In order to restrain the effect on the images from the variation of the bias caused by factors such as the working temperature and the aging of electronic devices in video processing circuit of CCD camera, the bias of the circuit are modified in real time. Firstly, the time sequence of the modules in the drive circuit of CCD camera and the image processing circuit was analyzed and modified to acquire the bias variation of the every frame image as passing the circuit. Then the modified values of the pixel of every image were calculated by the image processing block. Finally, the modified image was output. Experimental results indicate that the bias of each image is on the same level after being modified. The mean of modified frame is some 107 DN under test mode. The difference of mean between two output port images is reduced from 170.9DN to 4.8DN. The method not only eliminates the changes of video processing circuit’s bias, but also removes the difference of bias between the two output port of CCD.

In order to study the damage effect of CCD detectors, the principle and method of mixture frequency laser by using double beams combination device was proposed. The double beams combination device by using the ZEMAX was emulated, and the far field light spot was collected in the meantime. The thermal mechanical physical model of CCD light shading Al film irradiated by mixture frequency laser is set up based on heat conduction and thermal elastic mechanics theories, the heat conduction differential equation and stress-balance equation are solved by the semi-analytical method, the temperature field and thermal stress field of light shading Al film are obtained. Through the numerical simulation, the damage effects of CCD by the laser source in different working modes were compared.

The application field of electro-optic equipment in infrared band is becoming more and more extensive, and the requirement for IR simulation technology is urgent increasingly with continuous development of the new material, photoelectron detectors and electro-optic technology today. The principle of the infrared radiator was analyzed, the key technology of IR simulation was discussed, and the feasibility of IR simulation engineering practice in short distance was studied. The IR simulation technology is introduced in order to provide the IR simulation signals for the infrared equipments test and examination mainly based on IR feature of targets outside in short distance.

Regarding the present situation of different types of sensors being used in real-time monitoring building structure and its working environment, a general demodulation system for fiber Fabry-Perot sensor and fiber Bragg grating sensor based on fiber Fabry-Perot tunable filter was described. The structure of this system and its principle of demodulating these fiber sensors were studied. The experiment shows that this system can demodulate these fiber sensors accurately and effectively, and it also have a multiplexing capability. The demo-dulation accuracy of fiber Fabry-Perot sensor is under ２ με, and the demodulation accuracy of fiber Bragg grating sensor is under 0.5 με.

Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Demodulation System for wavelength calibration technology is the focus of attention, usually FBG sensor with fixed wavelength is fixed in a constant temperature box, as a fiber Bragg grating sensor demodulation system's reference components. This method takes up a broadband light source wavelength range, thereby constraining the scope of the wavelength scanning of the demodulation system. The fiber Bragg grating sensor demodulation system was built, which can change the filter driver Saw FP signal into a square wave signal as a reference signal needed for synchronization processing, eliminating the need for the fixed-wavelength FBG sensors, fully using the broadband light source wavelength range, and making the demodulation technique to become simple, while increasing the number of external FBG sensors.

The optimization method is proposed by the solar street lamp system as example. The capacity of the solar photovoltaic modules and batteries are calculated though the reduction of energy consumption, the stability of function and the reduction of cost, in which determining the optimal allocation of solar street lamps system. To implement the system with intelligent control, the system can work the normal working hours under the protection of battery service life, so the solar lights energy-saving and economic performance are improved.

According to the characteristics of Lambertian source, an approximate Lambertian source function was defined, an optical model of LED lens was designed, and then a LED sectional curve equation was obtained. Some relative data and modified data were obtained through solving the equation above by Runge-kutta method and a polynomial fitting by MATLAB. The expecting data and simulated effect were extracted from LED approximate Lambertian source encapsulation model by Tracepro. Finally, a simplified designation method for LED approximate Lambertian source encapsulation model was proposed.

The cold shield defines the angle of view field and limits stray radiation in cooled infrared imaging system. The cold shields have various aperture types but no analytical formula is available for cold shield effectiveness, and numerical methods are usually needed for its computation. A Monte Carlo method with MATLAB for computing cold shield effectiveness of a simplified round cold shield structure is presented. It is based on the concept of direction numbers in three dimensional space. First, a random point on cold shield is generated with MATLAB. Then a group of random direction numbers is associated to that point so an equation of a random straight line is formed. After tracing the ray reflected from the cold shield and judging that if it falls into the region of detector chip according to the property of specular reflection and formulae in analytical geometry, the cold shield effectiveness can be determined. It is easy in programming and convenient in operation.

With regard to the remote sensing, especially the subtle discriminating of the target, the imaging spectrometer with high delicacy, high spectrum resolution and super throughput are required. Based on the coaxial three-reflective optical system, an off-axial three-reflective optical system with no obstructing between three mirrors was designed by means of field of view off-axis form. The aperture stop of the system was on the secondary mirror, and with no middle image the requirement of high resolution, wide field of view, long focal length was satisfied. The capital parameters of the optical system are f′=1 600mm,2ω=18°×0.148°, F/number=F/10，and all surfaces are conicoid. The results indicate that the quality of imaging has arrived at the diffraction-limitation, and the optical system designed by this method has good application prospect on space sensing.

