significantly. Modeling, simulation and test of flexible stop provide beneficial reference resources for anti-shock design of MEMS inertial switch.

The meniscus chemical coating technology becomes a very promising new chemical thin-film coating technology after traditional coating technologies such as spin-coating and spray coating due to its merits of large area, low-cost and high efficiency. To meet the requirements of one national major projects on the meter-scale chemical thin film coating of optical component surface, based on the systematical research of the meniscus chemical film coating principal, static and dynamic gluing experiments were respectively conducted, and the relationships among the gluing pressure, the gap between substrate and slit, the material hydrophobicity and the morphology of meniscus were analyzed, then the fine tuning of the meniscus could be achieved and equipment based on the meniscus chemical thin film coating technology was developed. The coating uniformity of photo-resist was realized using this equipment on the glass substrate sizing 1 400 mm×420 mm, making overall coating thickness error less than 4% and satisfying coating requirements of meter-scale chemical precision thin film coating of optical component surface.

The flow of lubricant oil films in confined gaps of micro-scale is a significant factor to affect load-carrying capacity of lubrication films in precision machines and micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS). In order to research the lubricating property of thin lubricant film the paper established through-thickness velocity profile measurement system and carried out a on-line situ measurement on through-thickness velocity profile of thin oil film under confined micro-gaps, based on fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) and imaging analysis of shape changes process in the bleached area. The method adopted an assumption that the fluorescence intensity is distributed and layered along the film thickness direction, combined two-dimensional bleaching ability distribution information varying with time to acquire velocity distribution of the film thickness direction and the velocity profile of a 8 μm thickness of PB450 polybutene lubricant film. Pearson correlation coefficient of the experiment result and reconstructed fluorescent agent intensity distribution curve is greater than 0.95 and the velocity profile conforms to existing lubrication theory, which proves the reliability of the measuring results.

Atime optimal sliding model controlwas proposed based on the fast acquisitionprocess of photoelectric tracking system. The sliding mode surface function of the control wasoptimal motion trail of time optimal control, which guaranteed that the system state variables slide along the optimal tracks; relevant exponential reaching lawwas designed to make the variables closer to sliding mode surface quickly and stably. Simulation and experiment research were carried out based on the capture targets of step signals of 180°, 90° and 60°.The experiment result shows that time optimal sliding model control and accommodation time decreases about 43.66% and 59.67% respectively compared with time optimal control and sliding model control. Besides, its overshoot and steady fluctuationare both 0, andsteady state errorsare decreased 44.94% and 62.34% approximately, whichare identical with the simulation result. The result indicates that the advantages of the method, such as short accommodation time, small overshoot, stable steady state value, little steady state error and strong robust, are applicable to quickly capture thephotoelectric tracking system and of significant research and application value.

The trend of further research of the micro flow sensor is higher quality factor and sensitivity in the field of velocity measurement. In this letter, a new type of double-ended enhanced film resonance structure was proposed to obtain high quality factor of the Lamb wave sensor. The vector measurements of the liquid flow velocity can be achieved by using the evanescent wave, which exists around the membrane-liquid interface of one antisymmetric mode(A01) of this Lamb wave sensor. The quality factor for the prominent peak of the A01 mode reaches 703. There is a linear relationship between the phase frequency shifts of A01 mode and the value of fluid velocity, while the direction of flow velocity can be judged by the phase frequency shifts direction. Correspondingly, the sensitivity of flow velocity measurement is about 270 Hz/mm/s. As the maximum noises of A01 mode is less than 02 Hz, the limit of detection of the flow velocity(LOD) is 2.2 μm/s and the flow rate(LOD) is 18.3 nL/min. The results demonstrate that the vector measurements of the liquid flow velocity can be actualized with high sensitivity by the double-ended enhanced Lamb wave sensor.

A design method for telescope AC servo control system, based on high-power permanent magnet synchronous motor, was proposed to meet the requirement of low-speed tracking accuracy for 2 m telescope. Firstly, frequency characteristic curve of system structure was identified; secondly, a structure filter was designed according to frequency characteristic curve of the system so as to reduce the resonant amplitudes caused by structural mode; then, according to the requirements of the system control performance index, the position controller and feed forward controller were designed to improve the system position tracking performance; lastly, a low-speed control experiment on the telescope turntable was conducted based on the designed hardware platform. The experiment result shows that the telescope is in better stableness and its tracking error RMS is 0.006 1″ when it tracks a slope 0.36″/s position curve, which achieves an extremely low-speed tracking effect; the maximum error value guided by the sine curve is 0.3″ and the tracking error RMS is 0.066″ on the condition of speed 5°/s and acceleration 2°/s2. The experiment result indicates that the design of AC servo control system for 2 m telescope meets the requirements of system tracking accuracy and provides a reference for the design of AC servo control system for large-scale telescope to an extent.

