Fig. 1. NIF hohlraum: this artist’s rendering shows a NIF target pellet inside a hohlraum capsule with laser beams entering through openings on either end. The beams generate X-rays that compress and heat the target to the necessary conditions for nuclear fusion to occur. Ignition experiments at the NIF are the result of more than 50 years of inertial confinement fusion research and development, opening the door to exploration of previously inaccessible physical regimes (image copyright: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory).