Mutagenic effects of <sup>60</sup>Co-γ-ray irradiation on the spikes of four <i>Lycium</i>species

Jiadong WANG; Kai FENG; Songbo YANG; Bo ZHANG; Linyuan DUAN; Dandan ZHANG; Zicheng ZHANG; Xiang LI

doi:10.11889/j.1000-3436.2024-0053

Journal of Radiation Research and Radiation Processing, Volume. 43, Issue 1, 010404(2025)

Mutagenic effects of ⁶⁰Co-γ-ray irradiation on the spikes of four Lyciumspecies

Jiadong WANG^1,2, Kai FENG^1,2, Songbo YANG^1,2, Bo ZHANG³, Linyuan DUAN³, Dandan ZHANG⁴, Zicheng ZHANG⁴, and Xiang LI^1,2、*

Author Affiliations

¹College of Forestry and Grassland, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China

²National Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Tree Resources, Yinchuan 750021, China

³Research Institute of Lycium Science, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Yinchuan 750002, China

⁴Heilongjiang Research Institute of Atomic Energy, Harbin 150081, China

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Figures & Tables(10)

Fig. 1. Variation status of Lyciumplants after irradiation treatment: (a) Z29 control plants; (b) variegated condition of plants after Z29 60 Gy irradiation treatment; (c) Z62 control plants; (d) variegated leaves after Z62 80 Gy irradiation treatment

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Fig. 2. Viability of four species of Lyciumat different radiation doses (color online)

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Fig. 3. Survival rate of four species of Lycium in the control group (a); decrease in the survival rate of the four Lycium species under 20 Gy (b), 40 Gy (c), 60 Gy (d), 80 Gy (e), and 100 Gy (f) compared with those in the control group

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Fig. 4. Correlation analysis of four Lycium traits after treatment with different absorbed doses(Rd: absorbed dose; Rofs: rdiate of survival; d_G: ground diamete; h_P: plant heigh; L_i: length of leaf; L_w: leaf width; L_t: leaf thickness; P_l: petiole length; L_a: leaf area; L_c: leaf circumference; Chlo.a: chlorophyll a; Chlo.b: chlorophyll b; Tcc:total chlorophyll; Caro:carotenoids; The numbers in the legend are correlation coefficients; *, **, *** represent 0.05, 0.01, and 0.001 levels, respectively

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Table 1. Effects of different absorbed doses on the growth of 4 kinds of Lycium

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Table 1. Effects of different absorbed doses on the growth of 4 kinds of Lycium

