Synthetic Aperture Imaging Lidar (SAIL) is limited by the optical heterodyne detection antenna theorem, the SAIL technology with the single detector is essentially a small field of view imaging. Breaking the limitations of the optical antenna theorem for wide field of view mapped band imaging is a bottleneck problem. In traditional methods, linear array detectors are generally used for wide-field imaging, but this method has imaging pixel spacing and cannot achieve 100% duty ratio imaging. For the application of small target imaging, the gap between pixels can cause serious loss of SAIL image information. Aiming at the above problems, this paper proposes the novel optical system of field division coherent receiving and transmitting lidar received by a 4×4 pigtail microlens array, which can realize the optical imaging technology of long distance and large field division lidar, improves the imaging efficiency of the system, and realizes seamless coverage imaging. The coherent receiving and transmitting lidar is a bistatic system with the wavelength of 1 550 nm with the advantage of eye-safety. The transmitter system is composed of beam splitter, half-wave plate, expand telescope, and the divergence angle of the laser beam equal to 105 μrad, and the output laser beam is a circular polarization state. Meanwhile, there is a local laser beam act as the monitor system. The receiver system is composed of receiver telescope, quarter wave plate, 4×4 microlens array, and the field of view of the receiver system equal to 175 μrad. Furthermore, there are the optical axis monitor module, which is composed of two cameras with a smaller field of view and a bigger field of view. It is verified by experiment that the light spot mode, array number and system microlens surface parameters of the pigtail microlens array also meet the index requirements. At the same time, the theoretical calculation model of the optical efficiency of the full field of view with 175 μrad is carried out. The simulation results show that the optical efficiency of the full field of view system can reach 65.5%, which meets the requirements of the system index. Meanwhile, the coupling efficiency of the 16-channel central field of view of the 4×4 microlens array with the single mode fiber has also been tested. The test results show that the average optical coupling efficiency is 73.1%, the maximum value and the minimum value of the coupling efficiency are 75% and 72%, respectively. In addition, aiming at the requirements of the optical axis deviation of SAIL transceiver optical system, a 16-channel transceiver optical axis test system was built by using 12 m collimator, 1 550 nm beam quality analyzer and other equipments, such as, the cube mirror, 1 550 nm beam splitters. And the optical alignment test of the light-receiving axis deviation was completed. The light-receiving axis deviation is less than 4″, and the maximum value and the minimum value of the axis deviation are 1.1″and 7.2″, respectively. which can meet the requirements of lidar imaging experiment.