With the rapid development of cutting-edge technology fields such as aerospace and defense, high-temperature structural materials are needed for key hot-end components. High-entropy alloy and ceramic eutectic composites are a kind of eutectic composites composed of high-entropy alloy and ceramic, having high density and high-temperature properties. The eutectic composites exhibit superior high-temperature strength and room-temperature plasticity via combining the performance advantages of high-entropy alloys, ceramics, and eutectic composites, which have attracted recent attention.High-temperature high-entropy alloy and ceramic eutectic composites are mainly composed of refractory metal elements and high-melting non-metallic elements such as C, Si and B, which have a high density up to 13.31 g/cm3. The phase composition and eutectic structure can be effectively predicted by a phase diagram software named CALPHAD, while the predicted difference in eutectic points originates from the limited simulation databases. The eutectic composites are composed of refractory body-centered cubic (BCC) high-entropy alloy and ceramic phase with a eutectic structure, in which the two phases exhibit a semi-coherent interface with a low interface energy and a high stability. After annealed at 1 573 K for 168 h or deformed at 1 473 K, the eutectic composite maintains a phase and structural stability. The high-temperature high-entropy alloy and ceramic eutectic composites have superior high-temperature strength and room-temperature plasticity via combining the synergistic effects from strong bonding interface, fine grain strengthening, and second phase strengthening, which are better than the reported high-temperature high-entropy alloys and their ceramic composites. In addition, the high-temperature high-entropy alloy and ceramic eutectic composites derived from the optimization of alloying elements also possess high-temperature oxidation resistance, wear resistance and corrosion resistance.Summary and prospects The high-temperature eutectic composites composed of high-entropy alloy and ceramic have superior eutectic structural stability and performance such as high-temperature strength, which are expected to be applied in the high-temperature fields. However, the corresponding research on these eutectic composites is still in infancy, a relationship among composition, structure and performance is relatively unclear. In the future, the development of these eutectic composites is mainly carried out from five aspects, i.e., theoretical design and computational simulation, synthesis and preparation of new materials, multi-scale structure design, high-temperature oxidation resistance of enhanced materials, and improvement of mechanical properties of materials.