Characterizing 86-attosecond isolated pulses based on amplitude gating of high harmonic generation [Invited]

Shiyang Zhong; Hao Teng; Xiaoxian Zhu; Yitan Gao; Kejian Wang; Xianzhi Wang; Yiming Wang; Suyu Yu; Kun Zhao; Zhiyi Wei

doi:10.3788/COL202321.113201

Chinese Optics Letters, Volume. 21, Issue 11, 113201(2023)

Characterizing 86-attosecond isolated pulses based on amplitude gating of high harmonic generation [Invited]

Shiyang Zhong¹, Hao Teng^1,2、*, Xiaoxian Zhu^1,3, Yitan Gao^1,3, Kejian Wang^1,4, Xianzhi Wang¹, Yiming Wang^1,3, Suyu Yu^1,4, Kun Zhao^1,2、**, and Zhiyi Wei^1,2,3、***

Author Affiliations

¹Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

²Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China

³University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

⁴School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China

show less

References(46)

[1] X. Shi, C.-T. Liao, Z. Tao, E. Cating-Subramanian, M. M. Murnane, C. Hernández-García, H. C. Kapteyn. Attosecond light science and its application for probing quantum materials. J. Phys. B At. Mol. Opt. Phys., 53, 184008(2020).

[2] M. F. Ciappina, J. A. Perez-Hernandez, A. S. Landsman, W. A. Okell, S. Zherebtsov, B. Forg, J. Schotz, L. Seiffert, T. Fennel, T. Shaaran, T. Zimmermann, A. Chacon, R. Guichard, A. Zair, J. W. Tisch, J. P. Marangos, T. Witting, A. Braun, S. A. Maier, L. Roso, M. Kruger, P. Hommelhoff, M. F. Kling, F. Krausz, M. Lewenstein. Attosecond physics at the nanoscale. Rep. Prog. Phys., 80, 054401(2017).

[3] M. Ferray, A. L’Huillier, X. F. Li, L. A. Lompre, G. Mainfray, C. Manus. Multiple-harmonic conversion of 1064 nm radiation in rare gases. J. Phys. B At. Mol. Opt. Phys., 21, L31(1988).

[4] S. E. Harris, J. J. Macklin, T. W. Hänsch. Atomic scale temporal structure inherent to high-order harmonic generation. Opt. Commun., 100, 487(1993).

[5] Gy. Farkas, Cs. Tóth. Proposal for attosecond light pulse generation using laser induced multiple-harmonic conversion processes in rare gases. Phys. Lett. A, 168, 447(1992).

[6] J. Cao, N. Li, Y. Bai, P. Liu, R. Li. Even-order high-harmonic generation from solids in velocity gauge. Chin. Opt. Lett., 19, 043201(2021).

[7] M. Hentschel, R. Kienberger, Ch. Spielmann, G. A. Reider, N. Milosevic, T. Brabec, P. Corkum, U. Heinzmann, M. Drescher, F. Krausz. Attosecond metrology. Nature, 414, 509(2001).

[8] M.-J. Zhan, P. Ye, H. Teng, X.-K. He, W. Zhang, S.-Y. Zhong, L.-F. Wang, C.-X. Yun, Z.-Y. Wei. Generation and measurement of isolated 160-attosecond XUV laser pulses at 82 eV. Chin. Phys. Lett., 30, 093201(2013).

[9] E. Goulielmakis, M. Schultze, M. Hofstetter, V. S. Yakovlev, J. Gagnon, M. Uiberacker, A. L. Aquila, E. M. Gullikson, D. T. Attwood, R. Kienberger, F. Krausz, U. Kleineberg. Single-cycle nonlinear optics. Science, 320, 1614(2008).

[10] G. Sansone, E. Benedetti, F. Calegari, C. Vozzi, L. Avaldi, R. Flammini, L. Poletto, P. Villoresi, C. Altucci, R. Velotta, S. Stagira, S. De Silvestri, M. Nisoli. Isolated single-cycle attosecond pulses. Science, 314, 443(2006).

[11] P. B. Corkum, N. H. Burnett, M. Y. Ivanov. Subfemtosecond pulses. Opt. Lett., 19, 1870(1994).

[12] B. Xue, Y. Tamaru, Y. Fu, H. Yuan, P. Lan, O. D. Mücke, A. Suda, K. Midorikawa, E. J. Takahashi. Fully stabilized multi-TW optical waveform synthesizer: toward gigawatt isolated attosecond pulses. Sci. Adv., 6, eaay2802(2020).

[13] A. Jullien, T. Pfeifer, M. J. Abel, P. M. Nagel, M. J. Bell, D. M. Neumark, S. R. Leone. Ionization phase-match gating for wavelength-tunable isolated attosecond pulse generation. Appl. Phys. B, 93, 433(2008).

[14] K. Zhao, Q. Zhang, M. Chini, Y. Wu, X. Wang, Z. Chang. Tailoring a 67 attosecond pulse through advantageous phase-mismatch. Opt. Lett., 37, 3891(2012).

