Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the proposed photonic microwave phase-shifting system and the signal frequency spectrums at different positions

Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of DPMZM_i(i=1, 2, 3, 4)

Fig. 3. Optical spectrums of the DP-DPMZM₁ output signal on two polarization directions

Fig. 4. Optical spectrums of the PC₂ output signal on two polarization directions

Fig. 5. Optical spectrums of two sidebands with different frequency spacings of on the X-axis polarization direction after Pol

Fig. 6. Electrical spectrums of microwave signal with different FMFs after PD

Fig. 7. GHz output microwave signal with different phase shifts －180° to 180°

Fig. 8. Temporal waveforms of the microwave signal with different FMFs under different phase shifts

Fig. 9. OSSR and ESSR of the output microwave signal with different ER

Fig. 10. The output microwave signal phase drift Δφ and amplitude variation ΔA versus the DC driving voltageV_DC at different phase shifts 80°≤θ≤100° of 90°hybrid coupler