[1] M. Derzon, M. Matzen, D. Ryutov. The physics of fast Z–pinches. Rev. Mod. Phys., 72, 167-223(2000).

[2] M. G. Haines. A review of the dense Z-pinch. Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion, 53, 093001(2011).

[3] A. Andrianov, O. Bazilevskaia, S. Braginskii, B. Brezhnev, N. Filippov, T. Filippova, V. Khrabrov, S. Khvaschevski, N. Kovalski, V. Palchikov, I. Podgorny, Y. Prokhorov, M. Sulkovskaya. High-current pulse discharges, 348-364(1958).

[4] J. Mather, A. Williams. Neutron production in Columbus II, 26(1958).

[5] O. Anderson, W. Baker, J. Ise, R. Pyle, A. Stirling. Neutron production in linear deuterium pinches. Phys. Rev., 110, 1375-1383(1958).

[6] B. Bienkowska, T. Chodukowski, J. Hitschfel, I. Ivanova-Stanik, S. Jednorog, Z. Kalinowska, L. Karpinski, D. Klir, J. Kortanek, J. Kravarik, P. Kubes, M. Paduch, T. Pisarczyk, K. Rezac, M. Scholz, K. Tomaszewski, E. Zielinska. Experimental evidence of thermonuclear neutrons in a modified plasma focus. Appl. Phys. Lett., 98, 071501(2011).

[7] B. Bienkowska, T. Chodukowski, I. Ivanova-Stanik, Z. Kalinowska, L. Karpinski, D. Klir, J. Kortanek, J. Kravarik, P. Kubes, M. Paduch, T. Pisarczyk, K. Rezac, M. Scholz, K. Tomaszewski, E. Zielinska. Search for thermonuclear neutrons in a mega-ampere plasma focus. Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion, 54, 015001(2012).

[8] [8] At the beginning of the 1960s, the energy production by controlled thermonuclear fusion was so attractive research topic that non-thermonuclear neutrons in z-pinches became the subject of soviet movie “Nine days of one year” (1962).

[9] N. Filippov, T. Filippova, V. Vinogradov. Dense, high-temperature plasma in a noncylindrical Z-pinch compression. Nucl. Fusion, Suppl., 2, 577-587(1962).

[10] J. Mather. Formation of a high-density deuterium plasma focus. Phys. Fluids, 8, 366(1965).

[11] A. Bernard. Plasma focus et applications. Vide-Sci. Tech. Appl., 57, 836(2002).

[12] L. Soto. New trends and future perspectives on plasma focus research. Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion, 47, A361-A381(2005).

[13] M. Krishnan. The dense plasma focus: A versatile dense pinch for diverse applications. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., 40, 3189-3221(2012).

[14] R. Clark, K. Ware, A. Williams. Operation of a 720 kJ, 60 kV dense plasma focus. Bull. Am. Phys. Soc., 18, 1364(1973).

[15] H. Herold, A. Jerzykiewicz, M. Sadowski, H. Schmidt. Nucl. Fusion, 29, 1255-1269(1989).

[16] S. Lee, S. H. Saw. Pinch current limitation effect in plasma focus. Appl. Phys. Lett., 92, 021503(2008).

[17] W. Kies. Power limits for dynamical pinch discharges. Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion, 28, 1645-1657(1986).

[18] S. Lee, A. Serban. Dimensions and lifetime of the plasma focus pinch. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., 24, 1101-1105(1996).

[19] D. Klir, L. Soto. Drive parameter of neutron-optimized dense plasma foci. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., 40, 3273-3279(2012).

[20] D. Klir, V. A. Kokshenev, P. Kubes, A. Y. Labetsky, M. Paduch, K. Rezac, A. V. Shishlov. Search for drive parameter of neutron-optimized Z-pinches and dense plasma foci. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., 41, 3129-3134(2013).

[21] S. Bugaev, F. Fursov, A. Khuzeev, A. Kim, V. Kiselev, V. Kokshenev, B. Kovalchuk, N. Kovsharov, N. Kurmaev, S. Loginov, G. Mesyats, A. Volkov. GIT16: A megajoule pulse generator with plasma switch for a Z-pinch load. Russ. Phys. J., 40, 1154-1161(1997).