材料	吸收剂量 / Gy	成活率 / %	地径 / cm	株高 / cm	叶长 / cm	叶宽 / cm	叶厚 / cm	叶柄长 / cm	叶面积 / cm²	叶周长 / cm
Materials	Absorbed dose	Rdiate of survival	Ground diameter	Plant height	Length of leaf	Leaf width	Leaf thickness	Petiole length	Leaf area	Leaf circumference
Z29	0	90.75±0.58^a	5.93±0.28^a	113.18±8.15^a	99.00±5.17^a	31.35±2.31a	0.45±0.04a	11.73±1.21ab	18.66±1.93a	25.21±1.49a
	20	65.16±0.95ab	5.5±1.31a	107.5±21.05a	82.61±2.69a	28.56±2.29b	0.35±0.03b	12.69±0.93a	13.49±1.44b	21.28±0.29b
	40	60.72±0.51ab	4.77±1.00a	106.78±35.17a	79.83±7.98a	24.8±1.61^c	0.34±0.01b	11.77±2.25ab	12.74±2.19b	20.25±2.47b
	60	60.19±0.46ab	4.71±0.38a	88.76±4.82a	90.68±6.86a	29.99±2.45ab	0.28±0.04b	10.43±1.70b	12.28±1.80b	20.01±1.56b
	80	9.03±0.12b	2.85±1.10b	31.7±25.75b	71.23±4.44b	25.69±1.58^c	0.21±0.10^c	10.99±1.16ab	9.76±1.07^c	17.82±0.96^c
	100	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Z62	0	100±0a	5.91±0.90a	100.88±10.73a	80.48±6.11a	41.95±3.79b	0.33±0.02a	13.82±0.87ab	22.63±3.02b	24.31±1.27b
	20	69.79±0.28ab	4.97±0.27abc	87.49±10.37ab	77.13±3.34a	38.6±2.24b	0.27±0.03abc	13.22±0.50abc	16.54±2.11^c	21.11±1.03^c
	40	46.74±0.70^ab	4.85±1.43ab	76.92±43.01ab	77.23±3.72a	40.40±1.46b	0.23±0.04^c	14.14±1.59ab	15.05±1.69^cd	20.17±0.56^cd
	60	39.85±0.91ab	4.73±0.58ab	75.78±9.51a	76.67±4.84a	57.01±5.79a	0.30±0.05ab	14.59±1.21a	26.32±3.40a	26.40±1.29a
	80	31.66±0.94ab	4.60±0.60^bc	73.86±38.62ab	73.15±11.66a	36.66±5.52^b	0.25±0.04^bc	12.47±1.30^bc	10.49±3.51^e	17.20±2.51^e
	100	8.92±0.13^b	3.65±0.73^c	53.5±19.4^b	72.17±10.03a	38.15±3.28b	0.23±0.06^c	11.69±2.02^c	12.58±1.60^de	18.62±1.33^de
T3	0	78.64±1.54a	5.12±0.41a	95.41±8.07a	74.72±3.96a	37.75±3.32a	0.30±0.01a	11.62±1.46a	19.84±0.98a	21.76±0.29a
	20	51.19±1.33ab	4.54±1.23a	70.49±12.65^b	68.89±2.12^b	35.77±1.84a	0.21±0.04^b	11.66±1.03a	14.43±1.26^c	18.70±0.82^c
	40	33.57±1.53ab	4.28±0.34a	60.84±15.73^b	70.37±3.39^b	36.93±3.94a	0.19±0.03^bc	10.56±0.93a	17.29±1.97^b	19.75±0.99^b
	60	9.35±0.66ab	4.08±0.17^b	49.12±4.11^c	56.17±5.55^c	28.86±2.87^b	0.16±0.03^c	8.82±1.94^b	8.60±1.42^d	14.47±1.43^d
	80	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	100	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Z99	0	83.26±2.07a	5.74±0.48a	127.63±14.87a	80.28±8.16^bc	27.84±4.82^c	0.35±0.01a	11.28±0.92a	15.72±4.62^bc	21.94±3.42a
	20	76.01±1.30a	5.39±1.39a	115.59±42.24a	96.06±5.13ab	33.17±6.15^bc	0.20±0.04^d	12.02±1.40a	17.95±2.59ab	24.21±2.45a
	40	70.24±0.84a	5.01±0.73a	99.44±14.74a	97.38±7.31ab	37.08±3.65^b	0.27±0.06^bc	11.62±2.92a	19.61±3.33ab	24.21±1.97a
	60	46.76±3.53a	4.88±0.39a	98.21±8.50a	116.91±10.37a	50.53±3.96a	0.29±0.05^b	10.38±0.77a	21.43±3.12a	22.20±1.51a
	80	13.57±1.14a	3.06±1.24^b	30.98±19.34^b	82.82±0.65^c	34.44±3.71^b	0.22±0.03^cd	10.43±1.10a	12.04±2.28^c	18.59±1.10^b
	100	8.06±1.52a	2.60±0.33^b	26.75±7.94^b	51.59±6.16^d	21.30±1.98^d	0.19±0.04^d	6.46±1.61^b	6.73±1.72^d	13.78±1.75^c

Table 2. Analysis of growth difference of different Lycium under the same absorbed dose

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Table 2. Analysis of growth difference of different Lycium under the same absorbed dose

