Atmospheric Correction Method Based on Spectral Matching

Xinkai Hu; Hailiang Gao; Tianhai Cheng

doi:10.3788/AOS201939.0801003

Acta Optica Sinica, Volume. 39, Issue 8, 0801003(2019)

Atmospheric Correction Method Based on Spectral Matching

Xinkai Hu^1,2, Hailiang Gao^2、*, and Tianhai Cheng²

Author Affiliations

¹ College of Geomatics and Geoinformation, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541006, China

² National Engineering Laboratory for Remote Sensing Satellite Applications, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China

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Abstract Get PDF(in Chinese)

Figures & Tables(19)

Fig. 1. Spectral response function of GF-1 satellite PMS2 sensor

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Fig. 2. Fifteen equivalent spectral curves

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Fig. 3. False color images of band 4, band 3, and band 2

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Fig. 4. Test spectra at different AOD

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Fig. 5. Flow chart of atmospheric correction by spectral matching method

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Fig. 6. Reflectance histogram of each band before and after atmospheric correction. (a) Band 1; (b) band 2; (c) band 3; (d) band 4

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Fig. 7. Measured positions of ground data

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Fig. 8. Comparison between atmospheric calibration results and typical ground spectrum. (a) Bare soil; (b) water body; (c) dry grass; (d) cement pavement

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Fig. 9. Diagram of locations of the same ground object at different times

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Fig. 10. Reflectance of each band in different phases

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Table 1. Index parameters of PSR+3500 portable ground spectrometer

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Table 1. Index parameters of PSR+3500 portable ground spectrometer

Parameter	Value
Spectral range /nm	350-2500
Spectral resolution	≤3 nm@700 nm; ≤8 nm@1500 nm;≤6 nm@2100 nm
Sampling interval	output one data every 1 nm, a total of 2151 spectral channels
Fastest scanning speed /ms	100
Wavelength repeatability /nm	0.1
Wavelength accuracy /nm	±0.5
Size /(cm×cm×cm)	22×29×8
Weight /kg	3.2

Table 2. Reflectance of each band of reference spectrum
View table
Table 2. Reflectance of each band of reference spectrum
Wave band Band 1 Band 2 Band 3 Band 4
Reflectance 0.1263 0.1402 0.1653 0.2204

Table 3. Average solar irradiance of each band of GF-1satellite PMS2 sensor
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Table 3. Average solar irradiance of each band of GF-1satellite PMS2 sensor
GF-1 PMS2 Pan Band 1 Band 2 Band 3 Band 4
E_λ 1363.57 1967.31 1822.16 1524.13 1067.82

Table 4. Average gray value of each band of uniform cement pavement obtained by cutting on image
View table
Table 4. Average gray value of each band of uniform cement pavement obtained by cutting on image
Wave band Band 1 Band 2 Band 3 Band 4
Digital number(DN) 225 218 187 142

Table 5. Absolute scaling factor of each band of GF-1 PMS2
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Table 5. Absolute scaling factor of each band of GF-1 PMS2
Band Pan Band 1 Band 2 Band 3 Band 4
Factor 0.2147 0.2419 0.2047 0.2009 0.2058

Table 6. Spectral matching data list

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Table 6. Spectral matching data list

AOD	Band 1	Band 2	Band 3	Band 4	α /(°)
0.05	0.1198	0.1244	0.1453	0.1680	0.0847
0.10	0.1169	0.1226	0.1449	0.1692	0.0739
0.15	0.1142	0.1201	0.1444	0.1702	0.0639
0.20	0.1106	0.1173	0.1435	0.1712	0.0521
0.25	0.1066	0.1137	0.1424	0.1722	0.0416
0.30	0.1018	0.1103	0.1410	0.1729	0.0351
0.35	0.0972	0.1062	0.1394	0.1736	0.0384
0.40	0.0921	0.1018	0.1377	0.1741	0.0513
0.45	0.0862	0.0972	0.1356	0.1747	0.0710
0.50	0.0804	0.0922	0.1334	0.1751	0.0939
0.55	0.0737	0.0865	0.1310	0.1756	0.1231
0.60	0.0670	0.0809	0.1281	0.1759	0.1527
0.65	0.0599	0.0745	0.1254	0.1762	0.1873
0.70	0.0519	0.0678	0.1218	0.1764	0.2273
0.75	0.0438	0.0611	0.1184	0.1764	0.2688
0.80	0.0353	0.0536	0.1149	0.1766	0.3169
0.85	0.0267	0.0456	0.1112	0.1768	0.3684
0.90	0.0170	0.0377	0.1072	0.1766	0.4260
0.95	0.0071	0.0287	0.1029	0.1767	0.4898
1.00	0.0034	0.0197	0.0981	0.1765	0.5589

