Fig. 1. The image of experimental layout: (1) gas cylinder; (2) light source; (3) camera; (4) pressure testing system; (5) computer; (6) concave mirror; (7) liquid sample; (8) shock tube.

Fig. 2. Systematic structure diagram of phase doppler particle analyzer.

Fig. 3. Experimental photos of shock waves in blank test using YA-16 multiple-spark high speed camera (without liquid samples).

Fig. 4. Water film and glycerol film after the interaction of shock waves (Ma = 1.73).

Fig. 5. Breakup of the glycerol film induced by shock waves with different Mach numbers. (a) Ma = 1.54, thickness = 2 mm, (b) Ma = 1.54, thickness = 10 mm, (c) Ma = 1.73, thickness = 10 mm, (d) Ma = 1.8, thickness = 10 mm.

Fig. 6. The shock wave travels upward and toward the interface and applies a pressure gradient across the density gradient.

Fig. 7. (a) A linear thin liquid shell instability model proposed by Gardner, (b) liquid shell in expansion from Samirant by flash x-ray photograph.

Fig. 8. Diameter of Glycerol droplets formed in zones with 5 kinds of distances from the exit of shock tube (thickness of liquid samples = 2 mm, Ma = 1.54).

Fig. 9. Average diameter of the liquid samples with different thicknesses (Ma = 1.73).

Fig. 10. Droplet size with volume percentage of glycerol.

Fig. 11. Vertical velocity with different thicknesses of liquid samples (Ma = 1.73).

Fig. 12. Horizontal velocity with different thicknesses of liquid samples (Ma = 1.73).

Fig. 13. Vertical velocity with different volume percentages of glycerol (thickness of liquid film = 2 mm).

Fig. 14. Horizontal velocity with different volume percentages of glycerol (thickness of liquid film = 2 mm).