吸收剂量 /Gy	材料	地径 / cm	株高 / cm	叶长 / cm	叶宽 / cm	叶厚 / cm	叶柄长 / cm	叶面积 / cm²	叶周长 / cm
Absorbed dose	Materials	Ground diameter	Plant height	Length of leaf	Leaf width	Leaf thickness	Petiole length	Leaf area	Leaf circumference
0	Z29	5.93±0.28a	113.18±8.15ab	99.00±5.17a	31.35±2.31^b	0.45±0.04a	11.73±1.21^b	18.66±1.93ab	25.21±1.49a
	Z62	5.91±0.9a	100.88±10.73^bc	80.48±6.11^b	41.95±3.79a	0.33±0.02ab	13.82±0.87a	22.63±3.02a	24.31±1.27ab
	T3	5.12±0.41a	95.41±8.07a	74.72±3.96a	37.75±3.32a	0.30±0.01a	11.62±1.46a	19.84±0.98a	21.76±0.29a
	Z99	5.74±0.48a	127.63±14.87a	80.28±8.16^b	27.84±4.82^b	0.35±0.01^b	11.28±0.92^b	15.72±4.62^c	21.94±3.42^b
20	Z29	5.50±1.31a	107.5±21.05a	82.61±2.69a	28.56±2.29^b	0.35±0.03^b	12.69±0.93a	13.49±1.44^b	21.28±0.29^b
	Z62	4.97±0.27a	87.49±10.37ab	77.13±3.34^b	38.6±2.24a	0.27±0.03^b	13.22±0.5a	16.54±2.11ab	21.11±1.03^b
	T3	4.54±1.23a	70.49±12.65^b	68.89±2.12^c	35.77±1.84ab	0.21±0.04^c	11.66±1.03a	14.43±1.26^bc	18.70±0.82^b
	Z99	5.39±1.39a	115.59±42.24a	96.06±5.13a	33.17±6.15^b	0.2±0.04^c	12.02±1.4a	17.95±2.59a	24.21±2.45a
40	Z29	4.77±1a	106.78±35.17a	79.83±7.98a	24.8±1.61c	0.34±0.01^b	11.77±2.25ab	12.74±2.19^b	20.25±2.47^b
	Z62	4.85±1.43a	76.92±43.01ab	77.23±3.72^b	40.40±1.46a	0.23±0.04^bc	14.14±1.59a	15.05±1.69^bc	20.17±0.56^b
	T3	4.28±0.34a	60.84±15.73^b	70.37±3.39^c	36.93±3.94a	0.19±0.03^c	10.56±0.93^b	17.29±1.97ab	19.75±0.99^b
	Z99	5.01±0.73a	99.44±14.74ab	97.38±7.31a	37.08±3.65a	0.27±0.06^b	11.62±2.92^b	19.61±3.33a	24.21±1.97a
60	Z29	4.71±0.38a	88.76±4.82ab	90.68±6.86^b	29.99±2.45^c	0.28±0.04a	10.43±1.7^b	12.28±1.8^c	20.01±1.56^c
	Z62	4.73±0.58a	75.78±9.51^b	76.67±4.84^c	57.01±5.79a	0.30±0.05^b	14.59±1.21a	26.32±3.4a	26.40±1.29a
	T3	4.08±0.17^b	49.12±4.11^c	56.17±5.55^d	28.86±2.87^c	0.16±0.03a	8.82±1.94a	8.60±1.42^d	14.47±1.43^d
	Z99	4.88±0.39a	98.21±8.50a	116.91±10.37a	50.53±3.96^b	0.29±0.05a	10.38±0.77a	21.43±3.12^b	22.2±1.51^b
80	Z29	2.85±1.10^b	31.70±25.75^b	71.23±4.44^b	25.69±1.58^b	0.21±0.10a	10.99±1.16^b	9.76±1.07a	17.82±0.96a
	Z62	4.60±0.64a	73.86±38.62a	73.15±11.66ab	36.66±5.52a	0.25±0.04a	12.47±1.30a	10.49±3.51a	17.20±2.51a
	T3	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	Z99	3.06±1.24^b	30.98±19.34^b	82.82±0.65a	34.44±3.71a	0.22±0.03a	10.43±1.10^b	12.04±2.28a	18.59±1.10a
100	Z29	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	Z62	3.52±1.01a	46.69±15.23a	50.14±3.43a	13.52±1.91a	0.35±0.03a	7.20±1.44a	5.32±1.20a	13.53±1.42a
	T3	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
	Z99	6.84±1.50^b	123.79±19.01^b	75.82±5.22^b	28.06±2.03^b	0.28±0.03a	11.30±1.53b	13.05±1.54^b	19.87±1.17^b

