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Advanced Photonics, Volume. 2, Issue 2, 026003(2020)

Enhanced light–matter interactions in dielectric nanostructures via machine-learning approach Article Video

Lei Xu1,2, Mohsen Rahmani2,3,4、*, Yixuan Ma1, Daria A. Smirnova3, Khosro Zangeneh Kamali3,4, Fu Deng1, Yan Kei Chiang1, Lujun Huang1, Haoyang Zhang5, Stephen Gould6, Dragomir N. Neshev3,4, and Andrey E. Miroshnichenko1、*
Author Affiliations
  • 1University of New South Wales, School of Engineering and Information Technology, Canberra, Australia
  • 2Nottingham Trent University, School of Science & Technology, Department of Engineering, Advanced Optics and Photonics Laboratory, Nottingham, United Kingdom
  • 3Australian National University, Research School of Physics, Nonlinear Physics Centre, Canberra, Australia
  • 4Australian National University, Research School of Physics, ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (TMOS), Canberra, Australia
  • 5Queensland University of Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
  • 6Australian National University, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Canberra, Australia
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    (a) Top: (top left) Schematics of the silicon nanobars metasurface and (top right) its unit cell. Bottom: Calculated transmission spectrum of the metasurface with structural parameters w=316 nm, L=580 nm, x0=189 nm. (b) Spherical multipolar structure of the metasurface. (c) Top: Cartesian ED and TD modes excitations. Bottom: The electric energy enhancement ηE/ηE0. It is defined as the electric energy inside the two nanobars normalized by the electric energy within the same volume of the nanobars for the pump field. (d) Electric near-field distributions at the resonance. Left: 3-D view. Right: top view.

    Fig. 1. (a) Top: (top left) Schematics of the silicon nanobars metasurface and (top right) its unit cell. Bottom: Calculated transmission spectrum of the metasurface with structural parameters w=316  nm, L=580  nm, x0=189  nm. (b) Spherical multipolar structure of the metasurface. (c) Top: Cartesian ED and TD modes excitations. Bottom: The electric energy enhancement ηE/ηE0. It is defined as the electric energy inside the two nanobars normalized by the electric energy within the same volume of the nanobars for the pump field. (d) Electric near-field distributions at the resonance. Left: 3-D view. Right: top view.

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    The architecture of the TN model, which consists of an inverse-design network connected to a pretrained forward model network. X represents the input and output, which is the transmission spectra data in our case, and Y represents the output in the middle layer which is the structural parameters here.

    Fig. 2. The architecture of the TN model, which consists of an inverse-design network connected to a pretrained forward model network. X represents the input and output, which is the transmission spectra data in our case, and Y represents the output in the middle layer which is the structural parameters here.

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    (a) Evolution of the training loss for the forward model network. (b) Comparison of the NN approximation to the real transmission spectrum. (c) Evolution of the training loss for the inverse-design model network. (d) Comparison of the spectra between the NN approximation and the input based on Eq. (2).

    Fig. 3. (a) Evolution of the training loss for the forward model network. (b) Comparison of the NN approximation to the real transmission spectrum. (c) Evolution of the training loss for the inverse-design model network. (d) Comparison of the spectra between the NN approximation and the input based on Eq. (2).

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    Inverse design of Si nanobar metasurfaces with Fano-shape transmission spectra. (a)–(c) λ0=1450, 1500, and 1550 nm, respectively. Δλ=15 nm, q=0.8. (d)–(f) λ0=1500 nm, Δλ=10 nm, q=0.3, 0.5, and 0.7, respectively. (g)–(i) λ0=1500 nm, Δλ=5, 15, and 25 nm, respectively, q=0.7.

    Fig. 4. Inverse design of Si nanobar metasurfaces with Fano-shape transmission spectra. (a)–(c) λ0=1450, 1500, and 1550 nm, respectively. Δλ=15  nm, q=0.8. (d)–(f) λ0=1500  nm, Δλ=10  nm, q=0.3, 0.5, and 0.7, respectively. (g)–(i) λ0=1500  nm, Δλ=5, 15, and 25 nm, respectively, q=0.7.

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    (a) SEM image of the fabricated sample with designed resonance at 1500 nm. (b) Experimentally measured linear spectra. (c) Experimentally measured THG spectra of the samples.

    Fig. 5. (a) SEM image of the fabricated sample with designed resonance at 1500 nm. (b) Experimentally measured linear spectra. (c) Experimentally measured THG spectra of the samples.

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    (a)–(c) Optomechanic vibration under the y-polarized pump. (a) Displacement of the nanobars after 1 ns. (b) The transient displacement Dx and Dy. (c) Spectral densities of displacement Dx and Dy. (d)–(f) Optomechanical vibration under the x-polarized pump. (d) Displacement of the nanobars after 1 ns. (e) The transient displacement Dx and Dy. (f) Spectral densities of displacement Dx and Dy.

    Fig. 6. (a)–(c) Optomechanic vibration under the y-polarized pump. (a) Displacement of the nanobars after 1 ns. (b) The transient displacement Dx and Dy. (c) Spectral densities of displacement Dx and Dy. (d)–(f) Optomechanical vibration under the x-polarized pump. (d) Displacement of the nanobars after 1 ns. (e) The transient displacement Dx and Dy. (f) Spectral densities of displacement Dx and Dy.

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    The spectral density of D in the (a) x and (b) y directions for different laser pump wavelengths.

    Fig. 7. The spectral density of D in the (a) x and (b) y directions for different laser pump wavelengths.

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    Lei Xu, Mohsen Rahmani, Yixuan Ma, Daria A. Smirnova, Khosro Zangeneh Kamali, Fu Deng, Yan Kei Chiang, Lujun Huang, Haoyang Zhang, Stephen Gould, Dragomir N. Neshev, Andrey E. Miroshnichenko, "Enhanced light–matter interactions in dielectric nanostructures via machine-learning approach," Adv. Photon. 2, 026003 (2020)

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    Paper Information

    Category: Research Articles

    Received: Mar. 15, 2020

    Accepted: Apr. 13, 2020

    Published Online: Apr. 30, 2020

    The Author Email: Rahmani Mohsen (mohsen.rahmani@anu.edu.au), Miroshnichenko Andrey E. (andrey.miroshnichenko@unsw.edu.au)

    DOI:10.1117/1.AP.2.2.026003

    Topics

    laser devices and laser physics
    Lasers and Laser Optics
    Laser physics
    laser manufacturing
    Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology