Research on MPLC-Based Technology to Improve the Coupling Efficiency of Spatial Optical-Single-Mode Fibers

Xichang Yu; Shijie Gao; Jiabin Wu; Lie Ma; Ximing Wang; Guoqiang Zhang

doi:10.3788/LOP221102

Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, Volume. 60, Issue 9, 0906008(2023)

Research on MPLC-Based Technology to Improve the Coupling Efficiency of Spatial Optical-Single-Mode Fibers

Xichang Yu^1,2, Shijie Gao^1,2、*, Jiabin Wu¹, Lie Ma^1,2, Ximing Wang^1,2, and Guoqiang Zhang^1,2

¹Key Laboratory of Space Laser Communication and Detection Technology, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130031, Jilin, China

²University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

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Figures & Tables(12)

Fig. 1. Single-mode fiber coupling under ideal conditions. (a) Schematic diagram of single-mode fiber coupling; (b) single-mode fiber coupling efficiency curve

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Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of the alignment errors. (a) Lateral offset of the focal plane; (b) lateral offset of the fiber end; (c) longitudinal offset

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Fig. 3. Coupling efficiency as a function of alignment error. (a) Coupling efficiency as a function of lateral offset; (b) coupling efficiency as a function of longitudinal offset

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Fig. 4. Schematic diagram of MPLC. (a) Principle of MPLC; (b) variable parameters of MPLC; (c) wavefront-matching method

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Fig. 5. Schematic diagram of single-mode fiber coupling scheme based on MPLC

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Fig. 6. Schematic diagram of spatial optical-single-mode fiber based on MPLC

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Fig. 7. Simulation results. (a) Input light; (b) actual output light; (c) ideal output light

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Fig. 8. Schematic diagram of the MPLC correcting misalignment. (a) Lateral offset; (b) longitudinal offset

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Fig. 9. Coupling efficiency curves before and after correction by MPLC. Variation curves of coupling efficiency with lateral offset before and after MPLC correction under different (a) number N of phase masks and (b) z₀, z₁, and z₂; variation curves of coupling efficiency with lateral offset before and after MPLC correction under different (c) number N of phase masks and (d) z₀, z₁, and z₂

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Fig. 10. Coupling efficiency curves before and after correction by the MPLC. (a) Lateral offset; (b) longitudinal offset

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Table 1. Mode field distribution and corresponding coupling efficiency of a single-mode fiber at the pupil plane with alignment error

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Table 1. Mode field distribution and corresponding coupling efficiency of a single-mode fiber at the pupil plane with alignment error

Alignment error
Lateral offset	A_f	$A_{f} (r, Δ r) = \sqrt[]{\frac{2}{π {ω_{α}}^{2}}} e x p (- \frac{r^{2}}{ω_{α}^{2}}) e x p [j \frac{2 π}{λ f} c o s θ r Δ r]$
Lateral offset	η	$η_{Δ r} = \frac{1}{π} {\|\int_{0}^{1} \sqrt[]{8 π} β e x p (- β^{2} ρ^{2}) J_{0} (2 β \frac{Δ r}{ω_{00}} ρ) ρ d ρ\|}^{2}$
Longitudinal offset	A_f	$A_{f} (r, Δ z) = \sqrt[]{\frac{2}{π ω_{α}^{2}}} e x p (- \frac{r^{2}}{ω_{α}^{2}}) e x p (j \frac{2 π}{λ} \cdot \frac{Δ z r^{2}}{2 f^{2}})$
Longitudinal offset	η	$η_{Δ z} = 8 β^{2} {\|\int_{0}^{1} e x p (- β^{2} ρ^{2}) J_{0} (β^{2} ρ^{2} \frac{j λ Δ z}{π ω_{00}^{2}}) ρ d ρ\|}^{2}$

Table 2. Simulation parameters
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Table 2. Simulation parameters
Parameter Value
Wavelength λ /nm 1550
Waist radius of plane wave w₀/mm 1
Waist radius of output beam w₁/mm 1
Mode filed diameter 2w₀₀/μm 10.4
β With MPLC 1
Without MPLC 1.12

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Xichang Yu, Shijie Gao, Jiabin Wu, Lie Ma, Ximing Wang, Guoqiang Zhang. Research on MPLC-Based Technology to Improve the Coupling Efficiency of Spatial Optical-Single-Mode Fibers[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2023, 60(9): 0906008

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