Research on Scalable and Miniaturized Photonic Crystal Wavelength Division Multiplexer

Mengfan Li; Deyuan Chen; Yan Zhang; Cong Xu

doi:10.3788/LOP202158.2325001

Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, Volume. 58, Issue 23, 2325001(2021)

Research on Scalable and Miniaturized Photonic Crystal Wavelength Division Multiplexer

Mengfan Li, Deyuan Chen^*, Yan Zhang, and Cong Xu

College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Microelectronics, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing , Jiangsu 210003, China

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Figures & Tables(19)

Fig. 1. Schematic of cavity structure

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Fig. 2. Wavelength conduction range of photonic crystal waveguide

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Fig. 3. Single download channel transmission spectrum

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Fig. 4. Influence of radius r_1w of the outer ring rods in cavity on transmittance of download channel

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Fig. 5. Influence of radius r₁ of inner ring rods in cavity on transmittance of download channel

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Fig. 6. Structure diagram of eight-channel cavity wavelength division multiplexer

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Fig. 7. Distribution of transmittance of eight-channel cavity wavelength division multiplexer

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Fig. 8. Crosstalk of eight-channel

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Fig. 9. Electric field diagram of eight-channel de-wavelength division multiplexer at different wavelengths.（a）1512.4 nm；（b）1529.4 nm；（c）1549.4 nm；（d）1508.0 nm；（e）1544.4 nm；（f）1504.8nm；（g）1525.0 nm；（h）1558.0 nm

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Fig. 10. Transmittance distribution diagram of quasi-dense eight-channel wavelength division multiplexer

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Fig. 11. Crosstalk of quasi-dense eight-channel

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Fig. 12. Transmittance distribution diagram of sixteen-channel wavelength division multiplexer

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Table 1. Parameters of eight-channel wavelength division multiplexer

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Table 1. Parameters of eight-channel wavelength division multiplexer

Channels	$λ_{c}$ /nm	r_m /nm	r_m_w /nm	T /%	$∆ λ$ /nm	Q	Loss /dB
Ch1	1512.4	88	84.50	97.5	0.3	5041	-0.11
Ch2	1529.4	102	88.00	96.0	1.1	1390	-0.17
Ch3	1549.4	90	88.60	95.0	0.5	3099	-0.20
Ch4	1508.0	100	84.50	97.0	0.7	2154	-0.15
Ch5	1544.4	92	87.90	95.0	0.4	3861	-0.21
Ch6	1504.8	98	84.10	96.0	0.7	2150	-0.18
Ch7	1525.0	80	87.10	96.0	1.0	1525	-0.17
Ch8	1558.0	96	91.18	93.5	0.5	3116	-0.30

Table 2. Crosstalk of eight-channel parameters

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Table 2. Crosstalk of eight-channel parameters

Channels	Ch1	Ch2	Ch3	Ch4	Ch5	Ch6	Ch7	Ch8
Ch1	—	-41.2	-37.8	-27.5	-55.5	-30.2	-32.9	-43.7
Ch2	-37.2	—	-27.9	-33.3	-29.5	-25.3	-22.1	-33.2
Ch3	-30.1	-41.4	—	-23.4	-27.9	-24.1	-37.2	-23.8
Ch4	-41.0	-31.2	-42.4	—	-43.9	-20.5	-32.0	-42.6
Ch5	-28.3	-40.5	-21.6	-25.9	—	-30.5	-34.1	-32.5
Ch6	-100.2	-34.3	-42.7	-27.0	-37.2	—	-34.1	-38.2
Ch7	-34.4	-20.9	-30.5	-34.6	-29.4	-28.3	—	-40.4
Ch8	-24.9	-35.1	-42.1	-25.8	-31.2	-24.7	-41.6	—

Table 3. Port transmittance summary

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Table 3. Port transmittance summary

Channels	Ch1	Ch2	Ch3	Ch4	Ch5	Ch6	Ch7	Ch8
Ch1	97.50	0.01	0.02	0.18	0.00	0.1	0.06	0.00
Ch2	0.02	96.00	0.16	0.04	0.11	0.30	0.61	0.04
Ch3	0.10	0.01	95.00	0.46	0.16	0.40	0.02	0.41
Ch4	0.01	0.08	0.01	97.00	0.01	0.90	0.06	0.01
Ch5	0.15	0.01	0.69	0.25	95.00	0.09	0.04	0.06
Ch6	0.00	0.04	0.01	0.20	0.02	96.00	0.04	0.02
Ch7	0.01	0.82	0.09	0.04	0.11	0.15	96.00	0.04
Ch8	0.31	0.03	0.01	0.26	0.08	0.34	0.01	93.50

Table 4. Parameters of quasi-dense eight-channel wavelength division multiplexer

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Table 4. Parameters of quasi-dense eight-channel wavelength division multiplexer

Channels	$λ_{c}$ /nm	r_m /nm	r_m_w /nm	T /%	$∆ λ$ /nm	Q	Loss /dB
Ch1	1546.0	100	90.20	95.0	0.25	6184	-0.25
Ch2	1554.4	96	89.28	97.5	0.40	3886	-0.10
Ch3	1548.2	83	88.50	85.0	0.40	3870	-0.70
Ch4	1542.2	86	87.30	90.0	0.50	3084	-0.50
Ch5	1544.2	83	88.00	94.0	0.50	3088	-0.25
Ch6	1550.0	94	88.74	95.0	0.45	3445	-0.25
Ch7	1557.6	82	92.30	97.5	0.30	5192	-0.10
Ch8	1552.0	98	90.40	89.0	0.80	1940	-0.50

Table 5. Crosstalk parameters of quasi-dense eight-channel wavelength division multiplexer

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Table 5. Crosstalk parameters of quasi-dense eight-channel wavelength division multiplexer

Channels	Ch1	Ch2	Ch3	Ch4	Ch5	Ch6	Ch7	Ch8
Ch1	—	-29.5	-32.8	-33.5	-22.0	-25.5	-43.8	-30.5
Ch2	-36.5	—	-24.7	-32.0	-37.0	-38.5	-32.5	-21.0
Ch3	-27.5	-26.4	—	-25.0	-19.5	-12.0	-42.0	-18.7
Ch4	-28.1	-29.5	-22.9	—	-15.7	-23.9	-40.5	-29.5
Ch5	-25.5	-26.7	-19.4	-14.5	—	-26.7	-36.7	-32.5
Ch6	-41.0	-24.7	-17.5	-36.4	-37.8	—	-41.2	-17.5
Ch7	-32.7	-27.8	-42.0	-35.7	-42.0	-36.6	—	-27.8
Ch8	-38.4	-19.6	-23.2	-39.0	-42.2	-22.2	-22.0	—

Table 6. Comparison of various wavelength division multiplexers

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Table 6. Comparison of various wavelength division multiplexers

Reference	Number of output ports	Coupling efficiency /%		Q factor Min	Crosstalk /dB		Footprint /μm²	Spectral line-width /nm	Scalability
Reference	Number of output ports	Min	Max	Q factor Min	Min	Max	Footprint /μm²	Spectral line-width /nm	Scalability
Ref.［22］	3	92.0	100.0	1550	—	—	357.0	1.1	Yes
Ref.［23］	4	95.0	100.0	2620	-40.0	-19.0	900.0	3.0	Yes
Ref.［24］	16	80.0	100.0	517	-41.4	-9.6	752.0	5.0	No
Ref.［25］	5	100.0	100.0	1500	—	—	657.0	10.0	Yes
Ref.［18］	8	97.8	99.8	150	-35.2	-27.3	414.0	23.0	—
Ref.［19］	3	90.0	94.0	—	-37.8	-14.0	398.0	5.5	—
Our work	8	85.0	98.0	3084	-43.8	-12.0	217.8	2.2	Yes

Table 7. Parameters of sixteen-channel wavelength division multiplexer

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Table 7. Parameters of sixteen-channel wavelength division multiplexer

Channels	$λ_{c}$ /nm	r_m /nm	r_m_w /nm	T /%	$∆ λ$ /nm	Q	Loss /dB
Ch1	1538.1	81.0	87.40	90.1	0.15	10254	-0.45
Ch2	1534.1	82.0	86.20	91.7	0.90	1705	-0.38
Ch3	1535.9	83.3	86.45	94.4	0.50	3071	-0.25
Ch4	1542.2	84.0	87.26	90.5	0.45	3427	-0.45
Ch5	1539.5	85.0	86.90	94.4	0.50	3079	-0.25
Ch6	1550.1	86.0	88.68	95.7	0.50	3100	-0.20
Ch7	1544.4	87.0	87.60	88.0	0.40	3861	-0.62
Ch8	1565.3	88.0	90.80	92.4	0.20	7827	-0.34
Ch9	1561.3	89.0	90.26	90.0	0.30	5204	-0.46
Ch10	1557.6	90.0	89.70	85.2	0.30	5192	-0.70
Ch11	1547.9	91.0	88.40	84.8	0.40	3870	-0.72
Ch12	1551.8	92.0	89.00	91.2	0.55	2821	-0.40
Ch13	1553.9	93.0	89.20	94.7	0.40	3885	-0.24
Ch14	1559.5	94.0	89.90	94.2	0.30	5198	-0.28
Ch15	1546.2	88.0	89.60	85.0	0.20	7731	-0.70
Ch16	1556.0	96.9	90.85	85.6	0.40	3890	-0.67

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Mengfan Li, Deyuan Chen, Yan Zhang, Cong Xu. Research on Scalable and Miniaturized Photonic Crystal Wavelength Division Multiplexer[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2021, 58(23): 2325001

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Paper Information

Category: OPTOELECTRONICS

Received: Dec. 30, 2020

Accepted: Feb. 17, 2021

Published Online: Nov. 19, 2021

The Author Email: Chen Deyuan (mengwqx@163.com)

DOI:10.3788/LOP202158.2325001

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology