Acta Physica Sinica, Volume. 69, Issue 17, 170701-1(2020)
Figures & Tables(15)
![(a) Schematic and (b) piezoelectric output response in different gas environments of ZnO NWs-PENG based self-driven gas sensor[22]; (c) schematic and (d) output voltage at different concentrations of ethanol gas of olfactory electronic skin based on PANI/ PTFE/PANI sandwich nanostructure[28].](/Images/icon/loading.gif){kind=icon}
Fig. 2. (a) Schematic and (b) piezoelectric output response in different gas environments of ZnO NWs-PENG based self-driven gas sensor[22]; (c) schematic and (d) output voltage at different concentrations of ethanol gas of olfactory electronic skin based on PANI/ PTFE/PANI sandwich nanostructure[28].
Fig. 3. Self-driven H2S gas sensor based on flexible PENG[23]: (a) The sensing mechanism of vulcanization reaction; (b) response process; (c) recovery process.
Fig. 4. Self-driven pressure sensors based on flexible PENG: (a) The weight sensor based on the OPNG can distinguish the subjects with different weights[37]; (b) the output response of vibration sensor based on the OPNG in different application conditions[37]; (c) self-powered flexible pressure sensor based on P(VDF-TrFE) nanowire arrays can be used for acoustic detection[43]; (d) sound pressure sensor based on P(VDF-TrFE)/BaTiO3 piezoelectric reinforced nanocomposite microcolumn arrays can be used to monitor sound pressure changes[44].
Fig. 5. Self-driven biosensors based on flexible PENG are used to monitor (a) finger muscle movement, breathing, heartbeat pulses, and low-intensity sound waves[43], (b) four different breathing modes: deep breathing, gasping, dyspnea, and normal breathing[44], (c) human physiological activities such as blinking, vocalization, arm bending, radial artery pulse / heart beating, etc[54].
Fig. 7. Internal integrated SCPC with "sandwich" structure: (a) An integrated SCPC based on PVDF nano-film[9]; (b) flexible SCPC based on PVDF-graphene nanosheets[66]; (c) CuO / PVDF nanocomposite film based novel SCPC[67]; (d) SCPC based on PVDF-PZT nanocomposite film[68]; (e) mesoporous PVDF nano-film can be used as piezoelectric separator of SCPC[69]; (f) all-solid-state flexible SCPC based on mesoporous PVDF-LiPF6 film[70].
Fig. 8. Microscopic electrochemical process of porous PVDF nano-film based SCPC[69]: (a) In the initial stage, the lithium ion concentration in the electrolyte is in dynamic equilibrium; (b) when the external force
Table 1.
Comparison of different flexible PENGs-based self-driven gas sensors and MOS-based non-self-driven gas sensors (1 ppm = 1 mg/L).
柔性PENG-自驱动气体传感器与非自驱动MOS气体传感器的性能比较 (1 ppm = 1 mg/L)
View tableView in ArticleTable 1.
Comparison of different flexible PENGs-based self-driven gas sensors and MOS-based non-self-driven gas sensors (1 ppm = 1 mg/L).
柔性PENG-自驱动气体传感器与非自驱动MOS气体传感器的性能比较 (1 ppm = 1 mg/L)
组分材料 选择性 灵敏度 响应特性 工作条件 检测极限 检测范围 Au/SnO2厚膜 (非自驱动)[ 17 ]CO 电阻比30.2 (4000 ppm, 210 ℃) 响应时间8 s, 复原时间6 s (500 ppm, 210 ℃) 83—210 ℃ N/A 100—4000 ppm SnO2-CuO多层结构 (非自驱动)[ 18 ]H2S 电阻比2.7 × 104 (20 ppm) 响应时间2 s 140 ℃ N/A 2—20 ppm p型CuO颗粒/n型SnO2纳米线异质结构 (非自驱动)[ 19 ]H2S 电导比3250 (2 ppm) 响应时间2 min, 复原时间10 min 250 ℃ N/A 1—10 ppm 氧化铜功能化SnO2-ZnO核壳纳米线 (非自驱动)[ 20 ]H2S 约75% (12.5 ppm, 5 V, 50 ℃) N/A 室温 (材料的自热效应提供能量) N/A N/A 单壁碳纳米管 (非自驱动)[ 21 ]H2S 71.91% (40 mV) 1.53—0.89 μA 能量窗口介于 $ \pm $ N/A N/A ZnO纳米线[ 22 ]O2; H2S; 水蒸气 35.7%; 28.6%; 127.3% 0.7; 0.198; 0.35 V 压电输出 室温 100 ppm (H2S) 100—1000 ppm (H2S) NiO/ZnO异质结 纳米线阵列[ 23 ]H2S 536% (1000 ppm) 0.388 V (0 ppm)—0.061 V (1000 ppm) 室温 10—30 ppm 0—1000 ppm ZnSnO3/ZnO 纳米线[ 24 ]液化石油气 498.9% (8000 ppm) 0.533 V (0 ppm)—0.089 V (8000 ppm) 室温 600 ppm 1000—8000 ppm SnO2/ZnO纳米阵列[ 25 ]H2 471.4% (800 ppm) 0.80 V (0 ppm)— 0.14 V (800 ppm) 室温, 可由手指 弯曲驱动 10 ppm 0—800 ppm CuO/ZnO PN结 纳米阵列[ 26 ]H2S 约629.8% (800 ppm) 0.738 V (0 ppm)— 0.101 V (800 ppm); 响应时间250 s (200 ppm) 室温 N/A 0—800 ppm CdS纳米棒阵列[ 27 ]H2S 166.7% (600 ppm) 0.32 V (0 ppm)— 0.12 V (600 ppm) 室温, 可由手指 按压驱动 N/A 0—600 ppm PANI/PTFE/PANI三明治纳米结构[ 28 ]乙醇 66.8% (210 ppm) 响应时间 < 20 s, 复原时间 < 25 s 室温 30 ppm 0—210 ppm
Table 2. Summary of flexible substrate materials in SCPC.