Table 7. Atmospheric correction parameters when AOD is 0.3
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Table 7. Atmospheric correction parameters when AOD is 0.3
Band x_a x_b x_c
Band 1 0.0052 0.1769 0.1722
Band 2 0.0053 0.1228 0.1368
Band 3 0.0056 0.0669 0.0990
Band 4 0.0072 0.0354 0.0676

Table 8. Average reflectance and dynamic range before and after atmospheric correction

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Table 8. Average reflectance and dynamic range before and after atmospheric correction

Band	Remote sensing image	Average reflectance	Dynamic range [5%-95%]
Band 1	Before atmospheric correction	0.1522	0.1256-0.1929
	After atmospheric correction	0.0726	0.0321-0.1370
Band 2	Before atmospheric correction	0.1268	0.0889-0.1759
	After atmospheric correction	0.0737	0.0163-0.1495
Band 3	Before atmospheric correction	0.1261	0.0795-0.1841
	After atmospheric correction	0.1061	0.0395-0.1851
Band 4	Before atmospheric correction	0.1497	0.0774-0.2116
	After atmospheric correction	0.1500	0.0625-0.2254

Table 9. Error analysis for atmospheric calibration results and typical ground spectrum

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Table 9. Error analysis for atmospheric calibration results and typical ground spectrum

Class	Parameter	Blue	Green	Red	Near infrared
	TOA reflectance	0.1956	0.1970	0.2201	0.2485
	Measured ground reflectance	0.1279	0.1662	0.2229	0.2736
Bare soil	Image ground reflectance	0.1414	0.1793	0.2317	0.2699
	Difference	0.0135	0.0131	0.0088	0.0037
	SD	0.0215	0.0201	0.0192	0.0165
	TOA reflectance	0.1389	0.1173	0.0868	0.0636
	Measured ground reflectance	0.0543	0.0629	0.0616	0.0518
Water body	Image ground reflectance	0.0512	0.0594	0.0527	0.0439
	Difference	0.0031	0.0035	0.0089	0.0079
	SD	0.0222	0.0250	0.0234	0.0171
	TOA reflectance	0.1553	0.1386	0.1572	0.2032
	Measured ground reflectance	0.0919	0.1029	0.1429	0.2033
Dry grass	Image ground reflectance	0.0775	0.0918	0.1480	0.2151
	Difference	0.0144	0.0111	0.0051	0.0118
	SD	0.0205	0.0189	0.0200	0.0215
	TOA reflectance	0.1605	0.1404	0.1380	0.1732
	Measured ground reflectance	0.1004	0.1113	0.1396	0.1802
Cement pavement	Image ground reflectance	0.0859	0.0945	0.1222	0.1787
	Difference	0.0145	0.0168	0.0174	0.0015
	SD	0.0201	0.0252	0.0245	0.0251

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Xinkai Hu, Hailiang Gao, Tianhai Cheng. Atmospheric Correction Method Based on Spectral Matching[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2019, 39(8): 0801003

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Paper Information

Category: Atmospheric Optics and Oceanic Optics

Received: Mar. 4, 2019

Accepted: Apr. 22, 2019

Published Online: Aug. 7, 2019

The Author Email: Gao Hailiang (gaohl@radi.ac.cn)

DOI:10.3788/AOS201939.0801003

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. Index parameters of PSR+3500 portable ground spectrometer

Table 1. Index parameters of PSR+3500 portable ground spectrometer

Table 2. Reflectance of each band of reference spectrum

Table 2. Reflectance of each band of reference spectrum

Table 3. Average solar irradiance of each band of GF-1satellite PMS2 sensor

Table 3. Average solar irradiance of each band of GF-1satellite PMS2 sensor

Table 4. Average gray value of each band of uniform cement pavement obtained by cutting on image

Table 4. Average gray value of each band of uniform cement pavement obtained by cutting on image

Table 5. Absolute scaling factor of each band of GF-1 PMS2

Table 5. Absolute scaling factor of each band of GF-1 PMS2

Table 6. Spectral matching data list

Table 6. Spectral matching data list

Table 7. Atmospheric correction parameters when AOD is 0.3

Table 7. Atmospheric correction parameters when AOD is 0.3

Table 8. Average reflectance and dynamic range before and after atmospheric correction

Table 8. Average reflectance and dynamic range before and after atmospheric correction

Table 9. Error analysis for atmospheric calibration results and typical ground spectrum

Table 9. Error analysis for atmospheric calibration results and typical ground spectrum