High-speed 2D beam steering based on a thin-film lithium niobate optical phased array with a large field of view

Wenlei Li; Xu Zhao; Jianghao He; Hao Yan; Bingcheng Pan; Zichen Guo; Xiang’e Han; Jingye Chen; Daoxin Dai; Yaocheng Shi

doi:10.1364/PRJ.502439

Photonics Research, Volume. 11, Issue 11, 1912(2023)

High-speed 2D beam steering based on a thin-film lithium niobate optical phased array with a large field of view

Wenlei Li¹, Xu Zhao², Jianghao He¹, Hao Yan¹, Bingcheng Pan¹, Zichen Guo², Xiang’e Han², Jingye Chen^1,3, Daoxin Dai¹, and Yaocheng Shi^1、*

Author Affiliations

¹State Key Laboratory for Modern Optical Instrumentation, Center for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Ningbo Research Institute, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, China

²School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China

³e-mail: jingyechen@zju.edu.cn

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Figures & Tables(8)

Fig. 1. (a) Schematic of the proposed TFLN OPA. (b) Cross-sectional view of the device. (c) Simulated optical mode field and static electrical field distribution in the modulation region. (d) Optical microscope image of the fabricated slab grating antenna.

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Fig. 2. (a) Simulated microwave mode profile. Calculated frequency dependence of (b) characteristic impedance, (c) microwave index, and (d) microwave loss.

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Fig. 3. (a) Calculated far-field distribution of the proposed OPA in the phase tuning direction. (b) Calculated steering angle varying with wavelength in the wavelength tuning direction.

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Fig. 4. (a) Optical microscope image of the fabricated chip. (b) Image of electrical and optical packaged chip.

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Fig. 5. (a) Schematic of the measurement setup for Vπ. (b) Measured optical transmission response as a function of the applied voltage. (c) Schematic of the measurement setup for the small-signal EO response. (d) Measured EO S21 of the MZI modulator.

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Fig. 6. Schematic diagram of the far-field characterization setup.

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Fig. 7. (a) Image of far-field distribution and (b) measured optical power distribution versus angle in the phase tuning direction. (c) Image of far-field distribution and (d) measured optical power distribution versus angle in the wavelength scanning direction. (e) Measured beam width.

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Table 1. Performance Comparison of the Reported High-Speed OPAs

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Table 1. Performance Comparison of the Reported High-Speed OPAs

Ref.	Platform	Modulation Mechanism	FOV (°)	Beam Width (°)	Power Consumption	Bandwidth
[14]	Si	Charge-injection	$8.9 \times 2.2$	$0.92 \times 0.32$	$17 mW/ π$	324 MHz
[15]	EO polymer	Pockels effect	19.1	3.9	$47.5 μW / π$	2 MHz
[17]	InP	Carrier injection	8.88	0.11	$48 mW/ 2 π$	$< 16 ns$
[13]	Si	Carrier depletion	$36 \times 3.4$	$0.85 \times 0.25$	$0.45 nW / π$	700 MHz
[23]	TFLN	Pockels effect	$24 \times 8$	$2 \times 0.6$	$13.5 pJ/ π$ ^a	4.2 GHz^a
This work	TFLN	Pockels effect	$50 \times 8.6$	$0.73 \times 2.8$	$0.33 nJ/ π$	2.5 GHz

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Wenlei Li, Xu Zhao, Jianghao He, Hao Yan, Bingcheng Pan, Zichen Guo, Xiang’e Han, Jingye Chen, Daoxin Dai, Yaocheng Shi. High-speed 2D beam steering based on a thin-film lithium niobate optical phased array with a large field of view[J]. Photonics Research, 2023, 11(11): 1912

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Paper Information

Category: Integrated Optics

Received: Aug. 2, 2023

Accepted: Sep. 10, 2023

Published Online: Oct. 25, 2023

The Author Email: Yaocheng Shi (yaocheng@zju.edu.cn)

DOI:10.1364/PRJ.502439

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology