Fig. 1. Framework of the cross-modal geo-localization method

Fig. 2. Principle of the cross-modal images style translation

Fig. 3. Diagram of the GCI-CycleGAN model structure

Fig. 4. Example of training samples. (a) VIs; (b) IRIs

Fig. 5. Loss function curve. (a) CycleGAN; (b) GCI-CycleGAN

Fig. 6. Diagram of the LoFTR model structure

Fig. 7. Diagram of the DFM model structure

Fig. 8. (a) VIs to be converted; (b) IRIs converted by CycleGAN; (c) IRIs converted by GCI-CycleGAN; (d) Real IRIs

Fig. 9. Comparison of the matching methods results

Fig. 10. Example images of the geo-location dataset. (a) Visible images; (b) Real-time infrared images; (c) Generated infrared images

Fig. 11. Diagram of the matching and geo-location results

Fig. 12. Comparison between actual flight trajectory and location results