View tableView in ArticleTable 2. Summary of flexible substrate materials in SCPC.
组分名称 主要功能 材料举例 外壳基板 保护支撑, 避免泄露, 封装缓冲 聚酰亚胺板/PI[ 11 ,23 ,25 ,41 ,43 ,44 ,50 ,66 ,70 ,73 -79 ]; 塑料基板[80 ]; PDMS基板[11 ,29 ,37 ,40 ,78 ,81 -87 ];玻璃基板[ 33 ,50 ,88 ,89 ]; PET基板[29 ,48 ,61 ,71 ,72 ,84 ,90 -95 ];萘二甲酸乙二酯/PEN[ 96 ,97 ]; 聚氯乙烯/PVC[98 ,99 ]; 尼龙织物[100 ]
Table 3. Summary of flexible electrode materials in SCPC.
View tableView in ArticleTable 3. Summary of flexible electrode materials in SCPC.
组分名称 主要功能 材料举例 电池电极 为电极的氧化还原反应提供反应场所和反应物质 Cu[ 32 ,66 ,70 ,71 ,73 ,78 ,80 ,92 ,98 ,99 ,101 ]; Al[11 ,23 ,25 ,33 ,41 ,66 ,70 ,73 ,79 ,85 ,95 ,97 ,102 -105 ]; LiCoO2[66 ,70 ]; 石墨[57 ,58 ,70 ,81 ,86 ];石墨烯[ 66 ]; ITO[48 ,61 ,72 ,90 ,95 ,96 ,106 ]; Au[29 ,40 ,43 ,44 ,50 ,74 -76 ,82 -84 ,87 ,96 ,97 ,103 ,107 -109 ]; Cr[40 ,74 ,75 ,107 ];Ag[ 49 ,54 ,94 ,100 ,107 ,110 ]; 碳纳米管[44 ,82 ,91 ]; Ti[11 ,23 ,25 ,55 ]; Ni[33 ,93 ]; MnO2[111 ]
Table 4. Summary of flexible piezoelectric materials in SCPC.
View tableView in ArticleTable 4. Summary of flexible piezoelectric materials in SCPC.
组分名称 主要功能 材料举例 压电 分离层 压电效应; 为离子传导提供动力等 ZnO纳米线/棒[ 11 ,40 ,55 ,80 ,97 ,100 ,109 ]; (介孔) PVDF纳米薄膜[8 ,37 ,66 ,70 ,73 ,79 ,87 ,110 ];PVDF-ZnO复合薄膜[ 50 ,74 ,75 ,81 ,103 ,111 ]; P(VDF-TrFE)复合薄膜[43 ,44 ,61 ,76 ,78 ,82 ,83 ,86 ,89 ,91 ,92 ,94 -96 ,107 ,108 ];PVDF-BaTiO3复合薄膜[ 10 ,44 ,90 ]; PVDF-BiVO4复合薄膜[88 ]; PVDF-KNN复合薄膜[102 ,104 ];PVDF-rGO-Ag复合薄膜[ 85 ]; PVDF-ZrO2复合薄膜[98 ]; PVDF-NiO-SiO2复合薄膜[57 ];ZnPc纳米棒[ 105 ]; 单层MoS2薄片[29 ]
Table 5. Examples of component materials and output properties of flexible SCPC.
View tableView in ArticleTable 5. Examples of component materials and output properties of flexible SCPC.
组分材料 电解质类型 峰值输出电压/电流 能量存储容量/μA·h 稳定性 主要特性 PVDF薄膜/ LiCoO2-TiO2 电极/ Al-Ti基板[ 9 ]液态LiPF6 327—395 mV (2.3 Hz, 45 N) 约0.036 约8000周期 PVDF-SCPC的雏形 PVDF纳米薄膜/LiCoO2- 石墨烯电极/ Al-Cu箔- 聚酰亚胺基板[ 66 ]液态LiPF6 500—850 mV (1.0 Hz, 34 N, 弯曲角度 ${10^ \circ }$ 约0.266 约450 min 石墨烯电极和聚酰 亚胺基板被首次应 用于柔性SCPC 介孔PVDF薄膜/ LiCoO2- 石墨电极/ Al-Cu基板[ 70 ]固态LiPF6 25—473 mV (1.0 Hz, 30 N) 约0.118 约160 min 全固态可 弯折SCPC PVDF-PZT纳米复合薄 膜/LiCoO2-多壁碳纳米管电极/Al-Cu基板[ 68 ]液态LiPF6 210—297.6 mV (1.5 Hz, 10 N) 约0.010 N/A PZT具有较高 的压电势系数 (500—600 pC/N) 定向P(VDF-TrFE) 纳米纤维/平行Cu电极/PI基板[ 78 ]N/A 12 V, 150 nA (1.6 Hz, 2 kPa) N/A N/A 高β晶相含量 PVDF-ZnO纳米复合薄膜/Al-Au电极/PTFE基板[ 103 ]N/A 约600 mV (6.0 Hz, 21 N) N/A N/A ZnO和PVDF材料的极 化方向相同, 杂化结构 具有协同的压电特性
Tools
Get Citation
Copy Citation Text
Mao-Liang Shen, Yan Zhang.
Paper Information
Received: May. 24, 2020
Accepted: --
Published Online: Jan. 4, 2021
The Author Email:
© Copyright 2018-2021 | Chinese Laser Press.
All Rights Reserved 沪ICP备15018463号-20