Journal of Geographical Sciences, Volume. 30, Issue 2, 212(2020)

Geomorphological regionalization theory system and division methodology of China

Nan WANG1...2, Weiming CHENG1,2,3,4,*, Baixue WANG1,2, Qiangyi LIU1,2, and Chenghu ZHOU12 |Show fewer author(s)
Author Affiliations
  • 1. State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
  • 2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • 3. Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China
  • 4. Collaborative Innovation Center of South China Sea Studies, Nanjing 210093, China
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    Figures & Tables(8)
    Three-order geomorphologic regionalization (geomor-regions) in China(The names and codes of geomor-regions are shown in Tables 2-7.)
    • Table 1.

      Examples of coding and naming methods of three-order geomor-regions in China

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      Table 1.

      Examples of coding and naming methods of three-order geomor-regions in China

      OrderFirst-order major-regionSecond-order sub-regionThird-order small-region
      Coding methodsRoman numeralsI, II, III…Capitalized letter in alphabetic order A, B, C…Arabic numerals1, 2, 3…
      Region exampleEastern China plains, low mountains and hills regionNorthern and Eastern China plains sub-regionHuang-Huai-Hai alluvial plain small-region
      Coding exampleIIGIG4
    • Table 2.

      Names and codes of the second-order sub-regions and third-order small-regions of Eastern China Plains-Low Mountains-Hills Region I

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      Table 2.

      Names and codes of the second-order sub-regions and third-order small-regions of Eastern China Plains-Low Mountains-Hills Region I

      Second-order sub-regionsThird-order small-regions
      CodesNamesCodesNames
      IAWanda Mt and Sanjiang Plain low mountains and hills sub-regionIA1Sanjiang alluvial plains small-region
      IA2Wanda Mt low mountains and hills small-region
      IA3Xingkai Lake alluvial-lacustrine plains small-region
      IBChangbai Mt middle and low mountains, platforms and hills sub-regionIB1Changbai Mt middle and low mountains, lava platforms small-region
      IB2Eastern Liaoning low mountains and hills small-region
      IB3Zhangguangcai Mt middle and low mountains and hills small-region
      ICEastern Shandong low mountains, hills and plains sub-regionIC1Jiaodong low mountains and hills small-region
      IC2Jiaolai alluvial plains small-region
      IC3Central Shandong middle and low mountains and hills small-region
      IDXiao Hinggan Mt low mountains, hills and platforms sub-regionID1Eastern Xiao Hinggan Mt low mountains and hills small-region
      ID2Western Xiao Hinggan Mt hills and lava platforms small-region
      IESonghua River-Liaohe River Plains sub-regionIE1Xiao Hinggan and Dahei Mts piedmont alluvial-diluvial plains and platforms small-region
      IE2Lower reaches of Liaohe River alluvial-marine plains small-region
      IE3Songhua River-Nenjiang River alluvial-lacustrine plains small-region
      IE4Upper reaches of Liaohe River diluvial-alluvial plains small-region
      IE5Eastern foot of Da Hinggan Mts hills small-region
      IE6Middle reaches of Liaohe River alluvial plains small-region
      Second-order sub-regionsThird-order small-regions
      CodesNamesCodesNames
      IFYanshan Mts & western Liaoning low mountains, hills and platforms sub-regionIF1Western Liaoning hills and platforms small-region
      IF2Yanshan Mt low mountains and hills small-region
      IGNorthern and Eastern China plains sub-regionIG1Bohai Sea marine plains small-region
      IG2Northern Jiangsu lacustrine-marine plains small-region
      IG3Jiangsu and Zhejiang alluvial delta plains small-region
      IG4Huang-Huai-Hai alluvial plain small-region
      IG5Piedmont of Taihang Mts diluvial-alluvial plains small-region
      IG6Piedmont of Funiu and Dabie Mts alluvial-diluvial plains small- region
      IHNingzhen plains, hills and mounds sub-regionIH1Chuzhou low mountains, hills, mounds and plains small-region
      IH2Southern Yangtze River hills and plains small-region
      IH3Nanjing lower reaches of Yangtze River Plains small-region
    • Table 3.

