Chinese Optics Letters, Volume. 21, Issue 2, 022601(2023)
Full description of dipole orientation in organic light-emitting diodes
Fig. 1. (a) Multi-layer films for modeling OLEDs. (b) Energy reflection and transmission coefficients of multi-layer films. (c) Upper panel: the orientation of a dipole. Lower panel: dipole orientations in layer 0.
Fig. 2. Physical meaning of the orientation parameters vx, vz, and vx,z. Left panel: the dipole vector is decomposed along the y axis and x–z plane. Right panel: the dipole vector in the x–z plane is further decomposed along the x and z axes.
Fig. 3. Test structure designed for extracting the orientation parameters (left panel). The refractive indices of the glass substrate and organic thin film are 1.524 and 1.72, and the emission wavelength is 500 nm. A hemispherical prism, whose refractive index is the same as the substrate, is along the glass substrate side. Simulated non-polarized power densities of the test structure (h0 = 20 nm) with different orientations (right panel).
Fig. 4. Determining thickness h0 of the test structure for extracting orientation parameters vx, vz, and vx,z. (a)–(d) Simulated different components of the power densities
Fig. 5. Simulated spectra with different orientation parameters and thickness h0 of the test structure at 160 nm. Simulated spectra with different parameters vz (red lines), vx = 0.5, and vx,z = 0. Simulated spectra with different parameters vx (yellow lines), vz = 0, and vx,z = 0. Simulated spectra with different parameters vx,z (blue lines), vz = 0.5, and vx = 0.5.
Fig. 6. Results of orientation parameter retrieval. (a) Orientation distribution of 1000 simulated dipoles, which has a Gaussian distribution centered at θ = 80° and ϕ = 200° (left). The four Fourier components of this distribution (middle). The calculated orientation parameters by Eq. (
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Lingjie Fan, Maoxiong Zhao, Jiao Chu, Tangyao Shen, Minjia Zheng, Fang Guan, Haiwei Yin, Lei Shi, Jian Zi. Full description of dipole orientation in organic light-emitting diodes[J]. Chinese Optics Letters, 2023, 21(2): 022601
Category: Physical Optics
Received: May. 25, 2022
Accepted: Aug. 15, 2022
Posted: Aug. 15, 2022
Published Online: Sep. 23, 2022
The Author Email: Lei Shi (lshi@fudan.edu.cn), Jian Zi (jzi@fudan.edu.cn)