[2] [2] ALLEN L, BEIJERSBERGEN M W, SPREEUW R J C, et al. Orbital angular momentum of light and the transformation of Laguerre-Gaussian laser modes[J]. Physical Review A, 1992, 45(11): 8185-8189.

[3] [3] PATERSON L, MACDONALD M P, ARLT J, et al. Controlled rotation of optically trapped microscopic particles[J]. Science, 2001, 292: 912-914.

[4] [4] JACK B, LEACH J, ROMERO J, et al. Holographic ghost imaging and the violation of a bell inequality[J]. Physical Review Letters, 2009, 103(8): 083602-1-083602-4.

[5] [5] PATERSON C. Atmospheric turbulence and orbital angular momentum of single photons for optical communication[J]. Physical Review Letters, 2005, 94(15): 153901-1-153901-4.

[6] [6] WANG J, YANG J Y, FAZAL I M, et al. Terabit free-space data transmission employing orbital angular momentum multiplexing[J]. Nature Photonics, 2012, 6(7): 488-496.

[7] [7] BAI Y H, LV H R, FU X , et al. Vortex beam: generation and detection of orbital angular momentum[J]. Chinese Optics Letters, 2022, 20(1): 012601-1-012601-15.

[8] [8] GIBSON G, COURTIAL J, PADGETT M J. Free-space information transfer using light beams carrying orbital angular momentum[J]. Optics Express, 2004 12(22): 5448-5456.

[11] [11] LEACH J, YAO E, PADGETT M J. Observation of the vortex structure of a non-integer vortex beam[J]. New Journal of Physics, 2004(6): 71-71.

[12] [12] ZHOU J, ZHANG W H, CHEN L X. Experimental detection of high-order or fractional orbital angular momentum of light based on a robust mode converter[J]. Applied Physical Letters, 2016, 108(11): 111108-1-111108-6.

[13] [13] LIU Z W, YAN S, LIU H G, et al. Superhigh-resolution recognition of optical vortex modes assisted by a deep-learning method[J]. Physical Review Letters, 2019, 123(18): 183902-1-183902-6.

[14] [14] DENG D, LIN M, LI Y, et al. Precision measurement of fractional orbital angular momentum[J]. Physical Review Applied, 2019, 12(1): 014048-1-014048-7.

[15] [15] ZHANG H, ZENG J, LU X Y, et al. Review on fractional vortex beam[J]. Nanophotonics, 2022, 11(2): 241-273.

[18] [18] LI S, WANG J, ZHANG Z. Experimental demonstration of optical interconnects exploiting orbital angular momentum array[J]. Optics Express, 2017, 25(18): 21537-21547.