Fig. 1. Spatio-temporal evolution of electron density in ionization region of fused silica irradiated by single femtosecond laser pulse (pulse width τ_p is 65 fs, energy density F is 5 J/cm²)

Fig. 2. Regulation of electron density in ionization region of fused silica irradiated by femtosecond laser energy density or pulse width: (a)~(c) pulse width τ_p is 65 fs, (d)~(f) energy density F is 5 J/cm²

Fig. 3. Spatio-temporal evolution of electron temperature and phonon temperature in ionization region of fused silica irradiated by single femtosecond laser pulse (pulse width τ_p is 65 fs, energy density F is 5 J/cm²)

Fig. 4. Spatio-temporal evolution of electron thermal capacity, electron thermal conductivity and electron-phonon coupling coefficient in excited region of fused silica irradiated by femtosecond laser (pulse width τ_p is 65 fs, energy density F is 5 J/cm²)

Fig. 5. Regulation of electron-phonon equilibrium time by femtosecond laser pulse width and pulse energy density (z is 100 nm)