Fig. 1. Laser range-gated imaging technology

Fig. 2. Time slicing 3D range-gated imaging^[13]. (a) Principle; (b) Underwater 3D image

Fig. 3. Max peak finding 3D range-gated imaging^[18]. (a) Parabolic fitting by only three data points; (b) Intensity image; (c) Depth map

Fig. 4. Underwater 3D range-gated imaging based on Bayesian reconstruction method ^[19]

Fig. 5. Linear-gain-modulated 3D range-gated imaging^[20]

Fig. 6. Non-linear-gain modulation for 3D range-gated imaging^[21]

Fig. 7. Trapezoidal range-intensity correlation 3D range-gated imaging^[23]

Fig. 8. 12-channel-coding 3D imaging based on trapezoidal range-intensity correlation ^[26]

Fig. 9. Triangular range-intensity correlation 3D range-gated imaging^[28]. (a) Principle; (b) Experimental results between triangular and trapezoidal methods

Fig. 10. 7-channel-coding 3D imaging based on triangular range-intensity correlation^[29]

Fig. 11. Multi-pulse time delay integration method^[30]. (a) Principle; (b) Gated image; (c) 3D image

Fig. 12. 3D deblurring-gated range-intensity correlation imaging^[31]. (a) Principle; (b) Experimental results

Fig. 13. Gated2Depth method^[33]. (a) Gated2DepthNet; (b) Experimental results

Fig. 14. Depth estimation method of Gated2Gated self-supervised learning distance-selective^[34]

Fig. 15. RIP-guided gated 3D imaging algorithm (RIP-Gated3D). (a) Principle; (b) Comparison results of different algorithms

Fig. 16. 2D range-gated imaging products

Fig. 17. UTOFIA system and its application in the UTOFIA project^[43]

Fig. 18. Underwater SeaLVi and its application in the French-German Institute of Saint Louis ^[44,51]. (a) SeaLVi 2; (b) 3D images of starfish

Fig. 19. Person detection from background in the Fraunhofer IOSB, Germany ^[46]

Fig. 20. Laser range-gated 3D imaging systems in the Institute of Semiconductors, CAS^[47−49]. (a) Fengyan; (b) CanoMIS; (c) and (d) Maritime surveillance

Fig. 21. Gated2Depth-based high-resolution flash LiDAR in the DENSE project^[33]