Fig. 1. Schematic of combined collaborative measurement

Fig. 2. Flowchart of the fish optimization algorithm

Fig. 3. Instrument domain diagram

Fig. 4. Schematic of tracker measurement

Fig. 5. Principle of theodolite measurement

Fig. 6. Schematic of spatial measurement and simulation of accuracy distribution

Fig. 7. Theodolite vector angle measurement principle

Fig. 8. Distribution of comprehensive measurement angle error ${\delta }_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{t}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{l}}$

Fig. 9. Feasible domain schematic

Fig. 10. Flowchart of accuracy constrained measurement optimization

Fig. 11. Combined measurement method based on multi-sensor system

Fig. 12. Spatial distribution of common points

Fig. 13. Optimized 3D rendering of front and rear stations

Fig. 14. RMSE Comparison

Fig. 15. Schematic of measurement field and accuracy of characteristic points