The measurement accuracy is easily influenced by non-uniformity of coil wiring and variation with time, which is originally because of the use of enameled coils in traditional time grating angular displacement sensor. For this, a new time grating angular displacement sensor based on PCB(Printed Circuit Board) technology was proposed. By arranging particular shapes of excitation and induction coils in different layers of PCB baseboard, the sensor formed two identical sensor units and they were of quadrature positions in the circle; when excitation coils of two sensor units were switched on two-phase time-quadrature AC respectively, magnetic field was precisely restrained by magnetic stator base and magnetic rotor with specific teeth and slots to make induction coils of both sensor units in series output sine sense signal with primary phase varying with rotors rotation; finally, precise angular displacement measurement was achieved by interpolating high-frequency clock pulse into primary phase. The sensor was modeled and simulated by using FEA(Finite Element Analysis) software. According to simulation models, the sensor object was made and confirmatory experiment was carried out. Frequency and source of angular displacement measuring error were analyzed in detail. Ultimately, the measurement error of the new time-grating angular displacement sensor is within -2.82″~2.02″ in the whole scale after calibration and compensation. Theoretical derivation, simulation analysis and experiment verification all indicate that the sensor can not only achieve precise angular displacement measurement, but also it can double the resolving ability of displacement measurement from the signal source when the space pole distance and signal quality of excitation and induction coils are unchanging. The stable structure is easy to be achieved and especially applied to industrial sites in poor environment.

Real-time fall detection has great advantages of reducing physical and psychological damage in senior citizens group after falls and improving solitude ability and health level of senior citizens. A support vector machine (SVM) algorithm, which is based on RBF(Radial Basis Function) and applied to achieve fall detection, has been proposed in order to improve accuracy rate and lower false positive and false negative rate of fall detection system on the basis of inertial sensor. First, the system completes data collection by portable inertial sensing system at waist; then, it utilizes RBF-based SVM classifier to identify suspected fall behaviors and Particle Swarm Optimization to complete optimization of penalty factor ‘C’ and RBF argument ‘g’ in sorting algorithm. The falls and similar falls daily activities distinguishing experimetal results indicate that accuracy rate, false positive and false negative rate based on SVM algorithm are 9767%, 4.0% and 0.67% respectively. Compared with traditional threshold methods, the performance of proposed method on fall detection is promoted remarkably, so it can conclude that the appliance of the system in senior citizens fall detection is enhanced as well.

A feature point extraction method for self-adaptative variable-metric constructing image pyramid is proposed to accelerate the feature matching. In this method, number of FAST feature points is adopted as information content quantization in scale space representation and pyramid hierarchy is carried out according to the information difference of blurred images in the neighboring layers. By adjusting scale parameters, Uniform change of detail feature in neighboring images is realized, number threshold of matching points is used to control the height of pyramid and matching efficiency is improved by applying matching instruction strategy named “matching and constructing at the same time”. Last, The contrast experiment is implemented between proposed method and three detection methods-SIFT, FAST, and ASIFT. The experiment results indicate that correct matching rate of the method can reach 43.59% under various scales. It increase by 25.51% compared with SIFT. Feature points can still show the targets correctly after they underwent all kinds of changes in lights and angles. The method referred to in the paper selects parameters adaptively according to the feature of target image. It can obtain ideal matching effects without manual adjustment and adapt to feature extraction and matching in various changeable conditions in high efficiency.