The semiconductor microring resonator is one of the most potential candidates to construct very large-scale integrated photonic circuits (VLSI-PCs) since it has compact structure, high-density integration and abundant function. Nowdays it has been widely used in highly selective communication filter, delay line, sensor, microlaser and optical storage, and becomes the hot topic in the fields of integrated optoelectronics, optical communication, and signal processing. Based on the introduced principle of microring resonator, the advantage and disadvantage of laterally and vertically coupled approach were analyzed. Recent advances and application of the semiconductor microring resonator in passive, active and tunable optical filters were discussed.

The formulas of reflectivity were derived in one-dimensional holographic photonic crystals with the method of the transfer matrix. With this method, the reflectivity of the one-dimensional holographic photonic crystals was calculated when the basic period of the refractive index modulation and the optical thickness of the basic period structure of the photonic crystal changed. The results show that the width of the gap decreases and the gap center position moves to short wave with the increasing of the parameters of the basic period of the refractive index modulation. With the increasing of the optical thickness, the width of the gap increases, the center position of the gap moves to long wave. When the photonic crystals are designed, the control of the photonic band gap can be achieved via changing the basic period structure parameters of the photonic crystals.

The anti-reflection coating is researched theoretically based on the principle of the amorphous silicon solar cell. Following the quarter-wavelength action principle, the optimized thickness parameters can be obtained by computing the minimal reflectivity of the anti-reflection coatings. The single-layer anti-reflection coating adopts ITO(n=2.0, d=75 nm) with the weighted average reflectance of 5.91%; the double-layer anti-reflection coating uses MgF2/ITO with the thickness of 111 nm and 75 nm, and the weighted average reflectance of 3.72%. In addition, the variation curve of reflectivity with the wavelength is put forward to explain how to select materials according to the results calculated by the computer program: as for single-layer anti-reflection coatings, the materials with a small refractive index can achieve good results, and for the double-layer anti-reflection coatings, the materials with the low(up)/high(down) form of refractive index can get better effect.

Based on four-quadrant photodetector, a double axle autotrack machinery equipment is designed with the low-power MSP430 SCM as its core. It enables the sun panel to keep being vertical to sunlight, so the utilization efficiency of solar energy was greatly improved. The equipment consists of the amplifying circuit, filter circuit, integrating circuit, A/D converter and precise stepping system. The linear tracking precision is up to 0.25 μm, and the tracking precision of coverage angle is 0.25 mrad. The research is helpful to the applications of solar energy.

According to the application demand for monitoring multi-channel synchronously, the multi-channel monitoring controller was designed. It can monitor 4 analog composite video inputs, and supports 2 analog video outputs. The data outputting by Currency counting Machine can also be displayed on video. The functions, hardware structure of multi-channel monitoring controller is described. The implementation methods of software for video inputs, video control and video outputs are mainly introduced.

The design of the pre-amplifier circuit of photoelectric detector systems can directly affect the detecting precision of the whole systems. The design of pre-amplifier circuit from a photoelectric detector was introduced. The photoelectric conversion circuit，amplifier circuit bandwidth, amplifier circuit noise, amplifier circuit stabilization and other questions were mainly discussed，and an amplifier circuit capable of effectively decreasing the noise, the temperature drift and with a large dynamic range was designed.

In view of the characteristics of hyperspectral image processing system such as high data throughput, high processing speed and large memory capacity, an embedded hyperspectral image processing system based on DSP&FPGA was designed, which adopted USB interface as transmission, and selected TI’s TMS320C6000 DSP and Altera’s Cyclone II series FPGA. Firstly, the general block diagram of hardware implementation is given; secondly the chips used are introduced, the circuit connecting of FPGA and the working principles of system are described in detail. Finally the system is verified by taking advantage of hyperspectral image target recognition algorithm.

Recently, laser scanning technology has improved significantly. It has facilitated sampling part surface data with speed and accuracy. It is necessary to manipulate these large amounts of point data. Based on analyzing the adaptive minimum distance (AMD) method and the octree structure method, an improved direct data reduction method was proposed. The method can streamline the large number of point cloud data directly and effectively. And the experimental verification is carried out by comparing the data. Finally, a summary of the advantages and disadvantages of the method has been done.

An algorithm of the image watermark based on discrete wavelet transform of pseudo-random sequence encryption is presented. Based on the image watermark of DWT and the fetch algorithm, the algorithm makes use of greater time frequency of wavelet transform and uses a pseudo-random sequence encryption. As detecting the image watermark is separated, all of information is achieved through calculating each level. The experiment results indicate that the algorithm possess greater robustness and practical function.

A composite median filtering algorithm and an adaptive median filtering algorithm are emphatically presented. For these two improved median filtering algorithms, the images with the noises such as Gaussian noise, salt and pepper noise, composite noise and high density noise were put through the remove noise process. Noise removal results of the algorithms on different types of images were compared.

In order to verify if the high accuracy star sensor could resist against the random vibration produced by the air vehicle during launching, the random vibration was analyzed. First, the theory of vibration and power spectral density was presented. Then random vibration analysis was done by the finite element software Patran and Nastran. The results show that the effect of the random vibration is very small,which is useful to improve the structure design.

After analyzing the structure and kinematics features of 5-axis linkage CNC machine with two rotary tables and one of the rotary axis fixed at angle of 45° to the spindle, the algorithms for the post processing method of cutter location data are proposed and the corresponding formulate of coordinate conversion are deduced, the post processing for non orthogonal 5-axis linkage CNC machine by programming with Tcl language is achieved. The post processor is stable and reliable, and put into practical application.