      Names and codes of the second-order sub-regions and third-order small-regions of Southeastern China Low Mountains-Hills-Plains Region II

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      Table 3.

      Names and codes of the second-order sub-regions and third-order small-regions of Southeastern China Low Mountains-Hills-Plains Region II

      Second-order sub-regionsThird-order small-regions
      CodesNamesCodesNames
      IIAZhejiang and Fujian middle and low mountains, hills and valleys sub-regionIIA1Zhejiang and Anhui middle and low mountains, hills and valleys small-region
      IIA2Zhejiang and Fujian costal low mountains, hills and plains small-region
      IIA3Central Zhejiang and Fujian middle and low mountains, hills and valleys small-region
      IIA4Wuyi Mt middle and low mountains, hills and valleys small-region
      IIBHuaiyang low mountains, hills and mounds sub-regionIIB1Tongbai and Dabie Mts middle and low mountains and hills small- region
      IIB2Nanyang Basin low mountains, hills, platforms and plains small-region
      IICMiddle reaches of Yangtze River low mountains, hills, plains and basins sub-regionIIC1Middle reaches of Yangtze River alluvial plains small-region
      IIC2Jianghan lacustrine-alluvial plains small-region
      IIC3Poyang Lake hills, mounds, alluvial-lacustrine plains small-region
      IIC4Southern Jiangxi low mountains, hills and basins small-region
      IIC5Mufu and Luoxiao Mts middle and low mountains, hills and basins small-region
      IIC6Central-southern Hunan middle and low mountains, hills and basins small-region
      IIDSouthern China low mountains, hills and plains sub-regionIID1Eastern Guangdong coastal low mountains, hills, platforms and plains small-region
      IID2Eastern Guangdong low mountains, hills, parallel ridges and valleys small-region
      IID3Nanling Mts middle and low mountains and basins small-region
      IID4Pearl River Delta plains small-region
      IID5Guangdong and Guangxi low mountains, hills and basins small-region
      IID6Western Guangxi karst low mountains, hills and basins small-region
      IID7Guangdong and Guangxi coastal hills, platforms and plains small-region
      IID8Northern Hainan platforms and plains small-region
      IID9Southern Hainan middle and low mountains and hills small-region
      IIETaiwan plains and mountains of sub-regionIIE1Eastern Taiwan middle and low mountains and hills small-region
      IIE2Western Taiwan low mountains, hills and plains small-region
    • Table 4.

      Names and codes of the second-order sub-regions and third-order small-regions of Northern China-Eastern Inner Mongolia Middle Mountains-Plateaus Region III

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      Table 4.

      Names and codes of the second-order sub-regions and third-order small-regions of Northern China-Eastern Inner Mongolia Middle Mountains-Plateaus Region III

      Second-order sub-regionsThird-order small-regions
      CodesNamesCodesNames
      IIIADa Hinggan Mt middle and low mountains sub-regionIIIA1Northern Da Hinggan Mt middle and low mountains and hills small-region
      IIIA2Southern Da Hinggan Mt middle and low mountains and hills small-region
      IIIA3Northwestern Hebei middle and low mountains small-region
      IIIA4Da Hinggan Mt west slope low mountains and hills small-region
      IIIBShanxi middle and low mountains and basins sub-regionIIIB1Northern Shanxi middle and low mountains and basins small-region
      IIIB2Taihang Mt middle and low mountains and hills small-region
      IIIB3Central-southern Shanxi basins small-region
      IIIB4Lvliang Mt middle and low mountains and hills small-region
      IIICNortheastern Inner Mongolia high plains sub-regionIIIC1Hulun Buir plateau small-region
      IIIC2Xilin Gol plateau small-region
      IIIC3Ulanqab high plain small-region
      IIIDOrdos Plateau and Hetao Plains sub-regionIIID1Yinshan Mt middle and low mountains small-region
      IIID2Hetao alluvial plains small-region
      IIID3Ordos Plateau small-region
      IIID4Helan Mt subalpine mountains small-region
      IIIELoess Plateau sub-regionIIIE1Northern Shaanxi loessic ridges, tablelands and mounds small-region
      IIIE2Fenhe and Weihe diluvial-alluvial plains and platforms small-region
      IIIE3Liupan Mt middle and low mountains, hills and valleys small-region
      IIIE4Gansu middle mountains, loessic ridges and mounds small-region
    • Table 5.

