To move the performance of lithium-ion batteries into the next stage, the modification of the structure of cells is the only choice except for the development of materials exhibiting higher performance. In this review paper, the employment of through-holing structures of anodes and cathodes prepared with a picosecond pulsed laser has been proposed. The laser system and the structure for improving the battery performance were introduced. The performance of laminated cells constructed with through-holed anodes and cathodes was reviewed from the viewpoints of the improvement of high-rate performance and energy density, removal of unbalanced capacities on both sides of the current collector, even greater high-rate performance by hybridizing cathode materials and removal of irreversible capacity. In conclusion, the points that should be examined and the problem for the through-holed structure to be in practical use are summarized.