Bronze Dating Identification Method Based on Bounded Classifiers in Deep Learning

Baiqiang Li; Guangxu Pan; Tianqian Li; Dong Zhu; Lu Bai; Xiaoming Yang; Peigang Liu; Kunqiang Wen

doi:10.3788/LOP231405

Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, Volume. 61, Issue 8, 0812003(2024)

Bronze Dating Identification Method Based on Bounded Classifiers in Deep Learning

Baiqiang Li¹, Guangxu Pan^2、*, Tianqian Li¹, Dong Zhu³, Lu Bai⁴, Xiaoming Yang¹, Peigang Liu², and Kunqiang Wen³

Author Affiliations

¹School of Electrical Engineering and Electronic Information, Xihua University, Chengdu 610036, Sichuan, China

²Civil Aviation Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China

³Chengdu Chuanha Industrial Robot and Intelligent Equipment Industry Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China

⁴Cultural Relics and Archaeology Team of Chengdu Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China

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Figures & Tables(12)

Fig. 1. Overall research flow block diagram

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Fig. 2. Two modules of the backbone network. (a) FusedMB-Conv module; (b) MBConv module

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Fig. 3. Baseline network feature extraction diagrams. (a) Cloud-patterned pot; (b) beast-faced pattern gu

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Fig. 4. Model prediction confidence. (a) MSA-WS; (b) ES

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Fig. 5. The age identification accuracy before and after the improvement of EfficientNetV2-L

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Fig. 6. Classification performance of EfficientNetV2-L_FC_Cos model on the ancient bronze ware test set. (a) Confusion matrix; (b) ROC curves

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Fig. 7. Distribution of confidence levels for each bronze ware

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Table 1. Ancient bronze dataset
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Table 1. Ancient bronze dataset
Category Number
ES 58
MS 73
LS-EWZ 661
LWZ-ESA 316
MSA-WS 609

Table 2. Detailed parameters of the baseline EfficientNetV2-L neural network

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Table 2. Detailed parameters of the baseline EfficientNetV2-L neural network

Stage		Operator	Stride	Channel	Layer
Stem	0	Conv 3×3	2	32	1
Backbone	1	FusedMB-Conv1，k3×3	1	32	4
	2	FusedMB-Conv4，k3×3	2	64	7
	3	FusedMB-Conv4，k3×3	2	96	7
	4	MBConv4，k3×3，SE0.25	2	192	10
	5	MBConv6，k3×3，SE0.25	1	224	19
	6	MBConv6，k3×3，SE0.25	2	384	25
	7	MBConv6，k3×3，SE0.25	1	640	7
Head	8	Conv1×1&Pooling&FC		1280	1

Table 3. Detailed parameters of the improved EfficientNetV2-L neural network

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Table 3. Detailed parameters of the improved EfficientNetV2-L neural network

Stage		Operator	Stride	Channel	Layer
Stem	0	Conv 3×3	2	32	1
Backbone	1	FusedMB-Conv1，k3×3	1	32	4
	2	FusedMB-Conv4，k3×3	2	64	7
	3	FusedMB-Conv4，k3×3	2	96	7
	4	MBConv4，k3×3，SE0.25	2	192	10
	5	MBConv6，k3×3，SE0.25	1	224	19
	6	MBConv6，k3×3，SE0.25	2	384	25
	7	MBConv6，k3×3，SE0.25	1	640	7
Head	8	Conv1×1&Pooling& C_classifier		1280	1

Table 4. Baseline network performance comparison

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Table 4. Baseline network performance comparison

Baseline model	R_accuracy /%	R_precision /%	R_recall /%	s_F1 /%	AUC /%	Support
VGG16	82.8	83.8	82.8	82.5	95.5	169
Resnet34	78.1	78.6	78.1	77.7	91.9	169
ShuffleNet V2	84.6	84.9	84.6	84.5	94.7	169
EfficientNetV2-L	87.6	88.4	87.6	87.6	97.4	169

Table 5. Improvement results of EfficientNetV2-L
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Table 5. Improvement results of EfficientNetV2-L
Model R_accuracy /% R_precision /% R_recall /% s_F1 /% AUC /% Support
EfficientNetV2 87.6 88.4 87.6 87.6 97.4 169
EfficientNetV2_FC 89.9 90.8 89.9 90.0 97.1 169
EfficientNetV2_FC_Cos 91.7 92.4 91.7 91.8 98.3 169

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Baiqiang Li, Guangxu Pan, Tianqian Li, Dong Zhu, Lu Bai, Xiaoming Yang, Peigang Liu, Kunqiang Wen. Bronze Dating Identification Method Based on Bounded Classifiers in Deep Learning[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2024, 61(8): 0812003

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