      Names and codes of the second-order sub-regions and third-order small-regions of Northwestern China High and Middle Mountains-Basins-Plateaus Region IV

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      Table 5.

      Names and codes of the second-order sub-regions and third-order small-regions of Northwestern China High and Middle Mountains-Basins-Plateaus Region IV

      Second-order sub-regionsThird-order small-regions
      CodesNamesCodesNames
      IVAInner Mongolia, Gansu and Xinjiang plateaus, hills and plains sub-regionIVA1Alxa plateaus, hills, aeolian plains small-region
      IVA2Mazong Mt middle mountains and hills small-region
      IVA3Hexi Corridor alluvial-diluvial plains small-region
      IVA4Gaxun Gobi hills and basins small-region
      IVA5Turpan-Hami alluvial-diluvial plains small-region
      IVBAltai Mt high and middle mountains sub-regionIVB1Altay Mt high and middle mountains small-region
      IVB2Altay Mt low mountains and hills small-region
      IVCJunggar Basin sub-regionIVC1Ulungur and Ertix rivers alluvial plains small-region
      IVC2Eastern Junggar Basin hills and plains small-region
      IVC3Gurbantunggut Desert small-region
      IVC4Western Junggar middle mountains and hills small-region
      IVC5Southern margin of Junggar Basin diluvial-alluvial plains small-region
      IVC6Tianshan Mt north piedmont low mountains, hills and plains small-region
      Second-order sub-regionsThird-order small-regions
      CodesNamesCodesNames
      IVDTianshan Mt high mountains and basins sub-regionIVD1Eastern Tianshan Mt high mountains small-region
      IVD2Northern Tianshan Mt high mountains small-region
      IVD3Central Tianshan Mt high mountains and basins small-region
      IVD4Yanqi Basin small-region
      IVD5Southern Tianshan Mt high mountains small-region
      IVETarim Basin sub-regionIVE1Baicheng front range hills and basins small-region
      IVE2Northern Tarim River lacustrine-alluvial plains small-region
      IVE3Southeastern margin of Tarim River alluvial-diluvial platforms and plains small-region
      IVE4Taklimakan Desert aeolian dunes small-region
      IVE5Southern margin of Tarim River alluvial-diluvial plains small-region
      IVE6Keping front range hills and basins small-region
      IVE7Kashgar diluvial-alluvial plains small-region
    • Table 6.

      Names and codes of the second-order sub-regions and third-order small-regions of Southwestern China Middle and Low Mountains-Plateaus-Basins Region V

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      Table 6.

      Names and codes of the second-order sub-regions and third-order small-regions of Southwestern China Middle and Low Mountains-Plateaus-Basins Region V

