Variational Retrieval Algorithm for Three-Dimensional Wind Field Based on Lidar Detection

Hang Gao; Jie Zhou; Jian Hu; Yang Wang; Jianbing Li

doi:10.3788/AOS202141.2028002

Acta Optica Sinica, Volume. 41, Issue 20, 2028002(2021)

Variational Retrieval Algorithm for Three-Dimensional Wind Field Based on Lidar Detection

Hang Gao^1,2, Jie Zhou^1,2, Jian Hu³, Yang Wang⁴, and Jianbing Li^1,2、*

Author Affiliations

¹College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China

²State Key Laboratory of Complex Electromagnetic Environmental Effects on Electronics and Information System, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China

³Meteorological Center, 91236 Troop, Huludao, Liaoning 125000, China

⁴Meteorological Observatory for Air Traffic Regulating Branch of Hunan, Civil Aviation Administration of China, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China

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Figures & Tables(12)

Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of lidar scanning strategy

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Fig. 2. Analysis volume centered on the $N_{lmn}^{th}$ measurement cell

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Fig. 3. Influence of the observation error from theoretical and simulation results on the wind speed retrieval. (a) Influence of the observation error from theoretical results on horizontal wind speed retrieval; (b) influence of the observation error from theoretical results on vertical wind speed retrieval; (c) influence of the observation error from simulation results on horizontal wind speed retrieval; (d) influence of the observation error from simulation results on vertical wind speed retrieval

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Fig. 4. Comparison between the observed and fitted radial velocity in different simulated wind fields. (a) Homogeneous wind field; (b) inhomogeneous wind field

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Fig. 5. Influence of different iterations on the retrieval error in different simulated wind fields of the new method. (a) Influence of different iterations on the retrieval error in the case of homogeneous wind field; (b) influence of different iterations on the retrieval error in the case of inhomogeneous wind field

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Fig. 6. Influence of different iterations on the retrieval error in different simulated wind fields of the second-step variation method. (a) Influence of different iterations on the retrieval error in the case of homogeneous wind field; (b) influence of different iterations on the retrieval error in the case of inhomogeneous wind field

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Fig. 7. Comparison between the retrieved horizontal wind speed (V⁽^x⁾, V⁽^y⁾) and the sounding balloon data. (a) Comparison results of V⁽^x⁾ and sounding balloon data; (b) comparison results of V⁽^y⁾ and sounding balloon data

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Fig. 8. Comparison between the retrieved vertical wind speed (V⁽^z⁾) and the lidar observed data. (a) Comparison between the retrieval results of local variation and the lidar observed data; (b) comparison between the retrieval results of global variation and the lidar observed data

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Table 1. Retrieval errors of different azimuth spans in different simulated wind fields
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Table 1. Retrieval errors of different azimuth spans in different simulated wind fields
Azimuth span Homogeneous Inhomogeneous
Δθ=24° Δθ=144° Δθ=24° Δθ=144°
x_RMSE(V⁽^x⁾) /(m·s^-1) 0.601 0.323 0.936 0.809
x_RMSE(V⁽^y⁾) /(m·s^-1) 0.831 0.331 1.052 1.107
x_RMSE(V⁽^z⁾) /(m·s^-1) 0.966 0.354 1.339 2.194

Table 2. Retrieval-errors comparison of different methods in different simulated wind fields
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Table 2. Retrieval-errors comparison of different methods in different simulated wind fields
RMSE /(m·s^-1) Homogeneous Inhomogeneous
V⁽^x⁾ V⁽^y⁾ V⁽^z⁾ V⁽^x⁾ V⁽^y⁾ V⁽^z⁾
Two-step variation method 2.350 1.244 2.110 2.583 1.131 2.631
New method 0.313 0.386 0.526 0.788 0.955 1.049

Table 3. System parameters and measurement parameters of WindPrint S4000 in the outfield experiment
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Table 3. System parameters and measurement parameters of WindPrint S4000 in the outfield experiment
Wavelength /nm Pulse width /ns Pulse accumulation Azimuth /(°) Azimuth resolution /(°) Range /m Range resolution /m Elevation /(°)
1550 200 15000 0-200 18 90-1500 30 [1,3,8,15,25,40,60]

Table 4. Correlation coefficient of the horizontal velocity between the retrieved results and the sounding balloon data
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Table 4. Correlation coefficient of the horizontal velocity between the retrieved results and the sounding balloon data
Correlation coefficient V⁽^x⁾ /(m·s^-1) V⁽^y⁾ /(m·s^-1)
Retrieval results of local variation 0.9866 0.9748
Retrieval results of global variation 0.9920 0.9775

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Hang Gao, Jie Zhou, Jian Hu, Yang Wang, Jianbing Li. Variational Retrieval Algorithm for Three-Dimensional Wind Field Based on Lidar Detection[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2021, 41(20): 2028002

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Paper Information

Category: Remote Sensing and Sensors

Received: Jan. 12, 2021

Accepted: May. 6, 2021

Published Online: Oct. 7, 2021

The Author Email: Li Jianbing (jianbingli@nudt.edu.cn)

DOI:10.3788/AOS202141.2028002

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. Retrieval errors of different azimuth spans in different simulated wind fields

Table 1. Retrieval errors of different azimuth spans in different simulated wind fields

Table 2. Retrieval-errors comparison of different methods in different simulated wind fields

Table 2. Retrieval-errors comparison of different methods in different simulated wind fields

Table 3. System parameters and measurement parameters of WindPrint S4000 in the outfield experiment

Table 3. System parameters and measurement parameters of WindPrint S4000 in the outfield experiment

Table 4. Correlation coefficient of the horizontal velocity between the retrieved results and the sounding balloon data

Table 4. Correlation coefficient of the horizontal velocity between the retrieved results and the sounding balloon data