Fig. 1. Relationship between satellite coordinate system， camera coordinate system， and phased array coordi- nate system

Fig. 2. Direction of phased array beamforming

Fig. 3. Satellite data transmission using staring attitude

Fig. 4. Process flowchart of sunlight attitude avoidance met-hod for phased array data transmission

Fig. 5. Rotation process of sunlight avoidance vector

Fig. 6. Relationship between satellites， ground stations， and the desired attitude

Fig. 7. Attitude angle under the orbital coordinate system

Fig. 8. Angular velocity in orbital coordinate system

Fig. 9. Angle between camera and sunlight

Fig. 10. Off-axis Angle and azimuth Angle of phased array

Fig. 11. Angle between camera and sunlight in December 2022

Fig. 12. Angle between the camera and the sunlight during the data transmission