The principle and characteristics of plane array non-scanned laser active imaging system and fac? tors affecting the detection range are introduced. The laser active imaging model, ICCD detector performance and sensitivity index conversion are analyzed. The formula of detection range and the distance estimation method for incident irradiance which is twice the sensitivity of the detector are established. Laser active imaging experiment using 808 nm wavelength can prove the validity of the theoretical analysis.

Based on the optical detection technology, the columnar machine parts are tested by laser scan? ning and three-dimension (3D) reconfigurable system is designed. Traditional measurement methods lead to a small deformation of the measured object surface, and even the accuracy decreases. This problem is solved with realization of a non-contact measurement by the introduction of optical technology. Laser is used widely due to its high speed, high precision, large range and strong anti-electrooptical jamming. The outer diameter and the height of columnar mechanical parts are measured precisely, and the surface of the 3D reconstruction is achieved. The system is feasible and simple, it can restore precisely the location of the object, geometric shapes, and 3 D in? formation that the 2D image detection method cannot provide.

The development background and working principle of optical phased array technology are intro? duced. The progress of optical phased array technology with different electro-optic materials (lithium tantalate, PLZT, AlGaAs and liquid crystal) at home and abroad is summarized. The problem of the mechanical scanning in the beam scanning control and the functional advantage of the optical phased array are discussed. Aiming at the status of optical phased array devices, the research direction for the technology of the optical phased array ma? terials and the application prospect of the optical phased array technology are proposed.

A resolution for an integrated navigation system of GPS and INS for UAV is put forward. Firstly, the algorithm and principle of the navigation system are introduced, the hardware composing and software core program are set up according to the demand for task. At last the simulation proved that PID controlling and Kal? man filter algorithm used in the integration navigation system can improve the precision of the navigation system.

MIL-STD-1553B bus has a wide application in airborne avionics systems, the bus monitoring systems can realize the real-time bus information monitoring. A study method for bus monitoring systems based on dynamic interface control document (ICD) is proposed, a model of bus monitoring systems and tools of cus? tomizing ICD database are established. The method of post-hoc analysis based on bus information monitoring is studied. The different embedded-system only needs to redefine the ICD to realize the bus monitoring, which can improve the expansibility and maintenance of systems.

Although three-dimension (3D) shape measurement based on digital grating projection has a good development prospect, the problem of high accuracy measurement cannot be solved. Combing with height-phase mapping and lattice calibration, a 3D measurement method is proposed. The Geometric constraints of digital-grating and CCD are decreased. The measurement system is more feasible, which can be used to realize the accurate measurement and reconstruction according to the 3D information of measured object. By applying the proposed method to measure a 20.00 mm height reference object, the relative error is 0.727 5%. The experimental result shows that the method is efficient and precision.

As the key element of the high-temperature sensor, the single crystal fiber has a wide application in the fields of the aerospace, military, electricity and casting. A single crystal fiber drawing system based on the base heating method is proposed. This system is simulated by ZEMAX optical software. The simulation result shows that the high quality ring heat source can be formed in the focus point of the optical system. In order to draw the high-quality single crystal fiber, the mathematical models of the molten zone in the optical system is established and the influences of varies factors on the single crystal fiber are analyzed theoretically. The advantages of the system are incomparable for other optical systems, so it is used widely in zirconia drawing and other high-temperature single crystal fibers.

Through the review of the history of the grating electromagnetic theory, the development process and present situation of electromagnetic theory of one-dimensional diffraction grating development are introduced. Comparing the parameters between one-dimensional gratings and dual-period diffraction grating and researching on the several examples, figuring out that in contrast to one-dimensional diffraction grating, the dual-period diffraction gratings has more excellent performance in application; And watching results of simulating of two kinds of grating show that the theory of dual-period diffraction grating development is not mature enough,which is not as the theory of one-dimensional grating, to apply on research of characteristics and design of grating as a ideal tool. Finally based on the comparison in varieties of electromagnetic theory of dual-period grating,present situation and the prospect of the theory development of double periodic grating are presented.

The quarter-waveplate is one of the most important optical devices in all fiber optical current transducer (AFOCT). Taking into account the temporal coherence of SLD, the detailed analysis and calculation of the entire spreading process of the beam are completed by using Jones Matrix. The expression of optical inten? sity depending on the parameters of the quarter-waveplate can be set up. According to the principle of closed-loop circuit, the law about quarter-waveplate affecting the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and scale factor of AFOCT is disclosed and verified by experiments. Optimum design of the quarter-waveplate which is based on the temperature characteristic of the Verdet constant is also shown.

The core component of three-component acceleration seismic geophone is the dual M-Z interferometer which is composed of two cascaded 3-dB coupler. The design of 3-dB coupler is particularly important to the detection accuracy of three-component acceleration seismic geophone. The structure and working principle of the three-component acceleration seismic geophone and the theory of co-directional coupling between guided modes are introduced. The structure and calculation parameters of 3-dB coupler waveguide are set. Matlab is used for the simulation of output power of 3-dB coupler. Simulation result shows that it achieves equal energy distribution in the two outputs of 3-dB coupler. Waveguide optics simulation software OptiBPM v9.0 is used to simulate 3-dB coupler. The optical power transmission diagram demonstrates that the 3-dB coupler designed realizes the equalization of optical power.

