Fig. 1. The effect of CEP on the shape of laser field

Fig. 2. 2-D photoelectron spectrogram obtained with FROG-CRAB^［39］

Fig. 3. HHG beam tilt angle distribution obtained with petahertz optical oscilloscope. The center of HHG tilt angle is marked with white line^［31］

Fig. 4. HHG spectrogram obtained with ARIES. The cut-off photon energy is marked with dashed line^［32］

Fig. 5. Optical waveform synthesizer based on hollow core fiber compressor^［33］

Fig. 6. Optical waveform synthesizer with signal beam and idler beam from a single OPA^［36］

Fig. 7. Optical waveform synthesizer with signal beam，idler beam and pump beam from a single OPA^［38］

Fig. 8. Optical waveform synthesizer consists of several OPAs^［40］

Fig. 9. HHG spectrum evolution with varying synthesis parameters^［12］

Fig. 10. Simulation of attosecond pulse generation with synthesized optical fields^［12］