[22] A. A. Kim, V. A. Kokshenev, V. I. Koshelev, B. M. Kovalchuk, V. F. Losev, V. I. Oreshkin, N. A. Ratakhin, V. V. Rostov, A. V. Shishlov. Review of high-power pulsed systems at the Institute of high current electronics. Matter Radiat. Extremes, 1, 201-206(2016).

[23] J. Cikhardt, F. I. Fursov, D. Klir, V. A. Kokshenev, B. M. Kovalchuk, J. Kravarik, P. Kubes, N. E. Kurmaev, A. Y. Labetsky, N. A. Ratakhin, K. Rezac, A. V. Shishlov, O. Sila, J. Stodulka. Characterization of neutron emission from mega-ampere deuterium gas puff Z-pinch at microsecond implosion times. Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion, 55, 085012(2013).

[24] R. K. Cherdizov, J. Cikhardt, B. Cikhardtova, G. N. Dudkin, F. I. Fursov, A. A. Garapatsky, D. Klir, V. A. Kokshenev, B. M. Kovalchuk, J. Kravarik, P. Kubes, N. E. Kurmaev, A. Y. Labetsky, H. Orcikova, V. N. Padalko, N. A. Ratakhin, K. Rezac, A. V. Shishlov, O. Sila, K. Turek, V. A. Varlachev. Efficient generation of fast neutrons by magnetized deuterons in an optimized deuterium gas-puff Z-pinch. Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion, 57, 044005(2015).

[25] R. J. Commisso, J. L. Giuliani. A review of the gas-puff Z-pinch as an X-ray and neutron source. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., 43, 2385-2453(2015).

[26] R. K. Cherdizov, J. Cikhardt, G. N. Dudkin, F. I. Fursov, D. Klir, V. A. Kokshenev, B. M. Kovalchuk, J. Kravarik, P. Kubes, N. E. Kurmaev, A. Y. Labetsky, B. A. Nechaev, H. Orcikova, V. N. Padalko, N. A. Ratakhin, K. Rezac, A. V. Shishlov, O. Sila, K. Turek. Efficient neutron production from a novel configuration of deuterium gas-puff Z-pinch. Phys. Rev. Lett., 112, 095001(2014).

[27] R. K. Cherdizov, J. Cikhardt, B. Cikhardtova, G. N. Dudkin, F. I. Fursov, A. A. Garapatsky, D. Klir, V. A. Kokshenev, B. M. Kovalchuk, J. Krasa, J. Kravarik, P. Kubes, N. E. Kurmaev, A. Y. Labetsky, H. Orcikova, V. N. Padalko, N. A. Ratakhin, K. Rezac, A. V. Shishlov, O. Sila, K. Turek, V. A. Varlachev, A. Velyhan, R. Wagner. Deuterium Z-pinch as a powerful source of multi-MeV ions and neutrons for advanced applications. Phys. Plasmas, 23, 032702(2016).

[28] R. Gullickson, H. Sahlin. J. Appl. Phys., 49, 1099-1105(1978).

[29] L. Bertalot, H. Herold, U. Jager, A. Mozer, T. Oppenlander, M. Sadowski, H. Schmidt. Phys. Lett. A, 79, 389-392(1980).

[30] H. Herold, A. Mozer, M. Sadowski, H. Schmidt. Experimental studies of fast deuterons, impurity-ions and admixture-ions emitted from a plasma-focus. J. Appl. Phys., 53, 2959-2964(1982).

[31] R. K. Cherdizov, J. Cikhardt, B. Cikhardtova, G. N. Dudkin, F. I. Fursov, T. Hyhlik, J. Kaufman, D. Klir, V. A. Kokshenev, B. M. Kovalchuk, J. Krasa, J. Kravarik, P. Kubes, N. E. Kurmaev, A. Y. Labetsky, V. Munzar, H. Orcikova, V. N. Padalko, N. A. Ratakhin, K. Rezac, A. V. Shishlov, O. Sila, J. Stodulka, K. Turek, V. A. Varlachev, R. Wagner. Ion acceleration mechanism in mega-ampere gas-puff Z-pinches. New J. Phys., 20, 053064(2018).

[32] B. Trubnikov, S. Zhdanov. Particle acceleration on breaking of constrictions of a Z-pinch and in plasma focus. Z. Eksp. Teor. Fiz., 70, 92(1976).

