A pulsed pumped Yb-doped double-clad fiber (DCF) master-oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) at low repetition rate is reported. Seeded by a passive Q-switched Nd:YAG microchip laser, the fiber amplifier can generate 167-kW peak-power and 0.83-ns duration pulses at 200-Hz repetition rate. Because of the pulsed pump approach, the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) and the spurious lasing between pulses are well avoided, and the repetition rate can be set freely from single-shot to 1 kHz. Peak power scaling limitations that arise from the fiber facet damage are discussed.

A cladding-pumped ytterbium-doped fiber laser is described in this letter. Using unusual pumping source with 915-nm wavelength, slope efficiency up to 75% with respect to absorbed input power and output power is obtained, a maximum output power of 4.006 W with fundamental mode is measured.

A spectrum-sliced multi-wavelength fiber source (SS-MWFS) based on double-pass superfluorescent fiber source (SFS) with a reflection Mach-Zehnder filter (RMZF) as the reflected comb filter is demonstrated. With backward pumped configuration, MWFS with 50 wavelength channels of extinction ratio (ER) of 16.7 dB is obtained over the almost total C-band gain region. Total output power of the MWFS is 16.2 mW which shows that a power of about 0.3 mW of per channel is achieved. The SS-MWFS with forward pumped configuration is also discussed for comparing. The backward pumped configuration can provide a larger output power while only a little smaller ER than that of the forward pumped configuration.

The characteristics of broadband backward and bi-directionally pumped distributed fiber Raman amplifiers (DFRAs) in hybrid Raman/erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (HFAs) configuration are compared numerically based on noise-nonlinear figure (NNF) when standard single mode fiber (SMF) and non-zero dispersion-shifted fiber (NZDSF) are considered. It is found that achievable NNF in optimized bi-directionally pumped HFAs is about 1.2 dB (or 1.7 dB) higher than that in backward pumped HFAs for SMF (or NZDSF), and better characteristics can be achieved by using NZDSF rather than SMF for long haul transmission.

The coupling characteristics of two defect modes in photonic crystal fibers are investigated theoretically by the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The transmission spectrum and eigenmodes of optical wave are found to be very sensitive to the geometrical and physical parameters of the structure, as well as to the relative position of the two defects.

A 40-Gb/s optical time division multiplexing (OTDM) return-to-zero (RZ) transmission experiments including a dynamic polarization mode dispersion (PMD) compensation was reported. The dynamic PMD compensator is made up of two-stage four degrees of freedom (DOF). The first stage adopts polarization controller and fixed time-delayed line. The second stage is variable differential group delay (DGD) element. The PMD monitoring technique is based on degree of polarization (DOP) as error signal. A novel practical adaptive optimization algorithm was introduced in dynamic adaptive PMD compensation. The experimental results show that the performance of the PMD compensator is excellent for 40-Gb/s RZ transmission systems with the large DGD. With this compensator, a significant improvement of system performance can be achieved in the eye pattern of a received signal. The first-order compensating ability of the compensator is greater than 30 ps. The second-order compensating ability is greater than 200 ps2. The first-order optimum compensating time is within 10 ms. The second-order optimum compensating time is within 24 ms.

Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) and electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) etching were used in the development of silica layers for planar waveguide applications. The addition of GeH4 to silica was used to control the refractive index of core layers with core-to-clad index differences in the range of 0.2%-1.3%. Refractive index uniformity variance of +-0.0003 was achieved after annealing for 4-inch Si <100&gt wafers. The core layers with thickness up to 6 μm were etched by ECR with optimized recipe and mask material. Low-loss silica-on-silicon waveguides whose propagation loss is approximately 0.07 dB/cm at 1550 nm are fabricated.

The influence of atomic densities on the propagation property for ultrashort pulses in a two-level atom (TLA) medium is investigated. With higher atomic densities, the self-induced transparency (SIT) cannot be recovered even for 2π ultrashort pulses. New features such as pulse splitting, red-shift and blue-shift of the corresponding spectra arise, and the component of central frequency gradually disappears.

We present a compact and high output power diode end-pumped Nd:YAG laser which operates at the wavelength of 1123 nm. Continuous wave (CW) laser output of 2.6 W was achieved at the incident pump power of 15.9 W, indicating an overall optical-optical conversion efficiency of 16.4%, and the slope efficiency was 18%.

We present an all-optical chaotic multi-quantum-well (MQW) laser repeater system to be used in long-haul chaotic communications. Chaotic synchronization is achieved among transmitter, repeater, and receiver. Chaotic repeater communications with a sinusoidal signal of 0.2-GHz modulation frequency and a digital signal of 0.4-Gb/s bit rate are numerically simulated, respectively. Calculation results illustrate that the signals are well decoded by the chaotic repeaters. Its bandwidth and the characteristics at much high bit rate are also analyzed. Simulation shows that the repeater can improve decoding quality, especially in higher bit rate chaotic communications.

Graphite powders were irradiated by pulsed laser at room temperature and normal pressure and then boiled in perchloric acid. Samples were characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), electron diffraction pattern (EDP), X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, and Raman spectroscopy. The analyses on the HRTEM images, EDP, and XRD show that the diamond particles with a size of about 5 nm are obtained. The shifting and broadening of the diamond peak in Raman spectrum indicate that there are high defect density and residual internal stress in synthetic diamond.

