Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves, Volume. 44, Issue 2, 285(2025)
A lightweight dark object detection network for infrared images
Figures & Tables(14)
Fig. 1. The thermal infrared images of real civial airplanes capured by SDGSAT-1：（a）8~10.5 μm；（b）10.3~11.3 μm；（c）11.5~12.5 μm
Fig. 3. Schematic diagram of the calculation for object abundance matrix: (a) object shape modeling; (b) shape model embedding in image; (c) object abundance matrix calculation; (d) Gaussian blurring of the abundance matrix
Fig. 4. The 1st real civial aircraft and its simulation: (a) simulated image; (b) real object; (c) simulated object
Fig. 5. The 5th real civial aircraft and its simulation: (a) simulated image; (b) real object; (c) simulated object
Fig. 6. Simulated sequence examples: (a) sequence 0041; (b) sequence 0077; (c) sequence 0266; (d) sequence 0393
Fig. 7. The detection results of AirFormer for real civil airports: (a) the 1st real airport; (b) the 2nd real airport; (c) the 3rd real airport; (d) the 4th real airport; (e) the 5th real airport
Table 1. The imaging information of real civial airplanes
View tableView in ArticleTable 1. The imaging information of real civial airplanes
序号 经度 纬度 日期 当地时间 局部
背景
目标一 125.22° E 30.86°N 23.03.16 09：37 海 目标二 115.16°E 39.65°N 23.03.22 20：30 陆地、云 目标三 123.71°E 37.32°N 23.08.03 09：42 海 目标四 118.42°E 34.28°N 23.10.01 09：01 陆地、云 目标五 126.34°E 37.21°N 23.10.17 20：41 海
Table 2. Grayscale value information of real civial airplanes and background
View tableView in ArticleTable 2. Grayscale value information of real civial airplanes and background
序号 波段 目标
灰度值
局部背景
平均灰度值
差值比例 目标一 B1 1419 1562 9.17% B2 1644 1817 9.53% B3 1177 1260 6.59% 目标二 B1 1014 1044 2.92% B2 1198 1239 3.34% B3 858 875 1.98% 目标三 B1 1804 1917 5.91% B2 2036 2164 5.96% B3 1398 1461 4.37% 目标四 B1 1652 1724 4.21% B2 1880 1967 4.44% B3 1318 1359 3.08% 目标五 B1 1668 1773 5.95% B2 1928 2041 5.58% B3 1370 1425 3.88%
Table 3. Simulation parameter settings for real objects
View tableView in ArticleTable 3. Simulation parameter settings for real objects
参数 目标1 目标2 坐标 （10.2，10.7） （10.3，9.95） 目标长度 80m 80m 航向角 45° 0° 差值比例 0.18 0.11 高斯模糊标准差 0.7 0.7
Table 4. Sample numbers under different load parameters on the IRAir dataset
View tableView in ArticleTable 4. Sample numbers under different load parameters on the IRAir dataset
场景
类型
训练集
序列数
训练集目标数 测试集序列数 测试集目标数 波段 B1 301 1970 338 2260 B2 363 2271 345 2332 B3 336 2131 317 1977 帧频 1~5 FPS 480 3059 499 3229 6~10 FPS 520 3313 501 3340 帧间
位移
0像素 339 2158 315 2063 1像素 339 2157 361 2374 2像素 322 2057 324 2132 噪声
强度
0.002 497 3200 467 3079 0.005 503 3172 533 3490 总计 1000 6372 1000 6569
Table 5. The parameter settings of example simulated sequences
View tableView in ArticleTable 5. The parameter settings of example simulated sequences
参数 序列
0041
序列
0077
序列
0266
序列
0393
波段 B2 B2 B3 B3 帧频 1 FPS 6 FPS 2 FPS 10 FPS 帧间位移 0像素 1像素 2像素 2像素 噪声强度 0.002 0.002 0.005 0.002 目标数量 4 10 8 5
Table 6. Performance comparison of detection methods
View tableView in ArticleTable 6. Performance comparison of detection methods
方法 CornerNet YOLOv3 Deformable DETR RTMDET-tiny YOLOX-tiny DSFNet AirFormer AP 0.336 0.270 0.274 0.350 0.398 0.233 0.349 AP20 0.770 0.752 0.709 0.812 0.765 0.528 0.737 召回率 0.738 0.766 0.688 0.544 0.716 0.504 0.710 准确率 0.904 0.902 0.897 0.675 0.843 0.932 0.826 F1 0.812 0.828 0.779 0.603 0.774 0.653 0.764 参数量 201.0M 61.5M 41.1M 2.7M 2.7M 17.0M 37.1K FLOPs 112.8G 12.4G 15.0G 5.9G 5.5G 12.2G 46.2M 推理耗时 29.4 ms 11.7 ms 32.3 ms 10.6 ms 9.1 ms 50.1 ms 5.7 ms
Table 7. Detection performance comparison of AirFormer for objects with different sizes
View tableView in ArticleTable 7. Detection performance comparison of AirFormer for objects with different sizes
目标长度/m 真值数 检出数 召回率/% 40 6 222 3 016 48.5 50 6 154 4 626 75.2 60 2 109 1 838 87.2 70 2 016 1 798 89.2 80 2 062 1 909 92.6
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Zhao-Xu LI, Qing-Xu XU, Wei AN, Xu HE, Gao-Wei GUO, Miao LI, Qiang LING, Long-Guang WANG, Chao XIAO, Zai-Ping LIN. A lightweight dark object detection network for infrared images[J]. Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves, 2025, 44(2): 285
Paper Information
Category: Interdisciplinary Research on Infrared Science
Received: May. 8, 2024
Accepted: --
Published Online: Mar. 14, 2025
The Author Email: AN Wei (anwei@nudt.edu.cn), LI Miao (lm8866@nudt.edu.cn)
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