Non-uniformity often occurs in multi-detectors remote-sensing imaging system, resulting in the existence of strip noise in remote sensing images. A destriping method with multi-scale variational model has been proposed on the basis of the analysis on the main sources and model of stripe noise. First, the characteristics of strip noise have been analyzed and the degradation model of the image has been formulated. Secondly, the unidirectional characteristic of strip noise and multi-scale hierarchical image decomposition have been combined to structure J-functional. Then, the method uses fixed point Gauss-Seidel iterative method to minimize multi-scale J-functional and separate stripe noise and useful information. Last, structural and details component under different scales will be accumulated to obtain the destriped images. The experiment result on real remote sensing images indicates that the image distortion is 2‰ and IF increases to 11.715 0 dB for regular stripe noise; the image distortion is 3.3‰ and the IF increases to 11.092 5 dB for random stripe noise. Compared with typical destriping methods, the method in this paper can ensure that stripe noise will be removed completely and pre-processing requirements of small distortion for remote sensing images will be met, for both regular stripe noise and random stripe noise.

As the traditional triangle star identification algorithm is insufficient, this paper proposed a fast all-sky autonomous triangle algorithm with star magnitude-independent. By structuring the maximum interior angle and two sides as a matching feature triangle, the algorithm established celestial navigation feature library which was constructed to be a hash function according to the maximum interior angle and stored into sub-blocks. ‘Edge-angle-edge’ matching mode was adopted in the process of star identification. First, adopt the hash search to achieve rapid positioning of sub-blocks in terms of observations of the maximum interior angle, and then quick matching of star argument was conducted on both sides of the observed interior angle, which would further to narrow matching scope of the argument and improve identification speed. Experiments indicate that identification rate of the algorithm can exceed 98.08% when star point noise is lower than 2 pixels and average identification time is 13.1 ms when observed stars number equals to 10 and the sum of sub-blocks in feature library is 1 024. Compared with current triangle identification algorithms, this algorithm has obvious advantages in identification speed, identification rate and the ability of resisting star magnitude noise.

A high frame rate imaging technology based on asynchronous timing drive and Binning technology has been applied on frame transfer CCD camera successfully. The reason why smear noise occurs in image acquisition process has been analyzed theoretically and a complete set of numerical analytic algorithm for smear correction has been carried out to restraint the smear generated in the imaging of this CCD camera, according to its continuous imaging principle. The algorithm has fully taken the effects of consecutive frame exposures and changing intensity on smear into account and then amended them. Experimental verification has been conducted in asynchronous Binning camera. Results indicate that the camera can get 4 continuous images at a frame rate of 40 000 frames per second. The algorithm has effectively eliminated the smear noise of all images, making contribution to the remarkable decrease of the gradation variance in smear area and the improvement of asynchronous Binning CCD cameras imaging quality. The smear correction algorithm is applicable to continuous imaging of high frame rate camera.

In order to improve the discrimination ability and robustness of contour noise and deformation of Height Functions (HF) descriptor in the process of shape retrieval, a feature description algorithm of exact height functions is proposed in shape retrieval. Firstly, contour outside the target shape is extracted, and then exact height functions type descriptors of sampling points are constructed for dimensionality reduction. And then, the optimized parallel dynamic programming algorithm is employed in matching stage. Finally, shape complexity analysis is used to improve matching effect. Based on point geometric feature saliency, the shape precision theory is proposed to further analyze the influence of the local deformation and the edge noise on shape feature description. The matching experiment has been conducted on the database of MPEG-7, Swedish Leaf, Tools, ETH-80 and noise experiment has been conducted on Kimia99 database. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm in this paper is highly efficient and the matching time of it is only 12.5% of the original HF descriptor. The highest retrieval ratio can reach 90.38% on MPEG-7, 9007% on ETH-80, 95.07% on Swedish Leaf and 94.86% on Tools respectively and retrieval performance and robustness are better than HF and other important algorithms; on Kimia99 with adding noise, the anti-noise performance of the proposed algorithm is superior to the original HF descriptor, and even in the case of noise level of 2.0, the algorithm can still keep a retrieval rate of 91.92%. The proposed algorithm, with high accuracy, high efficiency, great robustness and noise immunity and good scalability, can be effectively applied to shape retrieval field.

In geometric positioning of optical line array remote sensing image, as it exists error on system error correction parameters corresponding coefficient matrix, a geo-positioning method of remote sensing image of optical line array based on regularized total least squares was proposed in this paper. Firstly, the collinear equation was constructed based on the definition of rational function model, Secondly, the geo-positioning and systematic error correction methods were derived by linearization. Then, the corresponding optimal objective function was constructed based on the definition of the EIV model with a regularization term introduced. The iterative solution method of system error parameters based on regularized total least squares solver was deduced by the Lagrange conditional extremum. Experiment results indicate that, the geo-positioning accuracy of this method is increased by 11.61% compared with the classical least squares adjustment algorithm, and it is increased by 6.06% in contrast to Tikhonov regularization geo-positioning accuracy. The proposed method in this paper can increase the geo-positioning accuracy of linear array CCD images effectively without any extra information.

