Block Adjustment of Satellite Images Supported by Spaceborne Photon Point Cloud

Wenyi Lai; Yong Fang

doi:10.3788/LOP221362

Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, Volume. 60, Issue 10, 1028013(2023)

Block Adjustment of Satellite Images Supported by Spaceborne Photon Point Cloud

Wenyi Lai¹ and Yong Fang^2、*

Author Affiliations

¹School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China

²Xi'an Research Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China

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Figures & Tables(15)

Fig. 1. Joint block adjustment process flow for spaceborne photon point cloud and stereo images

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Fig. 2. Diagram of 3D terrain profile matching principle between multi-beam photon point cloud and DSM generated by stereo images

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Fig. 3. Terrain feature points extracted from the photon profile point cloud

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Fig. 4. Terrain features extracted from DSM generated by satellite images. (a) Valley line; (b) ridge line; (c) surface peak

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Fig. 5. DSM generated by ZY-3 stereo images

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Fig. 6. Comparison of photon point cloud before and after denoising. (a) Before denoising; (b) after denoising

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Fig. 7. Corresponding relation of terrain features extracted from two kinds of data

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Fig. 8. Distribution map of test area image, connection point, control point, check point in Xianyang

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Table 1. 3D terrain matching results of ICESat-2 point cloud and DSM

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Table 1. 3D terrain matching results of ICESat-2 point cloud and DSM

Track data name	X /m	Y /m	Z /m
ATL03_20181026073719_04230102_004_01	15	22.5	2.35
ATL03_20200113222846_02780606_003_01	1	18	4.06
ATL03_20200221083219_08650602_004_01	-13.5	30	3.81
ATL03_20201021205538_04230902_004_01	-28.5	6	2.59
ATL03_20210111050804_02781006_004_01	-28.5	-16.5	3.10

Table 2. Analysis results of height difference between photon point cloud data and DSM before and after matching

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Table 2. Analysis results of height difference between photon point cloud data and DSM before and after matching

Track data name	Mean		Standard deviation
Track data name	Before matching	After matching	Before matching	After matching
ATL03_20181026073719_04230102_004_01	2.93	1.64	2.61	2.89
ATL03_20200113222846_02780606_003_01	2.57	2.44	3.11	2.64
ATL03_20200221083219_08650602_004_01	3.14	2.98	1.67	1.72
ATL03_20201021205538_04230902_004_01	2.21	1.27	2.10	2.59
ATL03_20210111050804_02781006_004_01	2.25	1.68	2.77	2.58

Table 3. Elevation error statistics under different slopes before and after terrain matching
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Table 3. Elevation error statistics under different slopes before and after terrain matching
Slope ME MAE RMSE
Before matching After matching Before matching After matching Before matching After matching
0°-2° 2.02 1.52 2.32 1.75 5.07 4.08
2°-6° 3.72 2.79 4.32 3.29 8.51 6.47
>6° 2.94 1.65 3.39 2.72 15.48 11.28

Table 4. Statistical results of terrain feature points extracted from photon point cloud data

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Table 4. Statistical results of terrain feature points extracted from photon point cloud data

Track data	Number of points
ATL03_20181026073719_04230102_004_01	33
ATL03_20200113222846_02780606_003_01	19
ATL03_20200221083219_08650602_004_01	20
ATL03_20201021205538_04230902_004_01	13
ATL03_20210111050804_02781006_004_01	32

Table 5. Accuracy statistics of uncontrolled block adjustment and auxiliary block adjustment

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Table 5. Accuracy statistics of uncontrolled block adjustment and auxiliary block adjustment

Control condition	Mean square error of image point /pixel	Number of control points	Number of checkpoints	Plane error /m	Elevation error /m
Uncontrolled	0.629			8.12	8.99
SRTM auxiliary	0.330			6.65	2.019
1 track photon point cloud assist	0.328	10	5	2.68	1.450
1 track photon point cloud assist	0.326	18	7	2.64	1.390
5 track photon point cloud assist	0.325	10	50	2.57	1.325
5 track photon point cloud assist	0.325	15	73	2.56	1.319

Table 6. Statistical results of terrain feature points extracted from photon point cloud data in Xi'an
View table
Table 6. Statistical results of terrain feature points extracted from photon point cloud data in Xi'an
Track name Number of points
ATL03_20181217171333_12230106_003_01 13
ATL03_20190416112928_02780306_003_01 44

Table 7. Accuracy statistics of uncontrolled block adjustment and auxiliary block adjustment

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Table 7. Accuracy statistics of uncontrolled block adjustment and auxiliary block adjustment

Control condition	Mean square error of image point /pixel	Number of control points	Number of checkpoints	Plane error /m	Elevation error /m
Uncontrolled	0.675			8.17	9.216
SRTM auxiliary	0.331			6.68	2.321
Photon point cloud assist	0.327	10	16	2.71	1.526

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Wenyi Lai, Yong Fang. Block Adjustment of Satellite Images Supported by Spaceborne Photon Point Cloud[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2023, 60(10): 1028013

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Paper Information

Category: Remote Sensing and Sensors

Received: Apr. 20, 2022

Accepted: May. 21, 2022

Published Online: May. 17, 2023

The Author Email: Fang Yong (yong.fang@vip.sina.com)

DOI:10.3788/LOP221362

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. 3D terrain matching results of ICESat-2 point cloud and DSM

Table 1. 3D terrain matching results of ICESat-2 point cloud and DSM

Table 2. Analysis results of height difference between photon point cloud data and DSM before and after matching

Table 2. Analysis results of height difference between photon point cloud data and DSM before and after matching

Table 3. Elevation error statistics under different slopes before and after terrain matching

Table 3. Elevation error statistics under different slopes before and after terrain matching

Table 4. Statistical results of terrain feature points extracted from photon point cloud data

Table 4. Statistical results of terrain feature points extracted from photon point cloud data

Table 5. Accuracy statistics of uncontrolled block adjustment and auxiliary block adjustment

Table 5. Accuracy statistics of uncontrolled block adjustment and auxiliary block adjustment

Table 6. Statistical results of terrain feature points extracted from photon point cloud data in Xi'an

Table 6. Statistical results of terrain feature points extracted from photon point cloud data in Xi'an

Table 7. Accuracy statistics of uncontrolled block adjustment and auxiliary block adjustment

Table 7. Accuracy statistics of uncontrolled block adjustment and auxiliary block adjustment