Table 3. Effects of different absorbed doses on physiological indexes of 4 kinds of Lycium leaves

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Table 3. Effects of different absorbed doses on physiological indexes of 4 kinds of Lycium leaves

材料 Materials	吸收剂量 / Gy Absorbed dose	叶绿素a / (mg·g^-1) Chlorophyll a	叶绿素b / (mg·g^-1) Chlorophyll b	叶绿素总含量 / (mg·g^-1) Total chlorophyll	类胡萝卜 / (mg·g^-1) Carotenoids
Z29	0	6.46±0.10ab	2.32±0.08ab	8.78±0.15ab	2.15±0.08ab
	20	11.12±0.19a	3.95±0.07a	15.11±0.23a	3.64±0.26a
	40	6.04±0.02ab	2.53±0.06ab	8.56±0.08ab	2.21±0.12ab
	60	4.51±0.01ab	1.82±0.02ab	6.33±0.01ab	1.43±0.02ab
	80	9.82±0.04a	3.73±0.04a	13.55±0.06a	3.15±0.03ab
	100	—	—	—	—
Z62	0	6.09±0.03ab	2.10±0.04ab	8.19±0.07ab	2.30±0.07a
	20	5.03±0.06ab	2.49±0.06ab	7.52±0.06ab	1.85±0.02a
	40	8.22±0.04ab	3.69±0.06ab	11.91±0.09ab	3.09±0.03a
	60	2.80±0.02^b	1.37±0.03^b	4.17±0.04^b	1.07±0.05a
	80	14.88±0.00a	6.20±0.09a	21.07±0.09a	4.88±0.03a
	100	8.87±0.07ab	3.08±0.04ab	11.95±0.08ab	2.85±0.08a
T3	0	10.20±0.07a	3.81±0.03a	14.01±0.07a	3.68±0.06a
	20	3.58±0.03ab	2.80±0.01ab	6.37±0.04ab	1.64±0.01ab
	40	7.17±0.04ab	3.18±0.02ab	10.35±0.02ab	2.65±0.02ab
	60	5.40±0.24ab	2.23±0.02ab	7.63±0.24ab	1.84±0.02ab
	80	—	—	—	—
	100	—	—	—	—
Z99	0	7.07±0.05a	2.27±0.05a	9.33±0.10a	2.38±0.12a
	20	5.21±0.09a	2.42±0.04a	7.63±0.13a	1.95±0.05a
	40	9.11±0.01a	3.21±0.09a	12.33±0.10a	2.86±0.08a
	60	4.67±0.05a	1.79±0.02a	6.46±0.05a	1.55±0.03a
	80	10.41±0.33a	4.24±0.10a	14.64±0.23a	3.26±0.18a
	100	7.86±0.08a	3.09±0.03a	10.96±0.08a	2.48±0.07a

Table 4. Physiological difference analysis of different Lyciumunder the same absorbed dose

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Table 4. Physiological difference analysis of different Lyciumunder the same absorbed dose

