Fig. 1. Two-dimensional phase diagram as calculated in a one-mode approximation.

Fig. 2. Low-angle asymmetric tilt grain boundary structure.

Fig. 3. Simulation diagram of grain boundary dislocation motion under stress with θ = 8°:　(a) n = 400; (b) n = 11400; (c) n = 21200; (d) n = 21600; (e) n = 22000; (f) n = 22500; (g) n = 57050; (h) n = 57500

Fig. 4. (a) Edge dislocation types and (b) its corresponding Burgers vector types

Fig. 5. The n1n2 dislocation pairs is decomposed to n2n3 and n1n6 dislocation pairs.

Fig. 6. The n4n5 dislocation pairs is decomposed to n3n4 and n5n6 dislocation pairs.

Fig. 7. Simulation diagram of grain boundary dislocation motion under stress with θ = 6°:　(a) n = 9500; (b) n = 18500; (c) n = 20600; (d) n = 21500; (e) n = 23500; (f) n = 31100; (g) n = 31800; (h) n = 37500

Fig. 8. Simulation diagram of grain boundary dislocation motion under stress with θ = 7°:　(a) n = 9100; (b) n = 12950; (c) n = 18500; (d) n = 22500; (e) n = 23200; (f) n = 24050; (g) n = 26450; (h) n = 39600

Fig. 9. Simulation diagram of grain boundary dislocation motion under stress with θ = 9°:　(a) n = 10850; (b) n = 18750; (c) n = 21600; (d) n = 22550; (e) n = 24350; (f) n = 27000; (g) n = 54800; (h) n = 58000

Fig. 10. Free energy curve of system under different misorientations