The Raman spectra of DNA in different levels of vitamin C with 10- and 30-min ultraviolet (UV) radiations were reported. The intensity of UV radiation was 18.68 W/m2. The experimental results proved that vitamin C could alone prevent UV radiation from damaging DNA, but the effects depended on the concentration of vitamin C. When the concentration of vitamin C was about 0.08-0.4 mmol/L, vitamin C decreased UV radiation-induced DNA's damage. When the concentration of vitamin C exceeded 0.4 mmol/L, vitamin C accelerated DNA's damage instead. Maybe the reason is that when DNA in aqueous solution is radiated by UV, free radicals come into being, and vitamin C can scavenge free radicals, so vitamin C in lower concentration can protect DNA. The quantity of free radicals is finite, when vitamin C is superfluous, free radicals have been scavenged absolutely and vitamin C is residual. Vitamin C is a strong reductant. When the mixture of DNA and residual vitamin C is radiated by UV, vitamin C reacts with DNA. The more residual vitamin C and the longer time of UV radiation, the more DNA is damaged.

The optical limiting behaviors of nano-gold self-assembled multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWNT) were experimentally investigated at 532 and 1064 nm, respectively. The comparison of the limiting performances between carbon nanotube suspension, C60 solution, and carbon black suspension (CBS) was performed. The results show that the optical limiting characteristic of nano-gold self-assembled MWNT is better than those of C60 and CBS. The mechanisms of the optical limiting for the samples were discussed.

By the use of an auxiliary equation, we find bright and dark optical soliton and other soliton solutions for the higher-order nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLSE) with fourth-order dispersion (FOD), cubic-quintic terms, self-steepening, and nonlinear dispersive terms. Moreover, we give the formation condition of the bright and dark solitons for this higher-order NLSE.

The effect of third-order dispersion on breathing localized solutions in the quintic complex Ginzburg-Landau (CGL) equation is investigated. It is found that even small third-order dispersion can cause dramatic changes in the behavior of the solutions, such as breathing solution asymmetrically and travelling slowly towards the right for the positive third-order dispersion. A little larger third-order dispersion causes the solution breathing only on one side and the other side keeping the soliton profile. For the negative dispersion, the same results can be obtained except for the change of the traveling direction. Otherwise, we analyzed the interaction of two breathing solitons and found a simple method to inhibit this interaction.

A novel wideband sensitive dry holographic photopolymer sensitized by rose bengal (RB) and methylene blue (MB) is fabricated, the holographic storage characteristics of which are investigated under different exposure wavelengths. The result shows that the sensitive spectral band exceeds 200 nm in visible light range, the maximum diffraction efficiency under different exposure wavelengths is more than 40% and decreases with the decrease of exposure wavelength, the exposure sensitivity is not change with the exposure wavelength. This photopolymer is appropriate for wavelength multiplexing or multi-wavelength recording in digital holographic storage.

The characteristics of solitons with a localized impurity in Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) are investigated with numerical simulations of the Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation, the effects of the impurity on BEC solitons are discussed, and the atom population transferring ratios between the two BECs as time goes on are analyzed. It is found that population transfer depends on the impurity strength and the parameters of the system of BECs.

The effects of vacuum-induced coherence (VIC) on the properties of the absorption and gain of the probe field in an equispaced three-level ladder atomic system are investigated. It is found that lasing without inversion (LWI) is remarkably enhanced due to the effect of VIC in the case of the small incoherent pump rate.

In Brillouin distributed optical fiber sensor, using optical coherent detection to detect Brillouin scattering optical signal is a good method, but there exists the polarization correlated detection problem. A novel detecting scheme is presented and demonstrated experimentally, which adopts orthogonal polarization diversity reception to resolve the polarization correlated detection problem. A laser is used as pump and reference light sources, a microwave electric-optical modulator (EOM) is adopted to produce frequency shift reference light, a polarization controller is used to control the polarization of the reference light which is changed into two orthogonal polarization for two adjacent acquisition periods. The Brillouin scattering light is coherently detected with the reference light, and the Brillouin scattering optical signal is taken out based on Brillouin frequency shift. After electronic processing, better Brillouin distributed sensing signal is obtained. A 25-km Brillouin distributed optical fiber sensor is achieved.

For the dual-galvanometric laser scanning manufacturing, the traditional geometry algorithm-fθ only considered the distance between the two swaying mirrors, the distance between the swaying mirror and the convex lens, the mirror swaying angle, and the lens focal length. And it could not correctly express the manufacturing track which was made geometry distorted. Based on analysis, a creative geometry control algorithm --- optical entire factors (OEF) was brought forward. From the creative algorithm it can be known that OEF geometry control algorithm was concerned with not only the distance of the two swaying mirrors, distance between the swaying mirror and the convex lens, mirror swaying angle, and lens focal length, but also the lens central height, lens convex radius, and medium refractive index. The manufacturing system can manufacture satisfied geometry with the creative double ends approach (DEA) control model based on OEF in the experiments.