Point cloud data, as a kind of three-dimensional information reflecting the object shape, have quite a large amount of original data, so if directly operating on excessive data, it will affect subsequent work such as point clouds reconstruction, etc. This paper proposes a novel adaptive simplification algorithm for point cloud feature extraction. First, space should be divided with respect to the original point cloud, and then k neighborhood of the point should be built, and feature parameters should be set up, and then feature analysis should be conducted, and finally information and data of different parts should be identified. Then, for the planar data, the boundary is detected and extracted and the remaining parts are simplified. Finally, for the nonplanar data, the feature is extracted and then simplifications are implemented in varying degrees according to different curvatures. Experiments show that it takes no more than several seconds to process a point cloud model with almost a million points. Simplification proportion can reach above 90%, and the error corresponding to original data is smaller: the average deviation of the planar data is less than 0.02 mm before and after simplification, with a small fluctuation at 0.005 7 mm; the average deviation of the nonplanar data is likely to fluctuate around 0.08 mm and the difference is only 0.000 3 mm before and after simplification, guaranteeing the simplification accuracy. Therefore, the data processed by proposed algorithm can display the object shape better.

Aiming at problems such as long cycle and insufficient real time information in traditional remote sensing ground target image recognition system, an on-board target fast matching recognition platform is designed for fast on-orbit satellite recognition, and an improved feature matching recognition algorithm based on fast retinal key points (FREAK) is proposed to solve the problems of complex backgrounds and large amount of data in remote sensing image, First, we introduce the principle of on-board target recognition system and propose the simplified FREAK feature extraction model, and then we reduce the model of original algorithm from seven floors to four to quickly extract target features in remote sensing image. And then the high-dimensional feature data is quantified into two-dimensional data using binary quantization space, thus improving the accuracy of the algorithm; finally, the remote targets are recognized quickly by matching. The experimental results show that the matching accuracy can be increased by 2.3%, and matching time can be reduced by 27.8%. It can meet the requirements of quick identification of remote sensing satellite on-orbit targets.

In order to improve the classification accuracy of Hyperspectral images (HSI) and preprocess HSI by effectively using the spatial and spectral information of HIS, a new spatial-spectral feature extraction method, Weighted Spatial and Spectral Locality Preserving Projection (WSSLPP) is proposed in this paper. The HSI was reconstructed combining the physical characters of HSI to avoid the interference of singular point; then the target functions of locality pixel neighbor preserving embedding (LPNPE) and locality preserving projection (LPP) were weighted and summed, thus the spatial and spectral dimension information of HSI was effectively fused to construct the projection matrix. WSSLPP not only keeps the pixel neighborhood in spatial domain, but also keeps the implicit structure of samples in spectral domain, which helps for the HIS classification. The benchmark verification on Indian Pines and PaviU database show that the classification accuracy resulted from WSSLPP algorithm is significantly higher than that from other algorithms, and the overall classification accuracy is 99.00% and 99.50% respectively, effectively improving the HSI classification accuracy.

A plane objects pose measurment algorithm based on monocular vision is proposed aiming at close-range pose measurement requirements in space rendezvous and docking. In order to facilitate the adjustment of the aerial mobile platform so as to satisfy the specific position relations, a new angle definition method is introduced, the three angles defined by which can be used as the feedback of the platform attitude adjustment and they are not restricted by the order of rotation. The three angles and position vectors of the plane model with respect to the camera coordinate system can be directly derived from the plane homography matrix. In the measurement experiment, the algorithm is implemented based on DSP platform, and the cooperative target is composed of 4 coplanar LED light sources, and the measuring datum is obtained by the high-precision inclination angle sensor and the total station instrument. Experimental results show that for the target surface measurement with spatial position change range at 2 m×2 m and the angle ranging from -30 degrees to 30 degrees, this algorithm can achieve 0.88% relative positioning error and maximum 0.996° angle measurement error, and the single-frame computing time is only 0.25 ms.