Robust Watermarking Algorithm Based on Structured Forests Edge and SIFT

Table 1. Test results of watermarked images without attacks
View table
Table 1. Test results of watermarked images without attacks
Parameter Lena Peppers Plane Mandrill
PSNR /dB 55.39 56.18 59.43 58.33
NC 1 1 1 1
SSIM 1 1 1 1

Table 2. Comparison results of different cover images without attacks

View table

Table 2. Comparison results of different cover images without attacks

Algorithm	Lena		Peppers		Plane		Mandrill
Algorithm	PSNR /dB	NC	PSNR /dB	NC	PSNR /dB	NC	PSNR /dB	NC
Proposed algorithm	55.39	1	56.18	1	59.43	1	58.33	1
Algorithm in Ref.[8]	47.96	0.9775	47.34	0.9602	44.52	0.9830	48.34	0.9793
Algorithm in Ref.[22]	52.34	0.9889	53.21	0.9891	50.96	0.9883	54.69	0.9921

Table 3. NC values of the extracted watermarks against various attacks

View table

Table 3. NC values of the extracted watermarks against various attacks

Attacks	Lena	Peppers	Plane	Mandrill
No attack	1	1	1	1
Salt & pepper noise(d=0.01)	0.9824	0.9867	0.9859	0.9825
Salt & pepper noise(d=0.03)	0.9585	0.9593	0.9591	0.9608
Gaussian noise (m=0, var is 0.005)	0.9893	0.9809	0.9826	0.9972
Gaussian noise (m=0, var is 0.01)	0.9601	0.9700	0.9717	0.9961
Cropping (20 columns)	0.9987	0.9954	0.9972	0.9964
Cropping (30 columns)	0.9979	0.9927	0.9963	0.9945
Cropping (40 columns)	0.9917	0.9936	0.9949	0.9908
JPEG compression (Q=50)	0.9954	0.9982	0.9963	0.9975
JPEG compression (Q=70)	1	0.9991	1	0.9984
Median filter (3×3)	0.9870	0.9889	0.9907	0.9861
Sharpening	0.9927	0.9842	0.9993	0.9878
Histogram equalization	0.9552	0.9982	0.9692	0.9576
Rotation (45°)	0.9829	0.9748	0.9599	0.9767
Average filter (3×3)	0.9629	0.9879	0.9879	0.9824
Contrast adjustment	0.9889	0.9936	0.9916	0.9962
Speckle noise (var is 0.01)	0.9907	0.9926	0.9946	0.9975
Speckle noise (var is 0.05)	0.9963	0.9935	0.9958	0.9963
Motion blur	0.9842	0.9879	0.9757	0.9861
Gaussian filter (3×3)	0.9761	0.9889	0.9898	0.9870

Tools

Get Citation

Copy Citation Text

Liu Ying, Yang Xing, Zhu Tingge. Robust Watermarking Algorithm Based on Structured Forests Edge and SIFT[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2021, 58(6): 615006

Download Citation

EndNote(RIS)BibTex Plain Text

Set citation alerts for article

Save article for my favorites