Copper germanate has attracted wide attention because of its spin-Peierls transition and excellent lithium storage performance. Typical hydrothermal method uses weak acid salts such as Cu(CH₃COO)₂ to promote the ionization of water to obtain OH ^- required for the growth of CuGeO₃. Although the operation is facile, the reaction time is long and the efficiency is low. In this work, CuCl₂ was used as the copper source instead of Cu(CH₃COO)₂ and the pH of precursor solution was adjusted to control the adsorption capacity of each crystal plane and the supersaturation of the solution, so as to achieve efficient preparation of CuGeO₃ nanorods and CuGeO₃ hexagonal nanosheets, effectively shortening the reaction time to 8 h. Based on this, one-dimensional structure-directing agent ethylenediamine was added to accelerate the reaction process while limiting the two-dimensional planar growth of CuGeO₃, and six different sizes ( 100 nm, 200-300 nm, 350-500 nm, 400-700 nm, 1-2 μm and 1-3 μm) of uniform CuGeO₃ nanowires were efficiently prepared.