[33] G. Burkhart, J. Drake, P. Dusenbery, T. Speiser. A particle model for magnetotail neutral sheet equilibria. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 97, 13799-13815(1992).

[34] A. Lui. Current disruption in the Earth’s magnetosphere: Observations and models. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 101, 13067-13088(1996).

[35] J. Bialek, A. Bondeson, A. H. Boozer, R. J. Buttery, A. Garofalo, G. Giruzzi, T. P. Goodman, R. S. Granetz, Y. Gribov, O. Gruber, M. Gryaznevich, S. Guenter, N. Hayashi, C. C. Hegna, P. Helander, T. C. Hender, D. F. Howell, D. A. Humphreys, G. T. A. Huysmans, A. W. Hyatt, A. Isayama, S. C. Jardin, Y. Kawano, A. Kellman, C. Kessel, H. R. Koslowski, R. J. La Haye, E. Lazzaro, Y. Q. Liu, V. Lukash, J. Manickam, S. Medvedev, V. Mertens, S. V. Mirnov, Y. Nakamura, G. Navratil, M. Okabayashi, T. Ozeki, R. Paccagnella, G. Pautasso, F. Porcelli, V. D. Pustovitov, V. Riccardo, M. Sato, O. Sauter, M. J. Schaffer, M. Shimada, P. Sonato, E. J. Strait, M. Sugihara, M. Takechi, A. D. Turnbull, J. C. Wesley, E. Westerhof, D. G. Whyte, R. Yoshino, H. Zohm. Chapter 3: MHD stability, operational limits and disruptions. Nucl. Fusion, 47, S128-S202(2007).

[36] F. Fiuza, C. Ruyer. Disruption of current filaments and isotropization of the magnetic field in counterstreaming plasmas. Phys. Rev. Lett., 120, 245002(2018).

[37] A. Frank, S. V. Lebedev, D. D. Ryutov. Exploring astrophysics-relevant magnetohydrodynamics with pulsed-power laboratory facilities. Rev. Mod. Phys., 91, 025002(2019).

[38] M. Haines. Ion-beam formation in an M = O unstable Z-pinch. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., 207, 179-185(1983).

[39] G. McCall. Calculation of neutron yield from a dense Z-pinch. Phys. Rev. Lett., 62, 1986-1988(1989).

[40] R. E. Clark, R. J. Leeper, C. B. Mostrom, D. V. Rose, W. A. Stygar, D. R. Welch. Fully kinetic particle-in-cell simulations of a deuterium gas puff Z pinch. Phys. Rev. Lett., 103, 255002(2009).

[41] B. Appelbe, J. Chittenden. Neutron spectra from beam-target reactions in dense Z-pinches. Phys. Plasmas, 22, 102703(2015).

[42] S. A. Chaikovsky, V. I. Oreshkin, D. L. Shmelev. Hybrid MHD/PIC simulation of a deuterium gas puff Z pinch. J. Phys.: Conf. Ser., 830, 012018(2017).

[43] S. Gary. Ion-acceleration in a plasma focus. Phys. Fluids, 17, 2135-2137(1974).

[44] K. Hirano, H. Nakajima, K. Shimoda, T. Yamamoto. Production of a highly ionized ion-beam by a plasma-focus. J. Phys. Soc. Jpn., 58, 3591-3599(1989).

[45] M. Haines. Kinetic effects in Z pinches. Laser Part. Beams, 19, 345-353(2001).

[46] A. Banaszak, B. Bienkowska, A. V. Dubrovsky, V. A. Gribkov, I. Ivanova-Stanik, L. Jakubowski, L. Karpinski, R. A. Miklaszewski, M. Paduch, M. J. Sadowski, M. Scholz, A. Szydlowski, K. Tomaszewski. Plasma dynamics in the PF-1000 device under full-scale energy storage: II. Fast electron and ion characteristics versus neutron emission parameters and gun optimization perspectives. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 40, 3592-3607(2007).

[47] S. F. Garanin, V. I. Mamyshev. Two-dimensional MHD simulations of a plasma focus with allowance for the acceleration mechanism for neutron generation. Plasma Phys. Rep., 34, 639-649(2008).

[48] P. Miller, J. Poukey, T. Wright. Electron-beam generation in plasma-filled diodes. Phys. Rev. Lett., 35, 940-943(1975).