[15] Z. Chang. Controlling attosecond pulse generation with a double optical gating. Phys. Rev. A, 76, 051403(2007).

[16] X. Wang, L. Wang, F. Xiao, D. Zhang, Z. Lü, J. Yuan, Z. Zhao. Generation of 88 as isolated attosecond pulses with double optical gating. Chin. Phys. Lett., 37, 023201(2020).

[17] X. Wang, P. Xu, J. Li, H. Yuan, Y. Bai, Y. Wang, W. Zhao. Isolated attosecond pulse with 159 as duration measured by home built attosecond streaking camera. Chin. J. Lasers, 47, 0415002(2020).

[18] X. Feng, S. Gilbertson, H. Mashiko, H. Wang, S. D. Khan, M. Chini, Y. Wu, K. Zhao, Z. Chang. Generation of isolated attosecond pulses with 20 to 28 femtosecond lasers. Phys. Rev. Lett., 103, 183901(2009).

[19] M. Louisy, C. L. Arnold, M. Miranda, E. W. Larsen, S. N. Bengtsson, D. Kroon, M. Kotur, D. Guénot, L. Rading, P. Rudawski, F. Brizuela, F. Campi, B. Kim, A. Jarnac, A. Houard, J. Mauritsson, P. Johnsson, A. L’Huillier, C. M. Heyl. Gating attosecond pulses in a noncollinear geometry. Optica, 2, 563(2015).

[20] H. Vincenti, F. Quéré. Attosecond lighthouses: how to use spatiotemporally coupled light fields to generate isolated attosecond pulses. Phys. Rev. Lett., 108, 113904(2012).

[21] Z. Wei, S. Xu, Y. Jiang, Y. Gao, K. Zhao, J. Zhu. Principle and progress of attosecond pulse generation. Chin. Sci. Bull., 66, 889(2021).

[22] M. Chini, K. Zhao, Z. Chang. The generation, characterization and applications of broadband isolated attosecond pulses. Nat. Photonics, 8, 178(2014).

[23] J. Li, X. Ren, Y. Yin, K. Zhao, A. Chew, Y. Cheng, E. Cunningham, Y. Wang, S. Hu, Y. Wu, M. Chini, Z. Chang. 53-attosecond X-ray pulses reach the carbon K-edge. Nat. Commun., 8, 186(2017).

[24] T. Gaumnitz, A. Jain, Y. Pertot, M. Huppert, I. Jordan, F. Ardana-Lamas, H. J. Wörner. Streaking of 43-attosecond soft-X-ray pulses generated by a passively CEP-stable mid-infrared driver. Opt. Express, 25, 27506(2017).

[25] M. Isinger, R. J. Squibb, D. Busto, S. Zhong, A. Harth, D. Kroon, S. Nandi, C. L. Arnold, M. Miranda, J. M. Dahlström, E. Lindroth, R. Feifel, M. Gisselbrecht, A. L’Huillier. Photoionization in the time and frequency domain. Science, 358, 893(2017).

[26] M. Schultze, M. Fieß, N. Karpowicz, J. Gagnon, M. Korbman, M. Hofstetter, S. Neppl, A. L. Cavalieri, Y. Komninos, Th. Mercouris, C. A. Nicolaides, R. Pazourek, S. Nagele, J. Feist, J. Burgdörfer, A. M. Azzeer, R. Ernstorfer, R. Kienberger, U. Kleineberg, E. Goulielmakis, F. Krausz, V. S. Yakovlev. Delay in photoemission. Science, 328, 1658(2010).

[27] L. Cattaneo, J. Vos, R. Y. Bello, A. Palacios, S. Heuser, L. Pedrelli, M. Lucchini, C. Cirelli, F. Martín, U. Keller. Attosecond coupled electron and nuclear dynamics in dissociative ionization of H2. Nat. Phys., 14, 733(2018).

[28] M. Burt, R. Boll, J. W. L. Lee, K. Amini, H. Köckert, C. Vallance, A. S. Gentleman, S. R. Mackenzie, S. Bari, C. Bomme, S. Düsterer, B. Erk, B. Manschwetus, E. Müller, D. Rompotis, E. Savelyev, N. Schirmel, S. Techert, R. Treusch, J. Küpper, S. Trippel, J. Wiese, H. Stapelfeldt, B. C. de Miranda, R. Guillemin, I. Ismail, L. Journel, T. Marchenko, J. Palaudoux, F. Penent, M. N. Piancastelli, M. Simon, O. Travnikova, F. Brausse, G. Goldsztejn, A. Rouzée, M. Géléoc, R. Geneaux, T. Ruchon, J. Underwood, D. M. P. Holland, A. S. Mereshchenko, P. K. Olshin, P. Johnsson, S. Maclot, J. Lahl, A. Rudenko, F. Ziaee, M. Brouard, D. Rolles. Coulomb-explosion imaging of concurrent CH2BrI photodissociation dynamics. Phys. Rev. A, 96, 043415(2017).

