The effect of atmospheric fluctuation on two lidar return signals may be different for quasisimultaneous emission of two lidar wavelengths. The known atmospheric correction methods based on the same atmospheric effects of two laser signals are not suitable for quasisimultaneous emissions of two lidar wavelengths. A new correction method of atmospheric backscattering is proposed. Two backscattering coefficients are computed respectively for differential absorption lidar by Klett technique, and the backscattering correction is calculated. This method is applied to AML-2 lidar data processing for measuring ozone, and experimental results show that this correction method is feasible and reasonable.

The effect of downwelling atmospheric radiation(Rld) on grass land surface temperature(Ts) is analyzed based on the three-year observations of upwelling surface long-wave radiation(Rlu) and Rld in 4～50 μm band on clear days at SKYNET Hefei site. Results indicate that the effect of Rld on mean daily Ts are stronger in summer than in fall and the weakest in winter. The mean daily difference between apparent surface. temperature T* and Ts ranges from 0.96 K to 1.41 K through all year, with value larger than 1.3 K in July and August provided that land surface emissivity ε equals to 0.98. The effect of Rld on diurnal variation of Ts is weakest at noon, greatest at night with the diurnal distribution of T*－Ts showing“V”shape for each season and the effect is most remarkable in winter. The larger the ratio Rld/Rlu, the greater the effect of Rld on Ts and the quantitative statistical relationship between the ratio Rld/Rlu, surface emissivity ε and T*－Ts are obtained under different seasonal conditions.

The vertical distributing of turbulence, temperature and humidity were obtained in Changchun city by the detecting of turbulence profile using meteorologic radiosonde for turbulence and general meterological parameters at the same time. Results show that the turbulence profile was finely accorded with the Hufnagel Valley model that is widely used in mid-latitude area. The mean of atmospheric coherence length is 5.5 cm. It's also adapt to HV model. When the meteorologic radiosonde works in double channels, refractive structure index was detected under different distances between the two pairs of probs. The tendency of turbulence intensity detected in different distances is nearly the same. For the area of strong turbulence under 10 km,the intensity detected in half meter is a little bigger than in one meter. The difference of r0 caculated from that is slight, and the fluctuation of one meter is bigger and the detail is obvious.

Turbulence spectra of velocity and temperature are analyzed using the 35 m tower data measured by ultrasonic anemometer over snow. It's found that all the normalized spectra spread out at low frequencies according to the mean velocity, not the value of z/L and converge to a single universal curve in the inertial sub-range. A spectral model is given and characteristics of the turbulence spectral local isotropy are analyzed.Spectra-index is fitted from non-dimensional spectrum and the agreement with‘-5/3’reaches 85%. The inertial sub-range exponents of velocity component and temperature are centered on‘-5/3’. Index of velocity spectra doesn't depend on stability. But the exponents of temperature spectra are scattered in near-neutral conditions.

The atmospheric optical parameters include many atmospheric characteristic parameters which affect the laser propagation in the atmosphere. These parameters obtained in different locations under different conditions have complicated structures and a huge number. A new data model is proposed based on XML which has a good structure. The data exist in standardization XML documents which promote efficiency of data management and data utility, as it can be easily reserved and easily applied to web-based systems.

Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectra of chloroform gas with different concentrations were measured under different resolutions. Combined with data from the environmental protection bureau(EPA) database of America, the chloroform concentrations were obtained under different resolutions with least squares fitting, as well as the coefficients of correlation and the relative errors. The resolution has some influence on its precision. It is very important to choose appropriate resolution to enhance the detection precision of compound.

The post-source pulse focusing(PSPF) technique was used in a linear ALTOFMS. In its focused mass range, a mass resolution of a factor of 5.7 was achieved with the optimum parameters in our experiments.The influence of various experimental parameters, such as the delay time and the amplitude of the PSPF pulse on the performance of the instrument, were discussed respectively. In addition, a new simple way, polynomial calibration, to calibrate mass number was discussed and the experimental relative error is 10-4～10-5 PSPF-ALTOFMS is used on-line to detect the indoor air particles.

The mass concentration of aerosol particles is important for studying aerosol pollution. A method of retrieving mass concentration of aerosol particles is advanced with dual-scattering-angle optical particle counter, and the relationship is established among mass concentration, size distribution and density of aerosol particles. The method was validated by results measured at September 2004 and November 2007 in Beijing. It indicated that the method of retrieving mass concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 is feasible, which supplied references to measure aerosol mass concentration using optical method.

As a universal concern about the monitoring of priority pollutants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) have low content in the water environment. Because of its high fluorescence quantum yields, the fluorescence spectra of PAHs can be used to investigate PAHs concentration. Fluorescence spectra of four kinds of PAHs were analyzed with the method of three-dimensional fluorescence spectra, which can describe the characteristics of PAHs more detailedly than two-dimensional fluorescence spectra. Results show that phenanthrene, anthracene have three stronger fluorescence regions, and pyrene, fluoranthene have several and two fluorescence regions, respectively. The biggest fluorescence peaks of phenanthrene, anthracene, pyrene and fluoranthene are 250/364 nm, 250/402 nm, 240/372 nm and 286/462 nm, respectively. Under the optimum conditions, good linear work curve was obtained by this method to determine four kinds of PAHs. This method serves to the simultaneous analysis of multi-component PAHs in the source water on a method basis.

The LabVIEW software of NI company can be used in many areas. A control interface is designed with LabVIEW for online monitoring industrial oxygen concentration. It was demonstrated that the interface developed is with features of simple operation and straightforward interface. It can be used for online industrial oxygen concentration monitoring.

The design method of aerodynamic particle sizer which takes the ATMEGA128 chip as the control core is presented. ATMEGA128 chip is a kind of monolithic integrated circuit series of AVR single chip. The design method of hardware and software of this systerm is also given. The single chip communicates with computer to control the apparatus, analyze the aerosol particle and drive the LCD module to display the two-dimensional graph and status of the apparatus. Man-machine interaction is realized. At present, this system is in trial operation and prepared to invest in environmental gas monitoring.

By using a new method, the reverse radar system can improve the distance which can be measured by ultrasonic wave in the condition of using single power. The new system use an infrared receiving chip named CX20106 to deal with the received ultrasonic wave, such as magnification, filtering and shaping. A compensation method is put forward to the error caused by temperature based on analysing the reasons of the errors in the ultrasonic measurement system. The system use the AT89S52 as the MCU to control a low power consumption LCD screen, which is used to display the distance, and a voice circuit is used to alarm.