      Second-order sub-regionsThird-order small-regions
      CodesNamesCodesNames
      VAQinling-Daba Mts middle and low mountains sub-regionVA1Qinling Mts middle and high mountains small-region
      VA2Southern Henan and Hanzhong middle and low mountains, hills and valleys small-region
      VA3Daba Mt middle and low mountains and valleys small-region
      VBHubei-Guizhou-Yunnan middle and low mountains and valleys sub-regionVB1Western Hubei plateau-Dalei Mt middle and low mountains, hilly plateaus and valleys small-region
      VB2Wuling Mt middle and low mountains and valleys small-region
      VB3Xuefeng Mt middle and low mountains small-region
      VB4Southern Sichuan-Northern Guizhou-Eastern Yunnan karst plateaus and middle mountains small-region
      VB5Central Guizhou karst middle mountains, hilly plateaus and basins small-region
      VB6Southern Guizhou-southeastern Yunnan karst plateaus and middle mountains small-region
      VCSichuan Basinsub-regionVC1Eastern Sichuan parallel low mountains, ridges and valleys small-region
      VC2Northern Sichuan Basin low mountains and hills small-region
      VC3Central Sichuan Basin hills and platforms small-region
      VC4Western Sichuan Basin alluvial plains small-region
      VC5Southern Sichuan Basin low mountains and hills small-region
      VDSouthwestern Sichuan and Central Yunnan Plateaus, middle and low mountains and basins sub-regionVD1Wumeng and Liangshan Mts middle and high mountains small-region
      VD2Central Yunnan karst plateaus middle mountains and valleys small-region
      VD3Yanyuan and Chuxiong plateaus middle mountains and basins small-region
      VESouthwestern Yunnan middle and high mountains sub-regionVE1Southern Hengduan Mt middle and high mountains small-region
      VE2Western Yunnan middle mountains and basins small-region
      VE3Southwestern Yunnan middle mountains and valleys small-region
    • Table 7.

      Names and codes of the second-order sub-regions and third-order small-regions of the Tibetan Plateau High and Extremely High Mountains-Basins-Valleys Region VI

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      Table 7.

      Names and codes of the second-order sub-regions and third-order small-regions of the Tibetan Plateau High and Extremely High Mountains-Basins-Valleys Region VI

      Second-order sub-regionsThird-order small-regions
      CodesNamesCodesNames
      VIAAltun & Qilian Mts high mountains and valleys sub-regionVIA1Northern Qilian Mt high mountains and valleys small-region
      VIA2Southern Qilian Mt high mountains, valleys and basins small-region
      VIA3Altun Mt high and extremely high mountains small-region
      VIBQaidam Basin and Yellow River-Huangshui River high mountains and basins sub-regionVIB1Yellow River and Huangshui River valleys and basins small-region
      VIB2South of Yellow River high mountains and basins small-region
      VIB3Qaidam Basin small-region
      VICCentral and eastern Kunlun Mt high mountains sub-regionVIC1Eastern Kunlun Mt high mountains small-region
      VIC2Eastern segment of central Kunlun Mt high mountains and plateaus small-region
      VIC3Western segment of central Kunlun Mt high mountains and lake basins small-region
      VIDHengduan Mt high mountains and valleys sub-regionVID1Daxue-Minshan Mt extremely high and high mountains small-region
      VID2Northern section of Hengduan Mt high mountains and valleys small-region
      VID3Southern section of Hengduan Mt high mountains and valleys small-region
      VIESources of Three Rivers high hilly mountains and plateaus-upper reaches of rivers mountains and valleys sub-regionVIE1Sources of Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers hilly mountains and plateaus small-region
      VIE2Upper reaches of Three Rivers high mountains and valleys small-region
      VIFKarakorum & western Kunlun Mt high and extremely high mountains sub-regionVIF1Western Kunlun Mt high and extremely high mountains small-region
      VIF2Karakorum Mt high and extremely high mountains, broad valleys and basins small-region
      VIGQiangtang Plateau lakes and basins sub-regionVIG1Hoh Xil plateau hilly mountains and plateaus and lake basins small-region
      VIG2Qiangtang Plateau high and extremely high mountains and lake basins small-region
      VIHHimalayan high and extremely high mountains sub-regionVIH1Nyainqentanglha and Gangdise Mts high and extremely high mountains small-region
      VIH2Northern Himalayas and Yarlung Zangbo River high mountains, valleys and basins small-region
      VIH3Himalayan extremely high and high mountains small-region
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    Nan WANG, Weiming CHENG, Baixue WANG, Qiangyi LIU, Chenghu ZHOU. Geomorphological regionalization theory system and division methodology of China[J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2020, 30(2): 212

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    Paper Information

    Received: Jun. 26, 2019

    Accepted: Aug. 7, 2019

    Published Online: Sep. 29, 2020

    The Author Email: CHENG Weiming (chengwm@lreis.ac.cn)

    DOI:10.1007/s11442-020-1724-9

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