[49] R. Commisso, J. Grossmann, D. Hinshelwood, P. Ottinger, S. Swanekamp, B. Weber. Gap formation processes in a high-density plasma opening switch. Phys. Plasmas, 2, 299-309(1995).

[50] R. Commisso, G. Cooperstein, D. Hinshelwood, D. Mosher, P. Ottinger, D. Ponce, J. Schumer, S. Stephanakis, S. Strasburg, S. Swanekamp, B. Weber, F. Young. Ultra-high electron beam power and energy densities using a plasma-filled rod-pinch diode. Phys. Plasmas, 11, 2916-2927(2004).

[51] B. M. Kovalchuk, N. N. Pedin, A. A. Zherlitsyn. Plasma-filled diode in the electron accelerator on base of a pulsed linear transformer. Laser Part. Beams, 28, 547-552(2010).

[52] D. A. Hammer, S. A. Pikuz, T. A. Shelkovenko. X-pinch. Part I. Plasma Phys. Rep., 41, 291-342(2015).

[53] S. Buryskova, R. K. Cherdizov, J. Cikhardt, B. Cikhardtova, G. N. Dudkin, J. T. Engelbrecht, F. I. Fursov, S. L. Jackson, D. Klir, V. A. Kokshenev, J. Krasa, J. Kravarik, P. Kubes, N. E. Kurmaev, V. Munzar, V. N. Padalko, N. A. Ratakhin, K. Rezac, A. V. Shishlov, O. Sila, K. Turek, V. A. Varlachev, R. Wagner. Acceleration of protons and deuterons up to 35 MeV and generation of 10(13) neutrons in a megaampere deuterium gas-puff Z-pinch. Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion, 61, 014018(2019).

[54] J. Boller, R. Commisso, P. Goodrich, D. Hinshelwood, J. Kellogg, J. Shipman, B. Weber, F. Young. Design and performance of HAWK, a versatile pulsed power generator(1991).

[55] R. Cherdizov, F. Fursov, V. Kokshenev, N. Kurmaev, N. Labetskaya, A. Shishlov. Effect of the gas distribution on implosion dynamics and the K-shell yield of the neon gas-puffs with the outer plasma shell. J. Phys.: Conf. Ser., 1115, 022013(2018).

[56] A. Beresnyak, J. Cikhardt, J. Englebrecht, J. Giuliani, S. Jackson, D. Klir, A. Mamonau, G. T. Rado, K. Rezac, J. Schumer, B. Weber, H. Suhl. Initial conditions in the HAWK dense plasma focus(2019).

[57] J. Apruzese, D. Black, J. Boller, R. Commisso, B. Moosman, D. Mosher, S. Stephanakis, B. Weber, F. Young. Results of radius scaling experiments and analysis of neon K-shell radiation data from an inductively driven Z-pinch. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., 26, 1068-1085(1998).

[58] A. Beresnyak, J. L. Giuliani, S. L. Jackson, D. Mosher, A. S. Richardson, J. Schumer, S. Swanekamp, B. Weber. Simulations of a dense plasma focus on a high-impedance generator. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., 46, 3881-3885(2018).

[59] S. Jackson. Enhanced neutron yield from a dense plasma focus with local mass injection driven by a high-inductance generator.

[60] L. Karpinski, D. Klir, J. Kravarik, P. Kubes, E. Litseva, M. Paduch, K. Rezac, M. Scholz, K. Tomaszewski. Fusion neutron detector for time-of-flight measurements in Z-pinch and plasma focus experiments. Rev. Sci. Instrum., 82, 033505(2011).

[61] R. Allen, J. Apruzese, R. Commisso, G. Cooperstein, M. Gagliardi, D. Hinshelwood, A. Hunt, S. Jackson, D. Mosher, D. Murphy, P. Ottinger, J. Schumer, H. Seipel, S. Swanekamp, F. Young. Detectors for intense, pulsed active detection, 516-523(2010).

[62] A. Knudson, W. Oliphant, S. Stephanakis, F. Young. Absolute calibration of a prompt gamma-ray detector for intense bursts of protons. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., 9, 24-29(1981).

[63] S. Goldstein, D. Hinshelwood, D. Mosher, S. Stephanakis, F. Young. Temporal deuteron current determinations using neutron time-of-flight(1978).

[64] F. Young. Neutron diagnostics for pulsed plasma sources. IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., 22, 718-723(1975).