吸收剂量 / Gy Absorbed dose	材料 Materials	叶绿素a / (mg·g^-1) Chlorophyll a	叶绿素b / (mg·g^-1) Chlorophyll b	叶绿素总含量 / (mg·g^-1) Total chlorophyll	类胡萝卜 / (mg·g^-1) Carotenoids
0	Z29	6.46±0.10a	2.32±0.08a	8.78±0.15a	2.15±0.08a
	Z62	6.09±0.03a	2.10±0.04a	8.19±0.07a	2.30±0.07a
	T3	10.20±0.07a	3.81±0.03a	14.01±0.07a	3.68±0.06a
	Z99	7.07±0.05a	2.27±0.05a	9.33±0.10a	2.38±0.12a
20	Z29	11.12±0.19a	3.95±0.07a	15.11±0.23a	3.64±0.26a
	Z62	5.03±0.06a	2.49±0.06a	7.52±0.06a	1.85±0.02a
	T3	3.58±0.03a	2.8±0.010a	6.37±0.04a	1.64±0.01a
	Z99	5.21±0.09a	2.42±0.04a	7.63±0.13a	1.95±0.05a
40	Z29	6.04±0.02a	2.53±0.06a	8.56±0.08a	2.21±0.12a
	Z62	8.22±0.04a	3.69±0.06a	11.91±0.09a	3.09±0.03a
	T3	7.17±0.04a	3.18±0.02a	10.35±0.02a	2.65±0.02a
	Z99	9.11±0.01a	3.21±0.09a	12.33±0.10a	2.86±0.08a
60	Z29	4.51±0.01a	1.82±0.02a	6.33±0.01a	1.43±0.02a
	Z62	2.80±0.02a	1.37±0.03a	4.17±0.04a	1.07±0.05a
	T3	5.40±0.24a	2.23±0.02a	7.63±0.24a	1.84±0.02a
	Z99	4.67±0.05a	1.79±0.02a	6.46±0.05a	1.55±0.03a
80	Z29	9.82±0.04a	3.73±0.04a	13.55±0.06a	3.15±0.03a
	Z62	14.88±0.00a	6.2±0.09a	21.07±0.09a	4.88±0.03a
	T3	—	—	—	—
	Z99	10.41±0.33a	4.24±0.10a	14.64±0.23a	3.26±0.18a
100	Z29	—	—	—	—
	Z62	6.51±0.17a	2.40±0.02a	8.91±0.15a	2.18±0.03a
	T3	—	—	—	—
	Z99	5.54±0.32a	1.76±0.04a	7.30±0.29a	2.08±0.05ab

Table 5. Mortality of 4 species of Lycium treated with different absorbed doses
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Table 5. Mortality of 4 species of Lycium treated with different absorbed doses
吸收剂量 / Gy
Absorbed dose
死亡率 Death rate
Z29 Z62 T3 Z99
0 9.25 0 21.36 16.74
20 34.84 30.21 48.81 23.99
40 39.28 60.15 66.43 29.76
60 39.81 53.27 90.65 53.27
80 90.97 68.34 100 86.43
100 100 91.08 100 91.94

Table 6. Relationship between mortality and absorbed dose of 4 kinds of Lyciumwith different absorbed doses

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Table 6. Relationship between mortality and absorbed dose of 4 kinds of Lyciumwith different absorbed doses

枸杞材料 Wolfberry materials	回归方程 Regression equation	R²	p值 p value	半致死剂量（LD₅₀） Semi-lethal dose (LD₅₀)
Z29	y=0.886x+7.880	0.886	0.005	47.54
Z62	y=0.804x+10.298	0.900	0.004	49.38
T3	y=0.816x+30.423	0.923	0.002	23.99
Z99	y=0.838x+8.434	0.930	0.002	49.60

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Jiadong WANG, Kai FENG, Songbo YANG, Bo ZHANG, Linyuan DUAN, Dandan ZHANG, Zicheng ZHANG, Xiang LI. Mutagenic effects of ⁶⁰Co-γ-ray irradiation on the spikes of four Lyciumspecies[J]. Journal of Radiation Research and Radiation Processing, 2025, 43(1): 010404

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Paper Information

Category: RADIATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION

Received: Jun. 15, 2024

Accepted: Sep. 3, 2024

Published Online: Mar. 13, 2025

The Author Email: LI Xiang (李翔)

DOI:10.11889/j.1000-3436.2024-0053

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Table 1. Effects of different absorbed doses on the growth of 4 kinds of Lycium

Table 1. Effects of different absorbed doses on the growth of 4 kinds of Lycium

Table 2. Analysis of growth difference of different Lycium under the same absorbed dose

Table 2. Analysis of growth difference of different Lycium under the same absorbed dose

Table 3. Effects of different absorbed doses on physiological indexes of 4 kinds of Lycium leaves

Table 3. Effects of different absorbed doses on physiological indexes of 4 kinds of Lycium leaves

Table 4. Physiological difference analysis of different Lyciumunder the same absorbed dose

Table 4. Physiological difference analysis of different Lyciumunder the same absorbed dose

Table 5. Mortality of 4 species of Lycium treated with different absorbed doses

Table 5. Mortality of 4 species of Lycium treated with different absorbed doses

Table 6. Relationship between mortality and absorbed dose of 4 kinds of Lyciumwith different absorbed doses

Table 6. Relationship between mortality and absorbed dose of 4 kinds of Lyciumwith different absorbed doses