. Water contact angle measurements of (a) 3D and (b) 2D/3D perovskite films

. (a) XRD patterns of 3D and 2D/3D perovskite films, and (b) XRD pattern of 2D perovskite film

. Tauc plots of the perovskite films, the optical bandgap is 1.62 eV

. GIWAXS patterns of (a, c) 3D and (b, d) 2D/3D perovskite films with incident angles of (a, b) 0.1° and (c, d)1°

. Top-view SEM images of (a) 3D and (b) 2D/3D perovskite films, cross-sectional SEM images of (c) 3D-PSCs and (d) 2D/3D-PSCs

. Statistics of the PCE for PSCs, processed by 4-CBAI treatment with various concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg·mL^-1

. (a) UV-Vis absorption, PL spectra and (b) TRPL decay curves of 3D and 2D/3D perovskite films

. J-V curve of flexible PSCs based on 2D/3D perovskite

. Stabilized PCE and photocurrent density curves at the maximum power point for the flexible PSCs based on 2D/3D perovskite

. (a) Schematic diagram of 2D/3D-PSCs structure, (b) J-V curves (reverse and forward scans), (c) EQE spectra with the corresponding integrated current densities, and (d) stabilized PCE curves at the maximum power point for 3D-PSCs and 2D/3D-PSCs

. (a) Thermal stability of 3D-PSCs and 2D/3D-PSCs under 85 ℃ in air (relative humidity: 40%-70%), and (b) light stability of 3D-PSCs and 2D/3D-PSCs under continuous 1 sun illumination in N₂