Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of off⁃axis Fresnel digital hologram recording

Fig. 2. Method for off⁃axis Fresnel digital hologram reconstruction based on deep learning

Fig. 3. The structure model of ResNet

Fig. 4. Structure of each module in ResNet model

Fig. 5. Training samples of numerical simulation experiment

Fig. 6. The training loss curves in ResNet training by using L2 loss functions

Fig. 7. Schematic diagram of off⁃axis Fresnel digital hologram recording

Fig. 8. Off⁃axis Fresnel digital hologram nonlinear reconstruction with ResNet

Fig. 9. ResNet reconstruction results of test dateset with different diffraction distances (plane wave training, z₀=0.3 m)

Fig. 10. Distance Robust ResNet reconstruction results for different diffraction distance (plane wave)

Fig. 11. The MAE, RMSE, and SSIM of Distance Robust ResNet reconstruction results and corresponding object images for different diffraction distance (plane wave)