Combining global positioning tracking with terminal measurement effectively addresses the overall measurement of large workpieces. The key to accuracy in this system is the transformation from the terminal to the target coordinate system. This paper introduces existing common feature points to calibrate the transit pose and addresses their station position constraints. To overcome these challenges, we propose a new multi-position coupled transit calibration method that eases global measurement system and feature point positioning requirements by using transit pose coupling with multiple targets to form equations for solutions. A multi-position coupled multi-point transit calibration method is also introduced to enhance pose solution stability and reduce calibration errors by coupling local feature points with the pose solution. Experiments comparing the methods demonstrate that the proposed multi-position and multi-point coupling transfer calibration method enhances stability and reduces the average measurement error by 10.13%, confirming its effectiveness.