[29] F. Calegari, D. Ayuso, A. Trabattoni, L. Belshaw, S. De Camillis, S. Anumula, F. Frassetto, L. Poletto, A. Palacios, P. Decleva, J. B. Greenwood, F. Martín, M. Nisoli. Ultrafast electron dynamics in phenylalanine initiated by attosecond pulses. Science, 346, 336(2014).

[30] F. Schlaepfer, M. Lucchini, S. A. Sato, M. Volkov, L. Kasmi, N. Hartmann, A. Rubio, L. Gallmann, U. Keller. Attosecond optical-field-enhanced carrier injection into the GaAs conduction band. Nat. Phys., 14, 560(2018).

[31] M. Schultze, E. M. Bothschafter, A. Sommer, S. Holzner, W. Schweinberger, M. Fiess, M. Hofstetter, R. Kienberger, V. Apalkov, V. S. Yakovlev, M. I. Stockman, F. Krausz. Controlling dielectrics with the electric field of light. Nature, 493, 75(2013).

[32] M. Sabbar, S. Heuser, R. Boge, M. Lucchini, L. Gallmann, C. Cirelli, U. Keller. Combining attosecond XUV pulses with coincidence spectroscopy. Rev. Sci. Instrum., 85, 103113(2014).

[33] J. Mikosch, S. Patchkovskii. Coincidence and covariance data acquisition in photoelectron and -ion spectroscopy. I. Formal theory. J. Mod. Opt., 60, 1426(2013).

[34] X. Zhou, S. He, G. Liu, L. Zhao, L. Yu, W. Zhang. New developments in laser-based photoemission spectroscopy and its scientific applications: a key issues review. Rep. Prog. Phys., 81, 062101(2018).

[35] A. Mikkelsen, J. Schwenke, T. Fordell, G. Luo, K. Klünder, E. Hilner, N. Anttu, A. A. Zakharov, E. Lundgren, J. Mauritsson, J. N. Andersen, H. Q. Xu, A. L’Huillier. Photoemission electron microscopy using extreme ultraviolet attosecond pulse trains. Rev. Sci. Instrum., 80, 123703(2009).

[36] S. Mathias, L. Miaja-Avila, M. M. Murnane, H. Kapteyn, M. Aeschlimann, M. Bauer. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with a femtosecond high harmonic light source using a two-dimensional imaging electron analyzer. Rev. Sci. Instrum., 78, 083105(2007).

[37] R. Klas, A. Kirsche, M. Gebhardt, J. Buldt, H. Stark, S. Hädrich, J. Rothhardt, J. Limpert. Ultra-short-pulse high-average-power megahertz-repetition-rate coherent extreme-ultraviolet light source. PhotoniX, 2, 4(2021).

[38] A. K. Mills, S. Zhdanovich, M. X. Na, F. Boschini, E. Razzoli, M. Michiardi, A. Sheyerman, M. Schneider, T. J. Hammond, V. Suss, C. Felser, A. Damascelli, D. J. Jones. Cavity-enhanced high harmonic generation for extreme ultraviolet time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Rev. Sci. Instrum., 90, 083001(2019).

[39] H. Teng, X.-K. He, K. Zhao, Z.-Y. Wei. Attosecond laser station. Chin. Phys. B, 27, 074203(2018).

[40] M. Miranda, C. L. Arnold, T. Fordell, F. Silva, B. Alonso, R. Weigand, A. L’Huillier, H. Crespo. Characterization of broadband few-cycle laser pulses with the d-scan technique. Opt. Express, 20, 18732(2012).

[41] Y. Mairesse, F. Quéré. Frequency-resolved optical gating for complete reconstruction of attosecond bursts. Phys. Rev. A, 71, 011401(2005).

[42] K. Zhao, Y. Gao, X. Zhu, S. Xu, Y. Jiang, Y. Li, J. Wang, J. Zhu, D. Zhang, Y. Chen, Z. Wei. Principle and technology of attosecond pulse characterization. Chin. Sci. Bull., 66, 835(2021).

[43] K. Zhao, Q. Zhang, M. Chini, Z. Chang. Route to one atomic unit of time: development of a broadband attosecond streak camera. Multiphoton Processes and Attosecond Physics, 109(2012).

[44] J. Gagnon, E. Goulielmakis, V. S. Yakovlev. The accurate FROG characterization of attosecond pulses from streaking measurements. Appl. Phys. B, 92, 25(2008).

[45] J. Zhu, Q. Du, X. Wang, H. Teng, H. Han, Z. Wei, X. Hou. Carrier-envelope phase measurement and stabilization of amplified Ti:sapphire femtosecond laser pulses by spectral interferometry. Acta Phys. Sin., 57, 7753(2008).

[46] A. Baltuška, T. Udem, M. Uiberacker, M. Hentschel, E. Goulielmakis, Ch. Gohle, R. Holzwarth, V. S. Yakovlev, A. Scrinzi, T. W. Hänsch, F. Krausz. Attosecond control of electronic processes by intense light fields. Nature, 421, 611(2003).

Cited By

[1] Kun Zhao.