Identification of a Grass Species Using a Terahertz Wave Based on Hybrid Machine Learning Method

Fig. 2. Terahertz time and frequency domain spectral waveforms of five Astragalus adsurgens Pall. seeds. (a) Terahertz time domain spectral waveforms; (b) terahertz frequency domain spectral waveforms

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Fig. 3. Absorption coefficient spectra of five Astragalus adsurgens Pall. seeds

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Fig. 4. Average absorption coefficient and standard deviation of five Astragalus adsurgens Pall. seeds

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$Refractive index spectra of five Astragalus adsurgens Pall. seeds$

Fig. 5. Refractive index spectra of five Astragalus adsurgens Pall. seeds

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Table 1. Relevant information of five samples of<i> Astragalus adsurgens</i> Pall. seeds
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Table 1. Relevant information of five samples of<i> Astragalus adsurgens</i> Pall. seeds
Number Name Place of origin Year
Sample 1 Sha Da Wang 1 Helin 2010
Sample 2 Sha Da Wang 2 Helin 2012
Sample 3 Sha Da Wang 3 Helin Before 2010
Sample 4 Sha Da Wang 4 Helin 2016
Sample 5 Sha Da Wang 5 Helin 2016

Table 2. Classification results of RF model

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Table 2. Classification results of RF model

No.	Classification accuracy of all kinds of samples/%					Classification accuracy of five samples/%
No.	Sample 1	Sample 2	Sample 3	Sample 4	Sample 5	Classification accuracy of five samples/%
Average classification accuracy/%	81.60	85.00	86.10	81.90	90.90	85.00
1	75	100	86	67	86	83.30
2	80	89	86	80	100	86.70
3	91	60	100	86	67	83.30
4	60	100	100	67	86	83.30
5	80	67	67	100	100	83.30
6	75	100	89	80	100	86.70
7	100	63	100	100	80	86.70
8	80	100	78	71	100	83.30
9	75	85	75	88	100	86.70
10	100	83	80	80	90	86.70

Table 3. Eigenvector of principle component
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Table 3. Eigenvector of principle component
Component Eigenvector
Eigenvalue Variance contribution rate/% Cumulative variance contribution rate/%
1 84.29 95.79 95.79
2 3.214 3.650 99.44
3 0.2125 0.2400 99.68

Table 4. Classification results of PCA-RF model

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Table 4. Classification results of PCA-RF model

No.	Classification accuracy of all kinds of samples/%					Classification accuracy of five samples/%
No.	Sample 1	Sample 2	Sample 3	Sample 4	Sample 5	Classification accuracy of five samples/%
Average classification accuracy/%	94.20	92.10	88.30	97.00	91.40	91.20
1	80	100	100	90	100	93.30
2	100	83	89	80	100	90.00
3	100	83	75	100	100	93.30
4	100	80	83	100	75	90.00
5	100	100	80	100	71	90.00
6	86	100	83	100	100	93.30
7	86	75	100	100	100	90.00
8	90	100	100	100	100	96.70
9	100	100	87	100	88	90.00
10	100	100	86	100	80	93.30

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Wang Fang, Zhang Chunhong, Zhao Jingfeng, Ha Sibateer, Zhang Yu. Identification of a Grass Species Using a Terahertz Wave Based on Hybrid Machine Learning Method[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2021, 58(3): 3300011

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