Image enhancement software is very important in the post-processing of UAV aerial image. To realize the aerial image enhancement software, the general structure of the software is designed firstly. Then the theories of the primary image processing algorithms in the software are analyzed, such as the adaptive median filtering, the edge detection algorithm and the SPIHT algorithm. At last, using VC++ 6.0 and Matlab, the software is carried out. At the same time, the effect of the aerial image by the primary image processing algorithms is analyzed. The results indicate that the effect can satisfy the requirement well.

A new algorithm to detect the pedestrians in expressway is proposed. In background estimation， the background automatic updates algorithms is adopted ,and for the moving object detection, background re? moval method is used. Then in color space, the skin color model is used for human face detection, after getting the face candidate area, the face shape information is used to eliminate similar movement face skin color area. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and its real-time performance can satisfy the video monitoring system.

The phase generated carrier(PGC)demodulation scheme is one of the important signal demodula?tion schemes used for fiber-optic sensors. The detection principle of Mach-Zehnder fiber-optic interference sen?sors is introduced. Detailed mathematical deduce on the phase generated carrier demodulation algorithm is given.MATLAB simulation is implemented to illuminate the feasibility of the method. Some of the important technolo?gies of the system are discussed. The upper limitation of detecting dynamic range is analyzed and the effects of some parameters are got. These results on designing interference fiber-optic sensing system have the significant theoretical guidance and important reference value.

For infrared image with the characteristics of low contrast and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), an infrared image enhancement method based on median filtering and biological bionics is presented. Firstly, the median filtering is used for image de-noising, and then the image is enhanced by using biology vision model. Fi? nally, the enhanced image is obtained. A group of experimental results demonstrate that the presented algorithm can reduce the noise and highlight the image detail, and solve the problem of the low contrast in infrared image. Comparing with the traditional image enhancement methods of median filtering method with histogram equaliza? tion enhancement and weighting neighborhood averaging method with gray value transform, the SNR and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of image both are advanced.

In order to solve the problem that sunlight flashing can generate false signals in omni-directional laser detection easily, on the basis of adjacent frames subtracting, a method distinguishing false signals according to the image characteristics is presented. The effect of the false signal suppressing is verified in natural environ?ment with blazing sunshine, and the results indicate that relative to the method of filtering technology and improv?ing frame frequency, this method can solve the problem of suppressing false signals generated by sunlight flash?ing. For the imaging detector and the image acquisition card with low requirements, it has good application value.

The centroid of the visible light CCD image targets can be derived by using lots of methods， these algorithms are also suitable for the near infrared stellar map. The common methods are: Gauss fitting meth? od，method of moments，derivative search and so on. The Gauss fitting method is introduced and analyzed its ad? vantages and disadvantages. According to this method，a more practical method is proposed based on the near in? frared stellar map navigation，verified and compared its accuracy and feasibility.

To generate and control the FSK signal, a design method based on MCU is given. The hardware is simple and practical devices, such as W77E58 MCU, high precision DAC chip, MAX232 and the operational am? plifier. In order to ensure the more reliable work status, IMP813L chip is used to design the watchdog circuit. The software is composed of two parts: the communication programming of 3350 main board and the analog code pro? gramming of the signal generator. These softwares are supported by the hardware based on MCU, and the re? quired FSK signal can be outputted stably. According to the principle of this method, the chip can easily generate other analog signals. The good result in practical application can prove the rationality and the validity of this de?sign.

In order to solve the problem of the excessive current and low precision in micro-resistance mea? surement at present, a design for the micro-resistance measuring system of the low measuring current is intro? duced. Taking the constant current source with high precision as current source, the precision amplifying circuit based on a operational amplifier ICL7650 and OP07ADJ with very low drift and low noise，through the real-time data acquisition and A/D converter, the data are processed and displayed by MCU, and the magnify principle of the weak signal and the feasibility of the measurement are analyzed. The experiment shows that the micro-resis? tance is precisely measured under the low measuring current, the measuring accuracy reaches 1/1 000 when the measuring resistance is 0.05 ~0.5 Ωand the measuring current is 5~10 mA.

Aiming at performance requirements of electro-optical tracking servo-system increasing and the lack of traditional control method, the parameter self-regulation fuzzy PID (proportion, integral and differential) controller is used in the position control loop for servo-system .The structure and design principle are analyzed, and the parameter self-tuning fuzzy PID algorithm is also introduced. Based on the ARM7TDMI 16/32 bit RISC S3C44B0X processor platform produced by Samsung company, the controller is build from hardware and soft? ware. The controller has adaptive capacity, better control quality and robustness, so that the electro-optical track? ing servo-system has the advantages including the quick response, smooth transition process and short condition? ing time. It provides some references for the practical application in the field of optoelectronic.

The hardware implementation method of the infrared weak and small target detection algorithm based on dynamic programming is proposed. Energy cumulative principle based on dynamic programming is ana? lyzed. The target distinguishing process is explained. The hardware resource for image processing is analyzed. A FPGA+DSP hardware process platform is established and the real-time and reliability of the algorithm are vali? dated. The proposed method can figure out the real-time problem that cannot be solved by the most algorithm and propose a new method for infrared weak and small target detection.