[65] S. Stephanakis, F. Young. Activations counters for pulsed neutron sources(1975).

[66] R. K. Cherdizov, J. Cikhardt, B. Cikhardtova, G. N. Dudkin, F. I. Fursov, D. Klir, V. A. Kokshenev, J. Kravarik, P. Kubes, N. E. Kurmaev, A. Y. Labetsky, V. N. Padalko, N. A. Ratakhin, K. Rezac, A. V. Shishlov, O. Sila, K. Turek, V. A. Varlachev. Neutron spectrum measured by activation diagnostics in deuterium gas-puff experiments on the 3 MA GIT-12 Z-pinch. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., 45, 3209-3217(2017).

[67]

[68] J. P. Biersack, J. F. Ziegler, M. D. Ziegler. SRIM - The stopping and range of ions in matter (2010). Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. B, 268, 1818-1823(2010).

[69] D. Klir. Spatial distribution of ion emission in gas-puff Z-pinches and dense plasma foci. Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion, 62, 035009(2020).

[70] R. Arcilla, R. C. Block, J. B. Briggs, D. A. Brown, A. D. Carlson, M. B. Chadwick, E. T. Cheng, A. Courcelle, D. E. Cullen, H. Derrien, C. L. Dunford, M. E. Dunn, S. C. Frankle, N. M. Greene, G. M. Hale, D. P. Heinrichs, M. Herman, H. C. Huria, A. C. Kahler, T. Kawano, K. S. Kozier, N. M. Larson, L. C. Leal, R. C. Little, C. R. Lubitz, R. E. MacFarlane, D. G. Madland, R. D. McKnight, D. P. McNabb, P. Moller, R. D. Mosteller, S. F. Mughabghab, P. Oblozinsky, P. R. Page, B. Pritychenko, V. Pronyaev, D. Rochman, D. L. Smith, A. A. Sonzogni, P. Talou, H. Trellue, T. H. Trumbull, S. C. van der Marck, J. P. Weinman, M. C. White, W. B. Wilson, P. G. Young, M. L. Zerkle. ENDF/B-VII.0: Next generation evaluated nuclear data library for nuclear science and technology. Nucl. Data Sheets, 107, 2931-3059(2006).

[71] S. S. Ananev, Y. L. Bakshaev, V. A. Bryzgunov, A. S. Chernenko, J. Cikhardt, T. Hyhlik, L. Juha, Y. G. Kalinin, E. D. Kazakov, D. Klir, V. D. Korolev, J. Krasa, J. Kravarik, P. Kubes, E. Litseva, K. Rezac, J. Sonsky, G. I. Ustroev, A. Velyhan, I. V. Volobuev, L. Vysin, A. A. Zelenin. Efficient production of 100 keV deuterons in deuterium gas puff Z-pinches at 2 MA current. Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion, 52, 065013(2010).

[72] A. Batyunin, A. Bulatov, V. Vikharev. Study of an ultrafast Z-pinch on the Angara 5-1 device. Sov. J. Plasma Phys., 16, 597-601(1990).

[73] A. Bernard, P. Cloth, H. Conrads, A. Coudeville, G. Gourlan, A. Jolas, C. Maisonnier, J. Rager. The dense-plasma focus—A high-intensity neutron source. Nucl. Instrum. Methods, 145, 191-218(1977).

[74] M. Milanese, R. Moroso, J. Pouzo. D-D neutron yield in the 125 J dense plasma focus nanofocus. Eur. Phys. J. D, 27, 77-81(2003).

[75] J. Moreno, C. Pavez, L. Soto, A. Tarifeno, F. Veloso. Studies on scalability and scaling laws for the plasma focus: Similarities and differences in devices from 1 MJ to 0.1 J. Plasma Sources Sci. Technol., 19, 055017(2010).

[76] V. Y. Dolinskii, D. A. Ershov, A. P. Falin, S. F. Garanin, A. V. Garin, O. N. Petrushin, Y. S. Shigaev. Prospects for development of pulsed source with a yield 10(14) DT-neutrons based on spherical DPF chamber, 131-137(2018).

[77] B. D. Lemeshko, Y. V. Mikhailov, I. A. Prokuratov. Experimental dependence of the neutron yield on the discharge current for plasma focus chambers filled with deuterium and deuterium-tritium. Plasma Phys. Rep., 45, 334-344(2019).