Acta Physica Sinica, Volume. 69, Issue 15, 154104-1(2020)

Progress of novel electromagnetic cloaking research

Tian-Hang Chen... Bin Zheng*, Chao Qian and Hong-Sheng Chen* |Show fewer author(s)
Author Affiliations
  • Key Labortary of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, College of Information Science & Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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    Figures & Tables(15)
    Examples of absorbing or directional scattering cloaking methods: The unique appearance of U.S. Air Force F117A stealth fighter enables it to be effectively cloaked under the single-based station radar system
    Examples of absorption cloaking. (a) A mid-infrared absorption cloaking sheet[32]. Most of the reflected wave will be absorbed without entering any detector. (b) Effect of infrared cloaking/illusion on thermal images[33].
    “A perfect cloak”[37]. The electromagnetic wave still propagates in the original direction after passing through the designed anisotropic cloaking sphere.
    The working principle and effect of “self-cloaked material”[39]: (a) Effective parameters of the solid slab composed of closely arranged corrugated wires with different layer thickness; (b) steady-state electric field distribution under an oblique plane-wave incidence at 10 GHz upon such self-cloaked material.
    Schematic of the scattering cancellation cloaking method[41].
    Photo of cloak based on transformation optics[61].
    Invisibility cloak designed by homogeneous transformation optics[64]: (a) The original virtual space of the transform; the red line represents a selected ray; (b) real space after transformation; the red line represents the transformed ray; (c) layered system for modeling the one-directional cloak.
    A TM wave visible light invisibility cloak composed of calcite under natural light designed by homogeneous transformation optics[68].
    Schematics of a nature light cloak for large objects when the phase consistency is ignored[71]: (a), (b) Dynamic monitoring of a fish swimming through the aquatic ray cloak; (c), (d) experimental observation of a cat in the terrestrial ray cloak.
    Carpet invisibility cloak: (a) The design of carpet invisibility cloak[74], through the compression of virtual space, the blue region of right sub-figure is transformed to the blue region in the left sub-figure, thus concealing the green objects existing in the real space in figure (a); (b) experimentally realized carpet invisibility cloak and I-shaped unit structure by Liu et al[75].
    (a) A schematic of carpet cloak[84]; (b) schematic view of a visible spectrum invisibility cloak[86]; (c) cloaking devices designed at terahertz and millimeter wave frequencies by applying ring resonators to metasurfaces[88]; (d) a full-polarization carpet cloak by applying closed-loop resonators[92].
    (a) Cloaking by designing a “complementary media” [97]; (b) remote cloaking based on multi-folded transformation optics[100]
    Experimental realization of active cloaking: (a) Active invisibility cloak at microwave frequency[110]; (b) active direct current field invisibility cloak[111]; (c) active heat conduction field invisibility cloak[112].
    Examples of imitation cloaking methods: (a) The protective color of a frog (Rana dalmatina) makes it difficult to be distinguished from the grasslands environment; (b) the scattering wave of soldiers in ghillie suit is almost the same as that of grasslands background, which is difficult to be spotted by enemy observers.
    Tunable invisibility cloak: (a) Temperature tunable one-dimensional transformation optics invisibility cloak[137]; (b) carpet cloaking/illusion device based on tunable metasurface[140]; (c) the time-domain digital-coding metasurface which is able to create the analogue of Doppler shift, or velocity illusion[141]; (d) deep learning-enabled self-adaptive microwave cloak[143].
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    Tian-Hang Chen, Bin Zheng, Chao Qian, Hong-Sheng Chen. Progress of novel electromagnetic cloaking research[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2020, 69(15): 154104-1

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    Paper Information

    Received: Jun. 26, 2020

    Accepted: --

    Published Online: Dec. 30, 2020

    The Author Email: Chen Hong-Sheng (hansomchen@zju.edu.cn)

    DOI:10.7498/aps.69.20200976

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